ABSTRACT
PURPOSE: Non-invasive treatment of root caries lesions (RCLs) may impact oral health-related quality of life (OHRQoL), but no evidence is available. The purpose of the study was to assess changes in OHRQoL among patients exposed to non-invasive treatment of RCLs with conventional or high-fluoride dentifrices. METHODS: To be eligible, subjects had to be ≥60 years of age, independently living, with at least five teeth and one RCL. The 14-item Oral Health Impact Profile for adults in Spanish (OHIP-14Sp), oral examination and sociodemographic data were documented at the beginning of the study (T0). The presence and activity of RCLs were detected and diagnosed. Subjects were randomly assigned to either the control (1,450 ppm fluoride) or the experimental (5,000 ppm fluoride) treatment group. A new set of measurements was obtained at 12 months (T1). Mean comparisons were carried out using the Student's t-test for total OHIP-14Sp scores. To determine whether T1 OHRQoL scores were different regarding sex, age, educational level and socio-economic status, mean OHIP-14Sp scores were obtained and compared with those variables at 12 months. RESULTS: An overall improvement in OHRQoL after the non-invasive treatment of RCLs was verified when T1 was compared with T0 (P < 0.0001). Regarding treatment type, no significant differences were detected between groups (P = 0.114). Subjects with higher income and more years of formal education had better OHRQoL than those with a lower salary (P < 0.0001) and with fewer years of education (P = 0.0006). CONCLUSIONS: Non-invasive treatment for RCLs in community-dwelling elders appears to cause a positive impact on OHRQoL. Better OHRQoL was associated with higher socio-economic status and educational level. No significant differences were detected regarding the fluoride concentration in the dentifrices.
Subject(s)
Fluorides/administration & dosage , Independent Living , Oral Health , Quality of Life , Root Caries/prevention & control , Toothpastes/administration & dosage , Aged , Dental Health Surveys , Economic Status , Educational Status , Female , Humans , Longitudinal Studies , Male , Middle Aged , Self AdministrationABSTRACT
Introducción: la tomografía computarizada de haz cónico en odontología es de reciente introducción en Chile y no existe información acerca de su uso en poblaciones jóvenes. Desde el punto de vista de la protección radiológica, su uso es de especial preocupación en estos grupos, debido a su mayor susceptibilidad a las radiaciones ionizantes. Objetivos: determinar las indicaciones y parámetros de exposición de la tomografía computarizada de haz cónico en menores de 25 años atendidos en un periodo de 12 meses en un centro privado de radiología maxilofacial de Talca, Chile. Métodos: estudio observacional descriptivo de corte transversal. Se recolectaron datos de 240 exámenes. Se registraron los parámetros de exposición usados por un equipo SkyView (MyRay, Imola, Italia) y las indicaciones clínicas para cada examen. El procesamiento de los datos se realizó mediante estadística descriptiva, y se utilizó la prueba de Fisher. Resultados: la principal indicación fue localización de piezas dentarias (46 por ciento), seguido por planificación de exodoncia de terceros molares (25 por ciento), planificación de implantes (7,1 por ciento) y articulación temporomandibular (6 por ciento). En todos los grupos etarios el campo de visión pequeño fue el más usado (81 por ciento). El producto miliamperaje-tiempo fue 100,7 mAs en pre-escolares/niños, y 110,1-110,9 mAs en adolescentes y adultos jóvenes. La dosis efectiva fue 52,4 µSv en pre-escolares/niños y 62,1 µSv en adolescentes y adultos jóvenes. El 100 por ciento de los exámenes usó rotación parcial. El 96 porciento de las indicaciones concordó con lo señalado por las Guías Nº172 de la Comisión Europea. Conclusiones: las principales indicaciones en orden decreciente fueron localización de piezas dentarias, planificación de exodoncia de terceros molares, planificación de implantes y articulación temporomandibular. El campo de visión pequeño fue el más usado. La rotación total se encontró en todos los casos. No se encontró diferencias significativas en el uso del producto miliamperaje-tiempo y dosis efectiva entre los distintos grupos estudiados(AU)
Introduction: dental cone-beam computed tomography is a technology of recent introduction in Chile and there is no information regarding its use in young populations. From the point of view of radiation protection, its use with young patients is particularly worrisome, due to their greater susceptibility to ionizing radiation. Objective: determine the indications and exposure parameters of cone-beam computed tomography in patients under 25 years of age cared for in a 12-month period at a private maxillofacial radiology center in Talca, Chile. Methods: a observational descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted. Data were collected from 240 examinations. The exposure parameters used by a SkyView set (MyRay, Imola, Italy) were recorded, and note was taken of the clinical indications for each test. Data were processed by descriptive statistics using Fisher's test. Results: the main indication was tooth location (46 percent), followed by planning of third molar extraction (25 percent), implant planning (7.1 percent) and temporomandibular joint (6 percent). The small field of view was the most commonly used in all age groups (81 percent). The milliampere-time product was 100.7 mAs for preschool children and 110.1-110.9 mAs for adolescents and young adults. The effective dose was 52.4 µSv for preschool children and 62.1 µSv for adolescents and young adults. Partial rotation was used in 100 percent of the tests. 96 percent of the indications complied with Guideline No 172 of the European Commission. Conclusions: the main indications were tooth location, planning of third molar extraction, implant planning and temporomandibular joint, in that order. The small field of view was the most commonly used. Total rotation was found in all cases. Milliampere-time product and effective dose did not show any significant differences between the age groups studied(AU)
Subject(s)
Humans , Child, Preschool , Child , Adolescent , Adult , Cone-Beam Computed Tomography/statistics & numerical data , Data Collection/methods , Radiotherapy Dosage , Cross-Sectional Studies , Epidemiology, Descriptive , Observational StudyABSTRACT
Introducción: la tomografía computarizada de haz cónico en odontología es de reciente introducción en Chile y no existe información acerca de su uso en poblaciones jóvenes. Desde el punto de vista de la protección radiológica, su uso es de especial preocupación en estos grupos, debido a su mayor susceptibilidad a las radiaciones ionizantes. Objetivos: determinar las indicaciones y parámetros de exposición de la tomografía computarizada de haz cónico en menores de 25 años atendidos en un periodo de 12 meses en un centro privado de radiología maxilofacial de Talca, Chile. Métodos: estudio observacional descriptivo de corte transversal. Se recolectaron datos de 240 exámenes. Se registraron los parámetros de exposición usados por un equipo SkyView (MyRay, Imola, Italia) y las indicaciones clínicas para cada examen. El procesamiento de los datos se realizó mediante estadística descriptiva, y se utilizó la prueba de Fisher. Resultados: la principal indicación fue localización de piezas dentarias (46 por ciento), seguido por planificación de exodoncia de terceros molares (25 por ciento), planificación de implantes (7,1 por ciento) y articulación temporomandibular (6 por ciento). En todos los grupos etarios el campo de visión pequeño fue el más usado (81 por ciento). El producto miliamperaje-tiempo fue 100,7 mAs en pre-escolares/niños, y 110,1-110,9 mAs en adolescentes y adultos jóvenes. La dosis efectiva fue 52,4 µSv en pre-escolares/niños y 62,1 µSv en adolescentes y adultos jóvenes. El 100 por ciento de los exámenes usó rotación parcial. El 96 porciento de las indicaciones concordó con lo señalado por las Guías Nº172 de la Comisión Europea. Conclusiones: las principales indicaciones en orden decreciente fueron localización de piezas dentarias, planificación de exodoncia de terceros molares, planificación de implantes y articulación temporomandibular. El campo de visión pequeño fue el más usado. La rotación total se encontró en todos los casos. No se encontró diferencias significativas en el uso del producto miliamperaje-tiempo y dosis efectiva entre los distintos grupos estudiados(AU)
Introduction: dental cone-beam computed tomography is a technology of recent introduction in Chile and there is no information regarding its use in young populations. From the point of view of radiation protection, its use with young patients is particularly worrisome, due to their greater susceptibility to ionizing radiation. Objective: determine the indications and exposure parameters of cone-beam computed tomography in patients under 25 years of age cared for in a 12-month period at a private maxillofacial radiology center in Talca, Chile. Methods: a observational descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted. Data were collected from 240 examinations. The exposure parameters used by a SkyView set (MyRay, Imola, Italy) were recorded, and note was taken of the clinical indications for each test. Data were processed by descriptive statistics using Fisher's test. Results: the main indication was tooth location (46 percent), followed by planning of third molar extraction (25 percent), implant planning (7.1 percent) and temporomandibular joint (6 percent). The small field of view was the most commonly used in all age groups (81 percent). The milliampere-time product was 100.7 mAs for preschool children and 110.1-110.9 mAs for adolescents and young adults. The effective dose was 52.4 µSv for preschool children and 62.1 µSv for adolescents and young adults. Partial rotation was used in 100 percent of the tests. 96 percent of the indications complied with Guideline No 172 of the European Commission. Conclusions: the main indications were tooth location, planning of third molar extraction, implant planning and temporomandibular joint, in that order. The small field of view was the most commonly used. Total rotation was found in all cases. Milliampere-time product and effective dose did not show any significant differences between the age groups studied(AU)
Subject(s)
Humans , Child, Preschool , Child , Adolescent , Adult , Cone-Beam Computed Tomography/statistics & numerical data , Data Collection/methods , Radiotherapy Dosage , Cross-Sectional Studies , Epidemiology, Descriptive , Observational StudyABSTRACT
AIM: The aim of the present study was to develop and validate an ultra-short Spanish version of the Oral Health Impact Profile (OHIP) in an elderly Chilean population. METHODS: The OHIP-49Sp was applied to 490 older adults, and the seven questions with the higher impact on oral health-related quality of life were selected through linear regression. These items were applied to 85 older adults to test internal consistency (Cronbach's alpha). A discriminative validity analysis was carried out along with the assessment of sociodemographic and clinical variables. Data were analyzed using the Mann-Whitney U-test, Student's t-test and one-way anova tests with a 95% confidence level. RESULTS: High internal consistency values were obtained for the OHIP-7Sp instrument (0.93). There was an association between the OHIP-7Sp scores and the presence of caries, need for complex periodontal treatment, prosthetic needs, and age younger than 70 years. CONCLUSION: The OHIP-7Sp proved to be a consistent and valid tool to assess oral health-related quality of life in Chilean older adults, and can be incorporated in epidemiological studies that include several other targets. Geriatr Gerontol Int 2017; 17: 277-285.
Subject(s)
Oral Health , Quality of Life , Aged , Chile , Cross-Sectional Studies , Female , Health Surveys , Humans , Male , Needs Assessment , Reproducibility of Results , Retrospective StudiesABSTRACT
OBJECTIVE: To validate the Spanish version of the OHIP-49 among elderly population. BACKGROUND: Oral health, as a predictor of quality of life, can be evaluated using validated instruments. One of the most commonly used instruments worldwide is the Oral Health Impact Profile-49 (OHIP-49). This instrument has not yet been validated in Chilean older adults. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Interviews and clinical exams were performed in a convenience sample of eighty-five elderly participants aged 60 or more years (mean 69.02 ± 7.82 years). Socio-demographic and clinical variables were analysed: number of teeth, caries, periodontal and prosthetic treatment needs and prosthetic functionality. RESULTS: High internal consistency values were obtained for both the OHIP-49 Sp instrument (0.990) and all of its dimensions (0.875-0.995). The average score of the OHIP-49 Sp was 62.54 ± 43.73. Significantly higher OHIP-49 Sp scores were observed in participants with caries (p = 0.01), in those needing complex periodontal treatment (p = 0.0001) and those in need of dental prostheses (p ≤ 0.0001). CONCLUSION: The OHIP-49 Sp proved to be a valid tool to assess oral health-related quality of life, when tested in Chilean older adults.
Subject(s)
Oral Health , Quality of Life , Age Factors , Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Chile , Dental Care , Dental Caries , Dental Health Surveys , Dental Prosthesis , Dentures , Educational Status , Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Mouth, Edentulous , Oral Health/standards , Reproducibility of ResultsABSTRACT
OBJECTIVE: To explore the ageing stereotypes held by health students and faculty members in three health science schools in Chile. METHODS: This cross-sectional study surveyed 284 students and faculty members from the dental, physical therapy and speech therapy schools of the University of Talca, Chile. A validated 15-question questionnaire about negative stereotypes was used (CENVE). The questions were divided into three categories: (i) health, (ii) social factors and motivation and (iii) character and personality. The scores for each category were grouped into the following categories: (i) positive, (ii) neutral and (iii) negative. Negative stereotypes were compared across genders, socio-economic status levels, classes, positions (student or faculty member) and schools. RESULTS: The majority of the participants held neutral stereotypes towards ageing, followed by positive perceptions. No differences were detected between the genders, schools or classes. While most of the students had neutral perceptions about ageing, the faculty's perceptions were rather positive (p = 0.0182). In addition, people of lower-middle socio-economic status held more positive stereotypes about ageing than the participants of high and middle status (p = 0.0496). CONCLUSION: Stereotypes about ageing held by health-related students and faculty members appear to be rather neutral. The stereotypes seem to be better among students with some clinical experience, students of lower socio-economic status and faculty members.
Subject(s)
Ageism/psychology , Attitude of Health Personnel , Faculty/psychology , Stereotyping , Students/psychology , Adult , Age Factors , Chile , Cross-Sectional Studies , Dentistry , Faculty, Medical , Female , Humans , Male , Physical Therapy Specialty , Professional Competence , Schools, Medical , Sex Factors , Speech TherapyABSTRACT
BACKGROUND: The OHIP-49 is widely used to assess oral health-related quality of life, but its length makes it time-consuming and difficult to use. An abbreviated version of the OHIP-49 with fourteen items has been validated for older adults, but not in Chile. The aim was to develop and validate the Spanish version of the OHIP-14 in an elderly Chilean population. METHODS: Two studies were conducted; a cross sectional to develop and a retrospective study to validate the OHIP-14Sp. The OHIP-49Sp was applied to 490 older adults and the fourteen questions with the higher impact on oral health-related quality of life were selected through linear regression. These items were applied on a retrospective dataset of 85 older adults to test internal consistency (Cronbach's alpha). A discriminative validity analysis was performed along with the assessment of sociodemographic (age and gender, educational level) and clinical variables (number of teeth, caries lesions, CPITN, prosthetic needs and prosthetic functionality). Data were analyzed using Mann-Whitney U, Student's t and one-way ANOVA tests with a 95% confidence level and finally were analyzed by a Multivariate Logistic Regression Model. RESULTS: High internal consistency values were obtained for the OHIP-14Sp instrument (0.91). There was an association between the OHIP-14Sp scores and the presence of caries (p = 0.003), need for complex periodontal treatment (p = 0.002), prosthetic needs (p < 0.0001) and age younger than 70 years-old (p < 0.0001). Subjects with periodontal treatment need were more likely to report reduced oral health-related quality of life (PR = 2.10). CONCLUSIONS: The OHIP-14Sp proved to be a consistent and valid tool to assess oral health-related quality of life when tested in Chilean older adults.
