ABSTRACT
BACKGROUND: Allergic conjunctivitis is an inflammatory disease which involves the conjunctiva, its physiopathology is a type I hypersensitivity (IgE mediated). It is related to the sensitization to indoors and outdoors aeroallergens. Clinically it is classified as seasonal or perennial. It presents as ocular pruritus, conjunctival hyperemia, epiphora and photophobia. OBJECTIVE: To determine the frequency of sensitization to aeroallergens in patients with allergic conjunctivitis, seasonal and perennial, who attend the Allergy and Clinical Immunology Department at Mexican General Hospital Dr. Eduardo Liceaga. MATERIAL AND METHOD: A transversal and descriptive study was made in patients with seasonal and perennial allergic conjunctivitis. After informed consent, we obtained a complete clinical evaluation, laboratory studies and skin tests for aeroallergens. We determined the frequency of sensitization to those aeroallergens. RESULTS: We found sensitization most frequently to pollens such as Quercus, Alnus and Fraxinus, followed by Dermatophagoides spp. We had predominantly female patients of the second and fourth decades of life. CONCLUSIONS: Allergic conjunctivitis is a pathology frequently associated with allergic rhinitis. The most frequently involved allergens in this study were pollens and house dust mite.
Antecedentes: la conjuntivitis alérgica es una enfermedad inflamatoria que afecta directamente a la conjuntiva, la patogénesis de la conjuntivitis alérgica es predominantemente una reacción de hipersensibilidad tipo I mediada por IgE. Se relaciona principalmente con la sensibilización a aeroalergenos extra e intradomiciliarios. En términos clínicos se clasifica como estacional o perenne. El cuadro clínico consiste en prurito ocular, hiperemia conjuntival, epífora y fotofobia. Objetivo: determinar la frecuencia de sensibilización a aeroalergenos en pacientes con conjuntivitis alérgica estacional o perenne que acuden al Servicio de Alergia e Inmunología Clínica del Hospital General de México. Material y método: estudio transversal y descriptivo efectuado en pacientes con conjuntivitis alérgica estacional o perenne. Previo consentimiento informado, se realizó la historia clínica completa, así como estudios de laboratorio y pruebas cutáneas a aeroalergenos; se determinó la frecuencia de sensibilización a aeroalergenos. Resultados: se encontró con mayor frecuencia la sensibilización a pólenes de Quercus, Alnus y Fraxinus, seguidos de Dermatophagoides spp. Predominó el género femenino entre la segunda y cuarta décadas de la vida. Conclusiones: la conjuntivitis alérgica es una enfermedad frecuente asociada con rinitis alérgica. Los alergenos asociados con mayor frecuencia en este estudio fueron los pólenes y ácaros del polvo doméstico.
ABSTRACT
Hereditary angioedema is an autosomic dominant disease, caracterized by recurrent angioedema and caused by a defective enzime known as C1 inhibitor. The main mediator involved in the development of angioedema is bradikynin. There are three types of the disease, the first one related to a decrease in the production of the enzime, the second one caracterized by an altered function of the enzime and the third one due to an altered factor XII gene. The recurrent angioedema may be localized in the periphery, in the gastrointestinal system or laryngeal, the last one being life threatening. For its treatment there are a lot of drugs available, such as attenuated androgens, fresh frozen plasma, tranexamic acid or the enzime substitution by a C1 inhibitor concentrate purified from plasma, nanofiltered or recombinant. Recently, treatment has been directed toward the avoidance of baradykinin production or its action through its B2 receptor.
