ABSTRACT
INTRODUCTION: Primary peritonitis is rare condition in children previously healthy. It is often related to cirrosis and kidney disease or peritoneal dyalisis. The diagnosis must be made at laparotomy in the absence of intraabdominal findings and positive cultures of peritoneal fluids. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Two cases were studied. Both cases were diagnosed during surgery and had positive cultures for streptococcus pneumaniae, recovery was rapid with broad-spectrum antibiotic therapy in peritonitis caused by gram positives cocos. CONCLUSION: Recent reports indicate an increase of primary peritonitis caused by gram negative organims specially by neumococo. It seems to be a rising of the pathology since the massive antineumococcical vaccinacion. The prognosis has improved with the correct therapy but its incidence appears unvarying.
