Evaluation of a longitudinal subspecialty clinic for internal medicine residents.

BACKGROUND: The traditional model for subspecialty education in internal medicine (IM) residencies is a short inpatient consult rotation, which often lacks outpatient exposure and continuity with faculty. Our IM residency program developed a longitudinal subspecialty clinic (LSC) experience, which pairs categorical IM residents with a faculty preceptor in their subspecialty of interest. Residents work in their preceptor's clinic for one half-day per week during ambulatory blocks throughout the PGY2 year. OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the LSC program's educational impact and determine best practices for successful implementation. METHODS: From May to July 2019, we surveyed residents and preceptors who participated in an LSC between 2014 and 2019, gathering quantitative and qualitative data on their experiences. RESULTS: Survey response rates were 66.4% (N=93/140) for residents, 57.7% (N=15/26) for preceptors. Most residents and preceptors were very or extremely satisfied with their LSC experience (83.3% and 71.4%, respectively). Most residents and preceptors reported that the LSC experience was very or extremely effective in enabling residents to explore their subspecialty of interest (76.0%, 86.7%), form a mentoring relationship with their preceptor (71.3%, 80.0%), obtain a letter of recommendation (76.1%, 64.3%), prepare for fellowship (76.3%, 66.7%), gain exposure to outpatient subspecialty practice (90.0%, 73.3%), and gain medical knowledge (84.6%, 80.0%). CONCLUSIONS: Our data showed that LSCs are effective in facilitating longitudinal subspecialty career exploration, mentorship, and education for residents. Opportunities for improvement include developing a more structured curriculum, addressing scheduling issues, and adding the option to extend the experience to the PGY3 year.

Early Response Assessment in Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma Through Integrated PET/MRI.

OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study is to investigate early changes in 18F-FDG PET/MRI metrics after treatment in patients with advanced pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) and to correlate those changes with eventual tumor response at standard-of-care CT. SUBJECTS AND METHODS: Thirteen patients with advanced PDAC underwent integrated FDG PET/MRI before and 4 weeks after treatment initiation. Patients were classified as responders or nonresponders according to Response Evaluation Criteria in Solid Tumors (RECIST) 1.1 at subsequent CT performed 8-12 weeks after treatment initiation. Changes in the primary tumor's maximum standardized uptake value (SUVmax), metabolic tumor volume (MTV), and total lesion glycolysis (TLG) determined at PET and apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) determined at DWI at 4 weeks were compared between responders and nonresponders. RESULTS: Seven patients had a partial response according to RECIST, and six did not. Responders displayed significantly greater decreases in MTV (p = 0.003) and TLG (p = 0.006) in the primary pancreatic tumor at 4 weeks. Responders also displayed a greater increase in the mean (p = 0.004) and minimum (p = 0.024) ADC of the primary tumors. Tumor size change at 4 weeks was not significantly different between responders and nonresponders (p = 0.11). PET responders enjoyed longer progression-free survival (PFS) (p = 0.0004) and overall survival (OS) (p = 0.013) than did nonresponders, using either a 60% reduction in MTV or 65% reduction in TLG as a threshold. MRI responders had significantly longer PFS (p = 0.0002) and OS (p = 0.027) than did nonresponders, using a 20% increase in either mean or minimum ADC as a threshold. CONCLUSION: Integrated PET/MRI can provide early response assessment in patients with advanced PDAC, thus potentially allowing early treatment adaptation in nonresponders.