Subject(s)
Cholesterol/blood , Myocardial Ischemia/prevention & control , Adult , Aged , Female , Humans , Hypercholesterolemia/complications , Male , Mediterranean Region , Middle Aged , Myocardial Ischemia/blood , Myocardial Ischemia/epidemiology , Primary Health Care , Risk Factors , Spain/epidemiologyABSTRACT
No disponible
Subject(s)
Middle Aged , Adult , Aged , Male , Female , Humans , Risk Factors , Spain , Myocardial Ischemia , Mediterranean Region , Primary Health Care , Cholesterol , HypercholesterolemiaABSTRACT
No disponible
Subject(s)
Surveys and Questionnaires , Accreditation , Health Facilities , SpainSubject(s)
Drug Industry , Ethics, Medical , Ethics, Pharmacy , Interprofessional Relations , Humans , SpainABSTRACT
No disponible
Subject(s)
Humans , Drug Industry , Interprofessional Relations , Ethics, Medical , Ethics, Pharmacy , SpainSubject(s)
Drug Prescriptions , Costs and Cost Analysis , Drug Prescriptions/economics , Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Primary Health Care , SpainABSTRACT
OBJECTIVE: To determine the effect of various psychological and social factors--family function, social support, psychological malaise and social class--on frequency of attendance. DESIGN: Study with cases and controls. SETTING: Health Districts Girona-3 and La Bisbal. PARTICIPANTS: Criteria for inclusion: being older than 14, being on a list as a user, and having been seen at least once during the study period. The person over-attending is defined as someone attending 7 or more times in a year. The normal attender attends less than 7 times. The sample was 441 patients (209 cases and 232 controls). MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS: The Smilkestein family Apgar and the DUKE-UNC social support questionnaires, and the Goldberg anxiety and depression scale, were administered. Social class was defined according to the job of the head of the family. Statistical analysis was undertaken in two steps: firstly, bivariate analysis; and second, multivariate. The social support and age variables were related to frequency of attendance: they explained 8.1% of it (through multiple regression). Depression increased by between 1.21 and 2.58 the risk of over-attending and explained 10.53% of the variability of over-attendance, in line with the logistical regression analysis. CONCLUSIONS: The psychological and social variables studied fail to explain most of the variability. We should demystify the importance of psychological and social factors in the use of health resources.
Subject(s)
Outpatients , Primary Health Care/statistics & numerical data , Adolescent , Adult , Age Factors , Aged , Case-Control Studies , Data Interpretation, Statistical , Depression/diagnosis , Humans , Manifest Anxiety Scale , Middle Aged , Outpatients/psychology , Sampling Studies , Social Class , Social Support , Socioeconomic Factors , Spain , Surveys and QuestionnairesABSTRACT
AIM: To evaluate medical students' understanding of the harmfulness of tobacco; their attitude to it; and the spread of tobacco addiction among them. DESIGN: This was a crossover study, using information collected through a self-answer questionnaire. SITE. It was carried out in the Faculty of Medicine in the Autonomous University of Barcelona. PARTICIPANTS: The people under study were the 490 students registered in the first year of Medicine and doing the Biostatistics course. MAIN MEASUREMENTS AND RESULTS: The information was collected by means of a voluntary self-answer questionnaire, which was distributed during class-hours of the Biostatistics course. 68% of those registered answered. This broke down into: 25.7% smokers; 25.1% ex-smokers; and 49.2% non-smokers. 88% of students expressed total agreement as to the harmfulness of tobacco, though there were important differences between smokers and non-smokers (p < 0.01). The illness which they related most closely to tobacco addiction was Lung Cancer; and the least closely related was Bladder Cancer. Only 30% would warn healthy smokers about the risks attached to their addiction. 50% believe it is the doctor's responsibility to convince the general population to give up smoking. CONCLUSIONS: The spread of tobacco addiction is lower among medical students than among the general population of the same age and than among health professionals. We think it is essential to integrate an action programme against tobacco addiction into the overall study plan.
Subject(s)
Students, Medical , Tobacco Use Disorder/epidemiology , Adolescent , Adult , Age Factors , Attitude of Health Personnel , Chi-Square Distribution , Female , Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice , Humans , Male , Prevalence , Sex Factors , Smoking/epidemiology , Smoking/psychology , Spain/epidemiology , Students, Medical/psychology , Students, Medical/statistics & numerical data , Surveys and Questionnaires , Tobacco Use Disorder/psychologyABSTRACT
The purpose of this study has been to evaluate the prevalence of smoking habit, knowledge on the adverse health effects and attitudes towards it among nurses students in their three years of study (University School of Girona). A self-administrated questionnaire was used. A total of 135 questionnaires were answered (88%) from an estimated available population of 154 students (94% females with 21 years old of mean age). The prevalence of current smoking was 34.3%; ex smokers 23.3% and non smokers 42.5%. The mean of tobacco consumption was 367.6 cigarettes/month. 92% no smokers, 91% ex smokers and 76% smokers thought that smoking has adverse health effects (p less than 0.001). They consider the health protection like the first reason to give up smoking. 38% will advise their healthy smokers patients about the risk of their habit. We conclude: 1.-Low prevalence of smoking habit; 2.-Nurses should know methods aimed at lowering smoking rates, assuming that they have determined influence on the population behavior.
