Clinical and laboratorial performance of rehabilitation of endodontically treated teeth: A systematic review.

OBJECTIVE: This systematic review aimed to analyze the clinical (survival rate, failure risk, or fracture) and laboratory performance (fracture mode or failure) of rehabilitations of endodontically treated teeth, with and without posts. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A systematic search was conducted in the Pubmed, Scopus, Web of Science, Embase, Cochrane Library, and OpenGrey databases up to March 2023, according to PRISMA guidelines. In vitro and clinical studies that compared the clinical and laboratory performance of endodontically treated teeth with and without intraradicular posts were included. Studies selection, data extraction, and risk of bias analysis were performed. RESULTS: Thirty-one in vitro and 7 clinical studies were included. For in vitro studies, fiberglass post (n = 24) was the most mentioned. The follow-up time of the clinical studies ranged from 1 to 17 years, with the fiber-reinforced composite post (n = 3) being the most evaluated, and only failure risk proved to be more favorable for using intraradicular posts. CONCLUSION: Rehabilitations of endodontically treated teeth with and without intraradicular retainers showed no difference in fracture resistance and failure mode, evaluated by in vitro studies. Clinical studies showed no difference in survival rate, but failure risk proved to be more favorable for the use of posts. CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE: This analysis revealed significant variability between results, however, most laboratory and clinical studies revealed no difference with using the post. Furthermore, it is important to emphasize the need to evaluate the coronary remnant and the general characteristics of the tooth in each situation.

Effect of Spondias mombin L. extract on the wettability, roughness, color and morphology of bovine enamel

Although Spondias mombin L. extract has an excellent antimicrobial effect against oral microorganisms, it should be clarified how it affects enamel surface properties. Aim: To evaluate the color change, wettability/contact angle, surface roughness and morphology of bovine enamel submitted to the Spondias mombin L. extract. Methods: Thirty bovine teeth were distributed into the following groups: 0.12% chlorhexidine digluconate, 1:32 Spondias mombin L. extract and distilled water. Color change (CC) was evaluated after immerging specimens into the solutions for 14 days. Surface roughness (Ra) was measured using a roughness meter; wettability/contact angles (CA) were determined by the sessile drop method, and scanning electron microscopy images were obtained to characterize the morphology (SMA). The pH of the solutions was evaluated using a pHmeter. The Ra, CA, and CC data were parametric (Kolmogorov-Smirnov; p>0.05). Two-way ANOVA (for Ra and CA) and one-way ANOVA (for CC) with Tukey's posthoc tests at a significance level of 5% were used. SMA was analyzed descriptively. Results: The Spondias mombin L. extract revealed an acidic pH, and when in contact with the bovine teeth, it increased the wettability, but it did not cause statistically significant differences in the Ra. Spondias mombin L. extract caused the highest color change. The SEM images showed differences in the specimens' surface submitted to the extract compared to the other groups. Conclusion: Spondias mombin L. extract provided negative effects on bovine enamel's surface, including a high color change and a more wettable substrate

Effect of Adjunctive Probiotic Therapy on the Treatment of Peri-implant Diseases - A Systematic Review.

AIM: The aim of this study was to determine the effects of probiotics on peri-implant diseases. MATERIALS AND METHODS: PubMed-MEDLINE, Scopus, Literature in the Health Sciences in Latin America and the Caribbean (LILACS) and Science Direct were searched until September 2019. Three authors independently carried out this search, using the following search algorithm to explore databases using Boolean operators ("peri-implant diseases" OR "dental implants") AND ("probiotics" OR "lactobacillus"). Randomized clinical trials were included. No limits were applied to the year and articles were restricted to those in the English, Spanish and Portuguese languages. Review articles, reports of clinical cases and works without mention of the topic were excluded. RESULTS: Five randomized clinical trials were analyzed in the final review process. For the primary outcomes - Periodontal probing depth (PPD) and bleeding on probing (BOP); and for the secondary outcames - plaque index, gingival index, gingival crevicular fluid and microbiological tests - no significant clinical effects of probiotics were observed. CONCLUSION: Probiotics could be used during the treatment of peri-implant diseases. However, the most appropriate form of probiotic administration or the effectiveness of this approach are still unclear. There is currently insufficient evidence to demonstrate the benefits of the use of probiotics as an adjunctive therapy in patients with peri-implant diseases.

Efeito do extrato da folha de spondias mombin sobre a superfície de dentes humanos - um estudo in vitro / Effect of mombin spondias leaf extract on the surface of human teeth - an in vitro study

INTRODUÇÃO: O estudo da fitoterapia na prevenção e no tratamento de doenças tem estimulado pesquisas com plantas medicinais na Odontologia. Dentre essas plantas destaca-se a espécie Spondias mombin por apresentar disponibilidade de matéria-prima e amplo espectro de ações farmacológicas que incluem atividades antimicrobiana, anti-inflamatória, cicatrizante e antioxidante. OBJETIVO: Investigar o efeito do extrato de Spondias mombin L. (cajá) sobre a superfície de dentes humanos. METODOLOGIA: O extrato de cajá foi preparado em sua diluição 1:32=31,25 mg/ml. Trinta dentes humanos foram seccionados (6,0 x 6,0 mm) preservando as proximais. Os fragmentos foram divididos aleatoriamente em 3 grupos (n=10 por grupo) de acordo com os grupos: extrato hidroetanólico de S. mombin L., Digluconato de clorexidina 0,12% e água destilada. Cada fragmento foi imerso nas respectivas substâncias por 1 minuto, 2 vezes ao dia, durante 14 dias. Antes e após a imersão nas soluções, foram realizadas análises de cor, molhabilidade, rugosidade (Ra) e morfologia. O pH das substâncias também foi investigado. Os dados foram analisados estatisticamente por meio de ANOVA (1 e 2 fatores) e teste de Tukey para múltiplas comparações. RESULTADOS: Não houve diferença estatisticamente significativa em relação a cor entre os grupos. O extrato de cajá e clorexidina 0,12% apresentaram diferenças significativas (p<0,001), enquanto água destilada não apresentou diferenças estatísticas (p>0,005). Quanto a molhabilidade, não houve diferença estatisticamente significativa entre extrato de cajá (p>0,005), clorexidina 0,12% (p>0,005) e água destilada (p>0,005). Para rugosidade, não houve diferença estatisticamente significante entre as substâncias analisadas (p>0,0005). Além disso, não houve diferença estatística entre as substâncias e o tempo de imersão (p <0,0001). O pH médio do extrato hidroetanólico de cajá e clorexidina 0,12% was de 2,95 e 6,5, respectivamente. CONCLUSÃO: O pH do extrato de S.mombin L. é ácido e da clorexidina é neutro. A molhabilidade do extrato hidroetanólico de cajá foi bom tanto quanto a clorexidina. A cor dos fragmentos dentários foi alterada após o protocolo de imersão no extrato hidroetanólico de cajá e clorexidina 0,12%. A rugosidade dos fragmentos dentários analisados se manteve inalterada após o protocolo de imersão nas diferentes soluções testadas. O exame de microscopia eletrônica de varredura mostrou que não houve diferença na superfície do esmalte entre as soluções testadas (AU).

INTRODUCTION: The study of phytotherapy in the prevention and treatment of diseases stimulated the research with medicinal plants in Dentistry. Among these plants, the species Spondia mombin stands out for the availability of raw material and a broad spectrum of pharmacological actions that include antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory, cicatrizant and antioxidant activities. OBJECTIVE: To investigate tooth surface changes regarding cajá (Spondias mombin L.) extract. METHOD: The cashew extract was prepared in its dilution1:16=31,25 mg/ml. Thirty human teeth were sectioned (6.0 x 6.0 mm) preserving the proximal surfaces. Dental fragments were randomly divided into 3 groups (n =10 per group) according to the substances: hydroethanolic extract (31,25 mg/ml), 0.12% chlorhexidine and distilled water. Each fragment was immersed in the respective substance for 1 minute, twice daily for 14 days. Before and after the immersion, color analysis, wettability, roughness (Ra) and morphology as well as the pH levels of the substances were investigated. Data were analyzed statistically by means of ANOVA (one and two factors) and Tukey test for multiple comparisons. RESULTS: There was a statistically significant difference between color in the groups. Cajá extract and 0.12% chlorhexidine presented significant differences (p <0.001), while distilled water showed no statistical differences (p> 0.005). Regarding wettability, there was no statistically significant difference between Cajá extract (p>0.005), 0.12% chlorhexidine, and distilled water (p>0.005). For roughnes, there was no statistically significant difference between the analyzed substances (p>0.0005). In addition, there was no statistically significant difference between the substances and immersion time (p <0.0001). The mean pH of the hydroethanolic extract of cajá and 0.12% chlorhexidine is 2.95 and 6.5, respectively. CONCLUSION: pH of the extract of S.mombin L. is acid of the chlorhexidine is neutral. The wettability of the hydroethanolic extract of cajá was as good as 0.12% chlorhexidine. Color changes were observed after the immersion in hydroethanolic extract of cajá and 0.12% chlorhexidine. Roughness of the analyzed dental fragments remained unchanged after the immersion protocols. Scanning electron microscopy showed no difference in the enamel surface between the solutions tested (AU).