[The perception of risk among police officers from different areas of the State of Rio de Janeiro]. / Percepção do risco entre policiais civis de diferentes territórios do Estado do Rio de Janeiro.

This article seeks to identify the perception of risk among police officers in the State of Rio de Janeiro based on their areas of operation: Capital, Interior and Baixada Fluminense (BF), by analyzing comparative victimization. It is a transversal study using the triangulation method. The quantitative research investigated 533 police officers in the Capital, 159 in the Interior and 222 in the BF; the qualitative approach included interviews with 17 police chiefs and 15 focus groups in the three areas. The results indicate that risk perceptions of officers, and the strategies used to minimize them are characteristics that unite them. Despite its universal nature, risk has differentiated gradations in relation to function and territory of operation. In the Capital there is greater exposure to the risk of confrontation with criminals, less respect for the police from the population, though there is greater operational support from the corporation. Contrary to perception, victimization is related to the territory: 67.8% of police officers were victimized in the Capital last year; 13.7% in the Interior; and 9.7% in the BF. The expectation is that the analyses will provide input for management of technical support and health assistance for police officers, considering the specificities of work in the different areas.

[Consumption of licit and illicit substances by police officers in the city of Rio de Janeiro]. / Consumo de substâncias lícitas e ilícitas por policiais da cidade do Rio de Janeiro.

The consumption of psychoactive substances by civil and military police of the city of Rio de Janeiro was investigated. Data was gathered from two cross-sectional studies on a questionnaire on work and health conditions given to a sample from the two corporations. The results show higher frequencies of regular consumption of tobacco (23.3% by civil police and 19.1% by military police), daily use of alcohol (12% by civil police and 11% by military police) and tranquilizers in the past year (13.3% by civil police and 10.1% by military police). The consumption of marijuana among officers was 0.1% by civil police and 1.1% by military police, and cocaine use among the military police was 1.1%. Alcohol consumption proved to be intense and causes problems at work and in the social and family relationships of these officers. The need for preventive policies for addiction and the possible underestimation of information on illicit substances is emphasized.

Percepção do risco entre policiais civis de diferentes territórios do Estado do Rio de Janeiro / The perception of risk among police officers from different areas of the State of Rio de Janeiro

Objetiva-se identificar a percepção de risco dos policiais civis do Estado do Rio de Janeiro a partir de suas áreas de atuação: Capital, Interior e Baixada Fluminense, analisando de forma comparativa a vitimização desses policiais. Trata-se de um estudo transversal que usou a triangulação de métodos. A pesquisa quantitativa investigou 533 policiais na Capital; 159 no Interior e 222 na Baixada Fluminense; a abordagem qualitativa contou com 17 entrevistas com delegados e 15 grupos focais nas três áreas. Os resultados indicam que as percepções de risco dos policiais e as estratégias que usam para minimizá-los são características que os unem. Apesar do seu caráter universal o risco ganha gradientes diferenciados em relação à função e ao território de atuação. Na Capital estão mais expostos ao risco pelo maior confronto com a criminalidade, menor valorização do policial pela população, mas por outro lado, nessa área existe maior apoio operacional da corporação. Ao contrário da percepção, a vitimização está relacionada ao território de ação: 67,8% dos policiais da Capital, 13,7% da Baixada e 9,7% do Interior foram vitimizados no último ano. Espera-se que as análises subsidiem a gestão para o apoio técnico e a assistência à saúde dos policiais, considerando as especificidades do trabalho nos diversos territórios.

This article seeks to identify the perception of risk among police officers in the State of Rio de Janeiro based on their areas of operation: Capital, Interior and Baixada Fluminense (BF), by analyzing comparative victimization. It is a transversal study using the triangulation method. The quantitative research investigated 533 police officers in the Capital, 159 in the Interior and 222 in the BF; the qualitative approach included interviews with 17 police chiefs and 15 focus groups in the three areas. The results indicate that risk perceptions of officers, and the strategies used to minimize them are characteristics that unite them. Despite its universal nature, risk has differentiated gradations in relation to function and territory of operation. In the Capital there is greater exposure to the risk of confrontation with criminals, less respect for the police from the population, though there is greater operational support from the corporation. Contrary to perception, victimization is related to the territory: 67.8% of police officers were victimized in the Capital last year; 13.7% in the Interior; and 9.7% in the BF. The expectation is that the analyses will provide input for management of technical support and health assistance for police officers, considering the specificities of work in the different areas.

Consumo de substâncias lícitas e ilícitas por policiais da cidade do Rio de Janeiro / Consumption of licit and illicit substances by police officers in the city of Rio de Janeiro

Investiga-se o consumo de substâncias psicoativas entre policiais civis e militares da cidade do Rio de Janeiro. Os dados provêm de dois estudos seccionais sobre condições de trabalho e saúde que aplicaram questionário a amostra representativa das duas corporações. Os resultados mostram maiores frequências de consumo regular de tabaco (23,3% dos civis versus 19,1% dos militares), de uso diário de bebida alcoólica (12% dos civis versus 11% dos militares) e de tranquilizantes no último ano (13,3% dos civis e 10,1% dos militares). O consumo de maconha envolveu 0,1% dos policiais civis e 1,1% dos militares, e o uso de cocaína entre os militares foi de 1,1%. O consumo de álcool apresentou-se intenso e acarretando problemas no trabalho e nas relações sociais e familiares destes policiais. Ressalta-se a necessidade de políticas públicas preventivas às adicções e a possível subestimação das informações sobre as substâncias ilícitas.

The consumption of psychoactive substances by civil and military police of the city of Rio de Janeiro was investigated. Data was gathered from two cross-sectional studies on a questionnaire on work and health conditions given to a sample from the two corporations. The results show higher frequencies of regular consumption of tobacco (23.3% by civil police and 19.1% by military police), daily use of alcohol (12% by civil police and 11% by military police) and tranquilizers in the past year (13.3% by civil police and 10.1% by military police). The consumption of marijuana among officers was 0.1% by civil police and 1.1% by military police, and cocaine use among the military police was 1.1%. Alcohol consumption proved to be intense and causes problems at work and in the social and family relationships of these officers. The need for preventive policies for addiction and the possible underestimation of information on illicit substances is emphasized.

Morbimortalidade de homens jovens brasileiros por agressão: expressão dos diferenciais de gênero / Morbidity and mortality of young Brazilian men due to aggression: expression of gender differentials

Analisa-se a mortalidade, internação hospitalar e atendimentos de emergência por agressão no Brasil, de 1996 a 2007. As fontes dos dados são o Sistema de Informação sobre Mortalidade/SIM, o Sistema de Informação Hospitalar/SIH e o Sistema de Vigilância das Violências e Acidentes/VIVA, do Ministério da Saúde. Focaliza-se o sexo masculino e a faixa dos 15 aos 29 anos, além de outras variáveis referentes à vítima, ao agressor e ao evento. Encontram-se relações homem/mulher que são 11,6 vezes maiores na mortalidade, 4,5 vezes na internação e 2,8 vezes no atendimento de emergência. Em 2007, a taxa de mortalidade de homens de 15 a 29 anos foi 92,8/100.000 habitantes. As regiões Sudeste e Nordeste do país apresentam as maiores incidências e prevalências. Conclui-se destacando que o diferencial das taxas homem/mulher ocorre a partir da adolescência, se intensifica na idade adulta jovem e, embora perca intensidade, permanece até o final da vida. Recorre-se a modelos culturais de gênero, além de aspectos socioestruturais para explicar tão marcadas diferenças.

Mortality, hospitalization and emergency attendance visits for assault in Brazil, from 1996 to 2007 were analyzed. The data sources are the Mortality Information System/SIM, the Hospital Information System/SIH and the Surveillance System of Violence and Injuries/VIVA of the Ministry of Health. It was focused on males in the 15 to 29 year-old age group, and other variables related to the victim, the aggressor and the event. The male/ woman distribution was 11.6 times higher for mortality, 4.5 times for hospitalization and 2.8 times for hospital emergency treatment. In 2007 the rate of 15 to 29 year-old men was 92.8/100,000 inhabitants. The Southeast and Northeast have the highest incidence and prevalence. The conclusion was that the male/female differential rates occurs during adolescence, intensifies in early adulthood, and despite decreasing in intensity, continues until death. Cultural gender models and socio-structural aspects were examined to explain such marked differences.

[Morbidity and mortality of young Brazilian men due to aggression: expression of gender differentials]. / Morbimortalidade de homens jovens brasileiros por agressão: expressão dos diferenciais de gênero.

Mortality, hospitalization and emergency attendance visits for assault in Brazil, from 1996 to 2007 were analyzed. The data sources are the Mortality Information System/SIM, the Hospital Information System/SIH and the Surveillance System of Violence and Injuries/VIVA of the Ministry of Health. It was focused on males in the 15 to 29 year-old age group, and other variables related to the victim, the aggressor and the event. The male/ woman distribution was 11.6 times higher for mortality, 4.5 times for hospitalization and 2.8 times for hospital emergency treatment. In 2007 the rate of 15 to 29 year-old men was 92.8/100,000 inhabitants. The Southeast and Northeast have the highest incidence and prevalence. The conclusion was that the male/female differential rates occurs during adolescence, intensifies in early adulthood, and despite decreasing in intensity, continues until death. Cultural gender models and socio-structural aspects were examined to explain such marked differences.

[Construction of indicators for assessing the policy of reducing accidents and violence for the elderly care]. / Construção de indicadores avaliativos de políticas de atenção à saúde da pessoa idosa vítima de acidentes e violência.

The follow article presents the methodology used to construct indicators to assess the implementation of the National Policy of Mortality Reduction by Accidents and Violence, of public health policies aimed at the elderly and the Mental Health Policy developed in the research entitled Diagnostic Analysis of Local Health Systems to Meet the Problems Caused by Accidents and Violence against Elderly. These indicators were applied in health services that meet elderly victims of accidents and violence in five Brazilian cities: Brasília, Curitiba, Manaus, Recife and Rio de Janeiro. It started with 124 indicatives to assistance level pre-hospital, hospital, rehabilitation and CAPS. There was a selection phase where indicatives without discriminatory capability were eliminated. It was also decided by the relaxation of some criteria are creating new categories. After this step, a group of the experts validate the questionnaires created with these indicators by using Nominal Technical Group. We performed the Kruskal-Wallis test and a graphical analysis. In the final round, the indicators were grouped by similarity, building synthetic indices, 60 indicatives left. These methods can be used in other organizations to evaluate and adjust their health care based on public policies.

Construção de indicadores avaliativos de políticas de atenção à saúde da pessoa idosa vítima de acidentes e violência / Construction of indicators for assessing the policy of reducing accidents and violence for the elderly care

O presente artigo apresenta a metodologia de construção de indicadores avaliativos da implantação da Política Nacional de Redução da Morbimortalidade por Acidentes e Violências, das políticas de saúde dirigidas ao idoso e de Saúde Mental foco da pesquisa Análise Diagnóstica de Sistemas Locais de Saúde para Atender aos Agravos Provocados por Acidentes e Violências contra Idosos. Esses indicadores foram aplicados em serviços de saúde que atendem idosos vítimas de acidentes e violência em cinco capitais brasileiras: Brasília, Curitiba, Manaus, Recife e Rio de Janeiro. Inicialmente, foram criados 124 indicadores para os níveis de atendimento pré-hospitalar, hospitalar, reabilitação e Centros de Atenção Psicossocial (CAPS). Um dos critérios de seleção foi eliminar os não discriminantes. Também foram flexibilizados alguns critérios criando-se novas categorizações. Após essa etapa, elaboraram-se questionários que foram repassados a experts para validação por meio da Técnica Grupo Nominal. Realizou-se o teste de Kruskal-Wallis e uma análise gráfica. Na rodada final, os indicadores foram aglutinados por semelhança construindo índices, restando sessenta indicadores. Essas ferramentas podem ser utilizadas em outras unidades para avaliar e adequar seu atendimento ao cumprimento dessas políticas públicas de saúde.

The follow article presents the methodology used to construct indicators to assess the implementation of the National Policy of Mortality Reduction by Accidents and Violence, of public health policies aimed at the elderly and the Mental Health Policy developed in the research entitled Diagnostic Analysis of Local Health Systems to Meet the Problems Caused by Accidents and Violence against Elderly. These indicators were applied in health services that meet elderly victims of accidents and violence in five Brazilian cities: Brasília, Curitiba, Manaus, Recife and Rio de Janeiro. It started with 124 indicatives to assistance level pre-hospital, hospital, rehabilitation and CAPS. There was a selection phase where indicatives without discriminatory capability were eliminated. It was also decided by the relaxation of some criteria are creating new categories. After this step, a group of the experts validate the questionnaires created with these indicators by using Nominal Technical Group. We performed the Kruskal-Wallis test and a graphical analysis. In the final round, the indicators were grouped by similarity, building synthetic indices, 60 indicatives left. These methods can be used in other organizations to evaluate and adjust their health care based on public policies.

Condições de trabalho, saúde e qualidade de vida dos policiais civis e militares da cidade do Rio de Janeiro: estudo comparativo - Edinilsa Ramos de Souza

'Condições de vida, trabalho e saúde dos policiais do Rio de Janeiro' é o tema de um dos estudos conduzidos pelo Centro Latino-Americano de Estudos de Violência e Saúde Jorge Careli (Claves/ENSP/Fiocruz). O objetivo foi realizar um amplo panorama sobre as condições de trabalho, de saúde e de qualidade de vida de policiais civis e militares atuantes na capital do Estado do Rio de Janeiro. A pesquisadora realizou dois estudos seccionais e utilizou a triangulação de métodos, dando ênfase às abordagens qualitativas e quantitativas para comparar as corporações. O trabalho destacou algumas características que afetam a saúde e a qualidade de vida dos policias. Arquivos disponíveis pra leitura, audição e/ou download nos ícones ao lado.