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1.
Int J Infect Dis ; 15(11): e781-6, 2011 Nov.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-21855383

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVE: No serological studies have been performed in Mexico to assess the seroprevalence of influenza A/H1N1/2009 in groups of people according to the potential risk of transmission. The aim of this study was to determine the seroprevalence of antibodies against influenza A/H1N1/2009 in subjects in Mexico grouped by risk of transmission. METHODS: Two thousand two hundred and twenty-two subjects were categorized into one of five occupation groups according to the potential risk of transmission: (1) students, (2) teachers, (3) healthcare workers, (4) institutional home residents aged >60 years, and (5) general population. Seroprevalence by potential transmission group and by age grouped into decades was determined by a virus-free ELISA method based on the recombinant receptor-binding domain of the hemagglutinin of influenza A/H1N1/2009 virus as antigen (85% sensitivity; 95% specificity). The Wilson score, Chi-square test, and logistic regression models were used for the statistical analyses. RESULTS: Seroprevalence for students was 47.3%, for teachers was 33.9%, for older adults was 36.5%, and for the general population was 33.0%, however it was only 24.6% for healthcare workers (p=0.011). Of the students, 56.6% of those at middle school, 56.4% of those at high school, 52.7% of those at elementary school, and 31.1% of college students showed positive antibodies (p<0.001). Seroprevalence was 44.6% for college teachers, 31.6% for middle school teachers, and 29.8% for elementary school teachers, but was only 20.3% for high school teachers (p=0.002). CONCLUSIONS: The student group was the group most affected by influenza A/H1N1/2009, while the healthcare worker group showed the lowest prevalence. Students represent a key target for preventive measures.


Subject(s)
Antibodies, Viral/blood , Antigens, Viral , Influenza A Virus, H1N1 Subtype/immunology , Influenza, Human/epidemiology , Adolescent , Adult , Age Factors , Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Child , Cross-Sectional Studies , Disease Outbreaks/statistics & numerical data , Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay/methods , Faculty/statistics & numerical data , Female , Health Personnel/statistics & numerical data , Humans , Incidence , Influenza, Human/immunology , Influenza, Human/prevention & control , Influenza, Human/transmission , Male , Mexico/epidemiology , Middle Aged , Risk Factors , Sensitivity and Specificity , Seroepidemiologic Studies , Students/statistics & numerical data , Young Adult
2.
Alergia (Méx.) ; 47(3): 96-99, mar.-abr. 2000. CD-ROM
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-304399

ABSTRACT

Objetivo: establecer los costos por atención al paciente con asma en el presupuesto de una clínica-hospital con una población cerrada y conocer nuestros logros en el control de dicho padecimiento, así como nuestras debilidades y áreas de oportunidad. Además, comparar nuestros resultados con trabajos similares previos efectuados en otros países. Método: en la Clínica Nova de Monterrey se atendió, durante el año estudiado (1998), a una población fija de 28,394 personas a las cuales se les proporcionaron todos los servicios médicos, incluyendo hospitalización y farmacia. Nuestra prevalencia de asma es de 2.6 por ciento. Los costos directos e indirectos generados por este padecimiento se obtuvieron a través del departamento de bioestadística, control operativo y servicio de urgencias. Resultados: los costos totales por asma bronquial en 1998 fueron de: 1,624,765.00 pesos, resultando los costos directos los más importantes con 1,582,735.00 pesos (97 por ciento del total y dentro de éstos el gasto en medicamentos fue de 1,131,575.00 pesos, 71 por ciento de costos directos) los costos indirectos sólo representaron 3 por ciento del total con 42,030 pesos. Conclusiones: los resultados indican que los mayores costos son en medicamentos en pacientes ambulatorios. Los costos de hospitalización y visitas a urgencias sólo representan 10 por ciento del total, por lo cual la conclusión más importante es que el personal médico de la Clínica Nova está utilizando los esquemas antiinflamatorios preventivos recomendados en la actualidad para reducir los gastos directos más importantes generados por la hospitalización.


Subject(s)
Asthma , Mexico , Cost of Illness , Economics
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