ABSTRACT
Angiosarcoma of the thyroid is a rare and aggressive primary malignant tumour of the thyroid. We report the case of a 69-year-old woman who presented with a red and sore skin area at the right-anterior region of the neck. Ultrasound examination and computed tomography scan showed a non-homogeneous mass in the right thyroid lobe. Fine needle aspiration cytology was suggestive of atypical vascular proliferation and so the patient underwent right thyroid lobectomy. The specimen measured 6 × 5 × 2.5 cm, and a reddish nodule was found, including a whitish central area of maximum 4 cm in diameter. Immunohistochemistry showed CD31 and ERG positivity, while thyroglobulin, calcitonin and TTF-1 expression were negative, indicating a diagnosis of angiosarcoma.
Subject(s)
Hemangiosarcoma , Thyroid Gland/pathology , Thyroid Neoplasms , Aged , Biopsy, Fine-Needle , Female , Hemangiosarcoma/diagnosis , Hemangiosarcoma/pathology , Humans , Thyroid Neoplasms/diagnosis , Thyroid Neoplasms/pathologyABSTRACT
PURPOSE: The aim of this study was to investigate the ability of host keratocytes to colonize the donor lamella transplanted without viable cells (dehydrated) in Descemetic (deep anterior lamellar keratoplasty) and in pre-Descemetic keratoplasty (excimer laser-assisted lamellar keratoplasty). METHOD: A total of 17 eyes (8 deep anterior lamellar keratoplasties and 9 excimer laser-assisted lamellar keratoplasties) were included in this observational retrospective study; patients underwent ophthalmic examinations, and histological staining was performed ex vivo on the graft in cases of failure. RESULTS: In Descemetic keratoplasty, the long-term survival of the graft is compromised with the central corneal thickness decreasing; corneal pachymetry and in vivo and ex vivo keratocyte densities are significantly reduced (pachymetric reduction of -86 µm in the apex and -87 µm in the thinnest point; density cell reduction of 72% at a depth of 100 µm, 62% at a depth of 250 µm, and -66% at a depth of 400 µm). In pre-Descemetic keratoplasty, clinical complications, reduction of central thickness, or alterations of keratocyte density were not observed. CONCLUSIONS: In Descemetic keratoplasty, the migration of the host peripheral keratocytes does not seem enough to repopulate the donor graft, whereas in pre-Descemetic keratoplasty, long-term survival of the graft is good. Keratocyte repopulation was observed only by extensive contact between the donor and host parenchyma.
Subject(s)
Cell Movement/physiology , Corneal Keratocytes/cytology , Corneal Stroma/cytology , Corneal Transplantation/methods , Desiccation , Graft Survival/physiology , Tissue Donors , Adolescent , Adult , Aged , Cell Count , Cell Survival/physiology , Corneal Pachymetry , Corneal Stroma/transplantation , Female , Follow-Up Studies , Humans , Male , Microscopy, Confocal , Middle Aged , Retrospective Studies , Tomography, Optical Coherence , Transplant Recipients , Young AdultABSTRACT
OBJECTIVE: The p16 (p16(Ink4a)) tumor-suppressor protein is a biomarker for activated expression of human papillomavirus oncogenes. However, data are insufficient to determine whether p16 overexpression predicts the risk for progression of low-grade cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN). This study was aimed at evaluating the risk for progression to CIN2 or worse during a 3-year follow-up of an unselected series of 739 patients with CIN1 biopsy specimens tested for p16 expression. METHODS: Positivity of p16 was defined as a diffuse overexpression in the basal/parabasal cell layers. Selection biases were ruled out using a control group of 523 patients with CIN1 biopsies not tested for p16 expression. Analysis was based on the ratio of progression rates. RESULTS: In the first year of follow-up, the 216 patients (29%) with p16-positive CIN1 had a higher progression rate (12.3%) than did the 523 patients with p16-negative CIN1 (2.2%) (rate ratio, 5.5; 95% confidence interval [CI], 2.59-11.71). In the second and third years, differences were smaller (rate ratio, 1.32 and 1.14, respectively) and not significant. The patients with p16-positive CIN1 also had a lower risk for regression to normal in the first year of follow-up (rate ratio, 0.55; 95% confidence interval, 0.42-0.71) and nonsignificant changes in the second and third years (rate ratio, 0.81 and 0.84, respectively). CONCLUSIONS: The patients with p16-positive CIN1 had an increased risk for progression that was concentrated in the first year of follow-up. Immunostaining of p16 could have a role in short-term surveillance of patients with CIN1. Further research should focus on midterm/long-term outcomes of p16-positive CIN1.
