ABSTRACT
Introducción: Un alto porcentaje de pacientes registrados en la base de datos de la farmacia mostraron sobrepeso asociado a malas prácticas alimentarias. Por ello, nos propusimos instaurar un servicio de nutrición para contribuir a mejorar sus hábitos nutricionales. Material y métodos: Durante noviembre-diciembre 2014, se impartieron charlas explicativas y se publicitó el servicio entre los usuarios. En enero de 2015 se inauguró la consulta. Con los datos registrados durante el primer año, a través de entrevistas personalizadas, se realizó un estudio observacional-descriptivo y longitudinal, analizando los hábitos alimentarios del paciente, sus parámetros antropométricos: índice de masa corporal (IMC) y perímetro de la cintura (PC) y clínicos: presión arterial (PA), así como su evolución en controles sucesivos. Resultados: La muestra (n=77, 25-64 años), 66 mujeres (85,7%) y 11 varones (14,3%), presentaba un IMC=33,2±5,6 kg/m2 y un PC=97,2±13,9 cm. El 24,1% mostró sobrepeso, el 57,5% algún tipo de obesidad (I o II) y el 11,5% obesidad mórbida (IMC>40). Ansiedad, estreñimiento y enfermedades del tiroides predominaron entre las mujeres (56,6%, 38,2% y 19,7%) y la HTA en los varones (54,5% p<0,05); no hubo diferencia en el porcentaje de dislipémicos (27,3% y 27,6%), diabéticos (9,1% y 6,6%) ni fumadores (18,2% y 15,8%), pero sí entre los consumidores de bebidas alcohólicas (63,6% hombres y 36,8% mujeres, p<0,05). Una mayoría de entrevistados reconocieron no realizar ejercicio físico Se registraron 8,6±5,5 visitas/paciente consiguiéndose una pérdida de 4,5±3,8 kg de peso, 1,7±1,5 kg/m2 de IMC (p<0,05) y 4,8±3,8 cm de PC (p<0.05). El 71,4% de ellos alcanzaron los objetivos de peso propuestos. Algunos aceptaron adherirse a otros servicios de la farmacia: seguimiento farmacoterapéutico (SFT) (5%) y prevención de riesgo cardiovascular (RCV) (6%). Conclusiones: Después de un año, el servicio está claramente instaurado, ha beneficiado a gran parte de sus usuarios y ha permitido algunas derivaciones a otros servicios farmacéuticos (AU)
Introduction: A high percentage of patients registered in the database of a pharmacy in Seville (Spain) were overweight, in association with poor dietary practices. In order to help improving their health status, we undertook the implementation of a nutrition service. Materials and methods: During the months of November-December 2014, the service was publicized, and explanatory talks were given. The service was inaugurated in January 2015. With the data recorded between January 2015 and January 2016, based on personalized interviews, we made an observational-descriptive and longitudinal study, analyzing the nutritional habits of the patient, their anthropometric parameters (Body Mass Index, BMI and waist circumference, WC) and clinical parameters (Blood Pressure, BP), controlling them in successive visits. Results: The sample (n = 77, 25-64 years), 66 women (85.7%) and 11 men (14.3%) had a BMI= 33.2 ±5.6 kg/m2 and a BW = 97.2±13.9 cm. 24.1% were overweight, 57.5% presented some type of obesity (I or II), and 11.5% were morbidly obese (BMI> 40). Anxiety, constipation and thyroid diseases predominated among women (56.6%, 38.2% and 19.7%) and HTA in males (54.5% p <0.05); there were no differences in the percentage of dyslipemics (27.3% and 27.6%), diabetics (9.1% and 6.6%) or smokers (18.2% and 15.8%), but there was in the percentage of consumers of alcoholic beverages (63.6% men and 36.8% women, p<0.05). A majority of interviewees admitted not to do exercise. We registered 8.6±5.5 visits/year/patient, achieving a loss of 4.5±3.8 kg of weight, 1.7±1.5 kg/m2 of BMI (p<0.05) and 4.8±3.8 cm WC (p<0.05). 71.4% of the patients reached the proposed weight goals. Some of them agreed to join other pharmacy services: pharmacotherapeutic follow-up (PF) (5%) and cardiovascular risk (CVR) prevention (6%). Conclusions: After a year, the service is clearly established, has benefited a large part of its users and has allowed some referrals to other pharmaceutical services (AU)
Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adolescent , Young Adult , Adult , Middle Aged , Aged , Food Service, Hospital/organization & administration , Food Service, Hospital/standards , Pharmacies/organization & administration , Diet Therapy/methods , Dietary Services/organization & administration , Exercise/physiology , Community Pharmacy Services/organization & administration , Pharmaceutical Services/organization & administration , Pharmaceutical Services/standards , Dietetics/methods , Longitudinal Studies , Body Mass IndexABSTRACT
We describe the temporal distribution of intertidal macrozoobenthic assemblages in a small marsh pond of the Lagoon of Venice colonized by the seagrass Nanozostera noltii (Hornemman) Tomlinson et Posluzny. Three stations ranging in the degree of N. noltii cover were selected about 100 m apart and sampled 9 times at regular intervals from March 1996 to March 1997. We applied the concepts of resistance and resilience to "natural stress" (e.g. extent of protection from seagrass meadows, exposure of macrozoobenthic assemblages to high temperatures in summer) with the aim to assess the stability of a community along a gradient of seagrass coverage. Results showed that the most structured and taxa-rich macrozoobenthic assemblage occurred at the station covered by a continuous stand of N. noltii, where permanent taxa (i.e. found in 100% of samples) were almost double than those found at the other stations. During the annual cycle, the macrozoobenthic assemblages showed a cyclical pattern, with temporal fluctuations increasing as they moved further away from the seagrass beds. We propose the role of N. noltii offering structural complexity and stability as the more probable explanation to the observed differences between stations in the intertidal assemblages.
Subject(s)
Aquatic Organisms/physiology , Biodiversity , Italy , Oceans and Seas , Seasons , Zosteraceae/growth & developmentABSTRACT
The southern basin of the Venice Lagoon has been the focus of fewer studies concerning contamination from heavy metals than the northern and central basins. A recent increase in urban waste waters from Chioggia town, as well as dockyards, shipping and fishing activities, affect this part of the lagoon. The aim of this study was to investigate the total mercury (THg) incidence in sediments and Nassarius reticulatus gastropods in order to assess its distribution and evaluate the level of contamination. THg concentration measured in bottom sediments ranged between 0.1 and 3.4 mg/kg d. wt. The enrichment factor (EF) showed high values (avg. 30, max 49) near the dockyards of Chioggia; the lowest (avg. 9, max 17) were found in the coastal marine sediments near the port entrance of the southern basin. THg in marine scavenger gastropods accumulated in N. reticulatus with concentrations falling within the range of 0.3-1.3 mg/kg d. wt. A positive correlation was found between THg concentration in sediments and in N. reticulatus in all sites, excluding the dockyards. A first local cause for mercury pollution might be attributed to the antifouling paints used in great quantity in the recent past near the town of Chioggia. Moreover, fine suspended sediments associated with tidal flushing are suggested as possibly being the vehicle for pollutant dispersal from the Marghera industrial area to the whole of Venice's lagoon.
