[Case report: coordination of the care provided to patients with breast cancer]. / Caso clínico: coordinación en los cuidados de una paciente con cáncer de mama.

In Spain, cancer is the leading cause of death in absolute terms. Statistically, the most frequent type of cancer in women in developed countries is breast cancer, which is becoming the leading cause of death from cancer among women. The breast cancer is statistically the most frequent in women and it is getting the first reason of death by cancer between the feminine population, in most of developed countries. This health problem is usually associated with psychological dependency, which can be aggravated in elderly patients without adequate family support. TThe nursing process is the most commonly used tool to establish interaction among the nurse, the patient and the family. Through this interaction, the nurse can identify the patient's health objectives and energy limitations, as well as the resources available to obtain optimal health status. The nursing process is a systematic method for providing efficient humanistic care aimed at achieving expected outcomes. In the case presented herein, we employed Marjory Gordon's Functional Patterns and the taxonomies of the North American Nursing Diagnosis Association (NANDA), Nursing Interventions Classification (NIC) and Nursing Outcomes Classification (NOC). The nursing diagnoses detected were fear, anxiety, self-care deficit, impaired mobility, risk of low self-esteem, ineffective coping, and potential complications (pain and infection). The care session is one of the main interventions to improve the effectiveness of the care provided. During this session, methodological adjustments of the nursing process are analyzed, with special attention paid to the appropriateness of the interventions, the possible alternatives and encouragement of reflective practice Essential elements to improve quality of life in these elderly oncology patients are the role of nursing through the care provided and coordination among professionals in different disciplines and healthcare levels.

Caso clínico: coordinación en los cuidados de una paciente con cáncer de mama / Case report: coordination of the care provided to patients with breast cancer

En España el cáncer es la primera causa de muerte en términos absolutos. Estadísticamente el cáncer de mama supone, en la mayoría de los países desarrollados, el que con más frecuencia aparece en la mujer y se convierteen la primera causa de muerte por cáncer entre la población femenina. Este problema de salud en la mayoría de los casos se encuentra asociado a una dependencia psicológica que se puede ver agravado en pacientes deedad avanzada sin un adecuado apoyo familiar. El proceso enfermero es el instrumento empleado para realizar la interacción mutua entre la enfermera, el paciente y la familia para identificar los objetivos de salud, las energías y limitaciones del paciente, y los recursos disponibles para conseguir el estado óptimo de salud. Es un método sistemático de brindar cuidados humanistas eficientes centrados en el logro de resultados esperados. En el caso que presentamos hemos trabajado según los patrones funcionales de Marjory Gordon y usando las taxonomías NANDA (Nort American Nursing Diagnosis Association), NIC (Nursing Interventions Classification) y NOC (Nursing Outcomes Classification). Los diagnósticos enfermeros detectados son: temor, ansiedad, déficit de autocuidados, deterioro de la movilidad, riesgo de baja autoestima, afrontamiento inefectivo y las complicaciones potenciales: dolor e infección. La sesión clínica multidisciplinar de cuidados es una de las intervenciones que pueden mejorar la efectividad de los cuidados prestados, analizando la adecuación metodológica de las etapas del proceso enfermero, prestando especial atención a la adecuación de la intervención, sus posibles alternativas y fomentando la práctica reflexiva. Para poder mejorar la calidad de vida de estas pacientes oncológicas en edad avanzada, el papel enfermero a través de los cuidados es un elemento indispensable, así como una coordinación entre profesionales de distintas disciplinas y niveles de asistencia sanitaria

In Spain, cancer is the leading cause of death in absolute terms. Statistically, the most frequent type of cancer in women in developed countries is breastcancer, which is becoming the leading cause of death from cancer among women.The breast cancer is statistically the most frequent in women and it is getting the first reason of death by cancer between the feminine population, inmost of developed countries.This health problem is usually associated with psychological dependency, which can be aggravated in elderly patients without adequate family support. The nursing process is the most commonly used tool to establish interaction among the nurse, the patient and the family. Through this interaction, the nurse can identify the patient’s health objectives and energy limitations, as well as the resources available to obtain optimal health status. The nursing process is a systematic method for providing efficient humanistic care aimed at achieving expected outcomes. In the case presented here in, we employed Marjory Gordon’s Functional Patterns and the taxonomies of the North American Nursing Diagnosis Association (NANDA), Nursing Interventions Classification (NIC) and Nursing Outcomes Classification (NOC). The nursing diagnoses detected were fear, anxiety, self-care deficit, impaired mobility, risk of low self-esteem, ineffective coping, and potential complications (pain and infection). The care session is one of the main interventions to improve the effectiveness of the care provided. During this session, methodological adjustments of the nursing process are analyzed, with special attention paid to the appropriateness of the interventions, the possible alternatives and encouragement of reflective practice. Essential elements to improve quality of life in these elderly oncology patients are the role of nursing through the care provided and coordination among professionals in different disciplines and healthcare levels

Prevenir complicaciones circulatorias. Plan de cuidados estandarizados / Standardized treatment plan to prevent. Circulatory complications

Se plantea la necesidad de estandarizar los cuidados básicos a los pacientes encamados para evitar las complicaciones circulatorias. Si protocolizamos las intervenciones enfermeras en el manejo de este tipo de pacientes y las actividades derivadas de las mismas, podremos actuar precozmente para conseguir nuestro objetivo. Proponemos el siguiente Plan de Cuidados Estandarizado siempre teniendo en cuenta que se trata de un protocolo específico de cuidados, apropiado para pacientes encamados con riesgo de padecer complicaciones circulatorias. No hay que olvidar que los planes de cuidados estandarizados nos servirán como modelo, pero que necesariamente tendremos que personalizarlos con cada paciente(AU)

The authors present the necessity to standardize basic treatment protocols for bedridden patients in order to avoid circulatory complications. If we set up protocols for nursing treatment when dealing with this type of patients and the activities derived from this care, we can act precociously to achieve our objective. The authors propose the following Standardized Treatment Plan bearing in mind that this is a protocol for a specific situation, appropriate for bedridden patients who suffer the risk of circulatory complications. One should not forget that standardized treatment plans serve as a model, but it is necessary for nurses to personalize each plan for each patient(AU)

[Standardized treatment plan to prevent circulatory complications]. / Prevenir complicaciones circulatorias. Plan de cuidados estandarizados.

The authors present the necessity to standardize basic treatment protocols for bedridden patients in order to avoid circulatory complications. If we set up protocols for nursing treatment when dealing with this type of patients and the activities derived from this care, we can act precociously to achieve our objective. The authors propose the following Standardized Treatment Plan bearing in mind that this is a protocol for a specific situation, appropriate for bedridden patients who suffer the risk of circulatory complications. One should not forget that standardized treatment plans serve as a model, but it is necessary for nurses to personalize each plan for each patient.