ABSTRACT
Pulmonary function is usually assessed by measuring Vital Capacity (VC) using equipment such as a spirometer or ventilometer, but these are not always available to the population, as they are relatively expensive tests, difficult to transport and require trained professionals. However, the single breath counting technique (SBCT) appears as a possible alternative to respiratory function tests, to help in the pathophysiological understanding of lung diseases. The objective is to verify the applicability of the SBCT as a parameter for evaluating VC. This is a systematic review registered in the International Prospective Register of Systematic Reviews (CRD42023383706) and used for PubMed®, Scientific Electronic Library Online, LILACS, EMBASE, and Web of Science databases of articles published until January 2023. Methodological quality regarding the risk of bias was assessed using Quality Assessment of Diagnostic Accuracy Studies-2 and National Institutes of Health tools. Eleven of a total of 574 studies were included, of these, nine showed a correlation between VC and SBCT (weak in healthy, moderate in neuromuscular and strong in hospitalized patients). One study of hospitalized patients accurately identified a count value of 21 for a VC of 20 ml kg-1(Sensitivity = 94% and Specificity = 77%), and another estimated a count lower than 41 for a VC below 80% of predicted in patients with neuromuscular dystrophy (Sensitivity = 89% and Specificity = 62%), and another showed good intra and inter-examiner reproducibility in young, adult, and elderly populations. A meta-analysis of three studies showed a moderate correlation in subjects with neuromuscular diseases (r= 0.62, 95% CI = 0.52-0.71,p< 0.01). A high risk of bias was identified regarding the justification of the sample size and blinding of the evaluators. SBCT has been presented as an alternative to assess VC in the absence of specific equipment. There is a clear relationship between SBCT and VC, especially in neuromuscular and hospitalized individuals. New validation studies conducted with greater control of potential bias risks are necessary.
Subject(s)
Breath Tests , Lung , United States , Adult , Humans , Aged , Reproducibility of Results , Vital Capacity/physiology , SpirometryABSTRACT
Abstract The aim of this study was to analyze the association between body composition and performance in the karate specific aerobic test (KSAT). This is a study carried out with thirteen athletes (6 females) with a mean age of 20.7 ± 4.2 years, affiliated to the Pernambuco Federation of Karate Associations, were developing this training routine during the 2018 season. Body mass and height were measured. To measure body composition, the body densitometry method was used by the x-ray double-ray absorptiometry (DEXA) technique. Karate Specific Aerobic Test was used to verify aerobic performance. Association analyzes were performed between body composition variables and KSAT performance using Pearson's correlation test and linear regression. All analyzes adopted a significance of p <0.05. KSAT performance was negatively correlated with total fat mass (r = -0.797; p = 0.001) and fat percentage (r = -0.757; p = 0.003). The linear regression model with the highest explanatory power included total fat and KSAT (adjusted R² = 0.732; p <0.001) exhibited a negative association with total fat (? = -0.21; p <0.001), and the model that included % body fat and KSAT (adjusted R² = 0.708; p = 0.003) were negatively associated with% body fat (? = -22.937; p = 0.001), both adjusted for gender and age. There is a negative association between total fat mass, body fat percentage and karate specific aerobic test performance.
Resumo Objetivou-se analisar a associação entre composição corporal e desempenho no teste aeróbico específico do karatê (KSAT). Trata-se de um estudo realizado com treze atletas (6 mulheres) com idade média de 20,7 ± 4,2 anos, afiliados à Federação das Associações de Karatê de Pernambuco, estavam desenvolvendo essa rotina de treinamento durante a temporada de 2018. A massa corporal e a estatura foram medidas. Para medir a composição corporal, o método de densitometria corporal foi utilizado pela técnica de absorciometria por raios-x duplos (DEXA). Teste aeróbico específico de karatê foi usado para verificar o desempenho aeróbico. As análises de associação foram realizadas entre as variáveis de composição corporal e o desempenho do KSAT usando o teste de correlação de Pearson e regressão linear. Todas as análises adotaram uma significância de p <0,05. O desempenho no KSAT foi negativamente correlacionado com a massa gorda total (r = -0,797; p = 0,001) e o percentual de gordura (r = -0,757; p = 0,003). O modelo de regressão linear com maior poder explicativo incluiu gordura total e KSAT (R² ajustado = 0,732; p <0,001) exibiu associação negativa com gordura total (? = -0,21; p <0,001) e o modelo que incluiu% de gordura corporal e KSAT (R² ajustado = 0,708; p = 0,003) foram associados negativamente com% de gordura corporal (? = -22,937; p = 0,001), ambos ajustados por sexo e idade. Existe uma associação negativa entre a massa gorda total, o percentual de gordura corporal e o desempenho aeróbico específico do karatê.
