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1.
Int. j. morphol ; 42(4): 911-917, ago. 2024. ilus, tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: biblio-1569247

ABSTRACT

El foramen mental, una abertura en la parte inferior de la mandíbula, es la salida de un ramo del nervio alveolar inferior, proporcionando sensibilidad a la mandíbula y la piel del mentón. Su variabilidad anatómica es importante en procedimientos dentales y quirúrgicos. Nuestro estudio en San Luis Potosí, México, examinó la posición y características morfológicas del foramen mental en una muestra de tomografías computarizadas de la mandíbula. En mujeres, la zona entre el primer y segundo premolar fue la más común, mientras que en hombres, fue la misma zona pero con mayor prevalencia en el lado izquierdo. Se observaron diferencias en la dirección del foramen mental entre sexos y lados de la mandíbula, con la dirección posterior predominante en ambos sexos. Estos hallazgos concuerdan con estudios previos en diferentes poblaciones, aunque se identifican variaciones significativas en la prevalencia y ubicación específica del foramen. La comparación con otros estudios resalta la importancia de considerar factores étnicos y geográficos en la interpretación de los resultados. Las diferencias anatómicas observadas tienen implicaciones clínicas importantes para procedimientos dentales y quirúrgicos, subrayando la necesidad de enfoques adaptados a la población específica para mejorar la precisión y seguridad de las intervenciones en el área del mentón.


SUMMARY: The mental foramen, an opening at the bottom of the jaw, is the exit of the inferior alveolar nerve branch, providing sensation to the jawbone and skin of the chin. Its anatomical variability is important in dental and surgical procedures. Our study was carried out in San Luis Potosí, Mexico and examined the position and morphological characteristics of the mental foramen in a sample of lower jaw CT scans. In women, the area between the first and second premolar was the most common, while in men, it was the same area but with a greater prevalence on the left side. Differences in the direction of the mental foramen were observed between sexes and sides of the mandible, with the posterior direction predominating in both sexes. These findings are consistent with previous studies in different populations, although significant variations in the prevalence and specific location of the foramen are identified. The comparison with other studies highlights the importance of considering ethnic and geographic factors in the interpretation of results. The anatomical differences observed have important clinical implications for dental and surgical procedures, underscoring the need for approaches tailored to the specific population to improve precision and safety of interventions in the mental foramen area.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Cone-Beam Computed Tomography , Mental Foramen/diagnostic imaging , Cross-Sectional Studies , Retrospective Studies , Mandible/diagnostic imaging
2.
Podium (Pinar Río) ; 18(2)ago. 2023.
Article in Spanish | LILACS-Express | LILACS | ID: biblio-1448889

ABSTRACT

El deporte adaptado, referido al término de actividad física con niños que presentan algún tipo de discapacidad, tiene una evolución histórica relevante, pues desde sus orígenes enfrenta altos retos. Es reconocido que en escuelas de nivel internacional y específicamente en Cuba, se realizan esfuerzos por potenciar la inclusión en el deporte; sin embargo, se considera que todavía son insuficientes las propuestas que, desde el punto de vista científico y metodológico, sustentan el aprovechamiento de las competencias y el desarrollo de habilidades en las personas con discapacidad. Es por ello, que se propone como objetivo de este trabajo visualizar la captación de niños con potencialidades para practicar deportes, desde la Educación Física, en la escuela especial "28 de Enero". En esta investigación, se aplicó una encuesta a los estudiantes sobre sus gustos en materia de deporte y se realizó una caracterización, a partir de aplicación de test que midió la discapacidad intelectual y la discapacidad físico-motor en ellos. Los datos, de forma general, revelaron que con dedicación, superación y trabajo en equipo se pueden obtener resultados satisfactorios no solo en el rendimiento deportivo, sino en la autoestima y calidad de vida en estos estudiantes.


O esporte adaptado, referente ao termo de atividade física com crianças que apresentam algum tipo de deficiência, tem uma evolução histórica relevante, pois desde suas origens tem enfrentado grandes desafios. Reconhece-se que nas escolas, em nível internacional e especificamente em Cuba, estão sendo feitos esforços para promover a inclusão no esporte; no entanto, considera-se que as propostas que, do ponto de vista científico e metodológico, apoiam o uso de competências e o desenvolvimento de habilidades em pessoas com deficiência ainda são insuficientes. É por essa razão que o objetivo deste trabalho é visualizar o recrutamento de crianças com potencial para a prática esportiva, a partir da Educação Física, na escola especial "28 de Enero". Nessa pesquisa, foi aplicado um questionário aos alunos sobre seus gostos pelo esporte e realizada uma caracterização, a partir da aplicação de um teste que mediu a deficiência intelectual e a deficiência físico-motora neles. Os dados, em geral, revelaram que, com dedicação, autoaperfeiçoamento e trabalho em equipe, é possível obter resultados satisfatórios não só no desempenho esportivo, mas também na autoestima e na qualidade de vida desses alunos.


Adapted sport, referred to as the term physical activity with children who have some type of disability, has a relevant historical evolution, since from its origins it has faced high challenges. It is recognized that in international level schools and specifically in Cuba, efforts are made to promote inclusion in sport; however, it is considered that the proposals that, from the scientific and methodological point of view, support the use of skills and the development of skills in people with disabilities are still insufficient. For this reason, the objective of this work is to visualize the recruitment of children with the potential to practice sports, from Physical Education, in the special school "28 de Enero". In this research, a survey was applied to students about their likes in sports and a characterization was carried out, based on the application of a test that measured intellectual disability and physical-motor disability in them. The data, in general, revealed that with dedication, improvement and teamwork, satisfactory results can be obtained not only in sports performance, but also in self-esteem and quality of life in these students.

3.
MHSalud ; 19(2)dic. 2022.
Article in Spanish | LILACS, SaludCR | ID: biblio-1405530

ABSTRACT

Resumen Objetivo: Comparar la composición corporal por antropometría clásica e impedancia bioeléctrica en estudiantado universitario de una universidad peruana. Método: Estudio correlacional, transversal, conformado por 152 estudiantes (77 varones y 75 mujeres) matriculados en el ciclo 2018-II con edad promedio de 20.45 ± 3.63 años. Se calculó para el método de antropometría el índice de masa corporal, mediciones antropométricas y se utilizó la ecuación de Yuhasz (1974) para determinar el porcentaje de grasa corporal, y para el de bioimpedancia eléctrica se utilizó el analizador tetrapolar multifrecuencia de medición segmental directa Inbody 120. Para establecer la correlación se utilizó el coeficiente de Pearson y para la concordancia se utilizó el método gráfico de Bland Altman e índice de estabilidad. Los datos fueron analizados con el programa estadístico IBM SPSS Statistics, versión 27.0. Para todos los análisis se utilizó un nivel de significancia (p<0.05). Resultados: Existe una fuerte correlación estadísticamente significativa (p<0.01y r=0.95) entre los métodos de antropometría y bioimpedancia eléctrica para la determinación del porcentaje de grasa corporal; además, una buena concordancia según el método gráfico de Bland Altman, reforzada con el índice de estabilidad para complemento de la interpretación (IE= 95 %). Conclusiones: Ambos métodos son intercambiables entre sí, por lo que pueden ser usados indistintamente en este tipo de población para determinar el porcentaje de grasa corporal expresado en porcentaje.


Abstract Objective: The aim was to compare the body composition using classical anthropometry and bioelectric impedance in university students of a Peruvian university. Method: a correlational, cross-sectional study with a research sample of 152 students (77 men and 75 women) enrolled in the 2018-II period with an average age of 20.45 ± 3.63 years. The body mass index and anthropometric measurements were calculated for the anthropometric method. The Yuhasz (1974) equation was used to determine the body fat percentage. The electrical bioimpedance method implemented the tetrapolar multi-frequency direct segmental measurement analyzer Inbody 120. Pearson coefficient was used to establish the correlation, and the Bland Altman graphical method and stability index were used for concordance. The data were analyzed using the statistical software application IBM SPSS Statistics, version 27.0. A level of significance (p <0.05) was used for all analyzes. Results: there is a strong statistically significant correlation (p<0.01 and r = 0.95) between the anthropometric and electrical bioimpedance methods to determine body fat percentage. In addition, there is a good agreement according to the Bland Altman graphical method, reinforced by the stability index to complement the interpretation (IE = 95%). Conclusions: Both methods are interchangeable with each other, so they can be used indistinctly in this type of population to determine body fat percentage.


Resumo Objetivo: comparar a composição corporal por antropometria clássica e impedância bioelétrica em estudantes universitários de uma universidade peruana. Método: estudo correlacional, transversal, compreendendo 152 estudantes (77 homens e 75 mulheres) matriculados no ciclo 2018-II, com idade média de 20,45 ± 3,63 anos. Para o método antropométrico, o índice de massa corporal, as medidas antropométricas e a equação de Yuhasz (1974) foram calculados para determinar a porcentagem de gordura corporal; e para o método de bioimpedância elétrica foi usado o analisador tetrapolar multifrequencial com medida segmentar direta Inbody 120. O coeficiente de Pearson foi usado para estabelecer a correlação; o método gráfico Bland Altman e o índice de estabilidade foram usados para a concordância. Os dados foram analisados com o IBM SPSS Statistics, versão 27.0. Um nível de significância (p<0,05) foi usado para todas as análises. Resultados: há uma forte correlação estatística significativa (p<0,01 e r=0,95) entre os métodos de antropometria e bioimpedância elétrica para a determinação da porcentagem de gordura corporal; além disso, uma boa concordância de acordo com o método gráfico Bland Altman, reforçado com o índice de estabilidade para complementar a interpretação (IE= 95%). Conclusões: Ambos os métodos são intercambiáveis entre si, portanto, podem ser utilizados indistintamente nesse tipo de população para determinar a porcentagem de gordura corporal expressa como porcentagem.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adult , Anthropometry/instrumentation , Adipose Tissue , Electric Impedance/therapeutic use
4.
MHSalud ; 18(1)jun. 2021.
Article in Spanish | LILACS, SaludCR | ID: biblio-1386148

ABSTRACT

Resumen Objetivo: analizar el perfil morfofuncional de futbolistas profesionales chilenos según su posición de juego. Método: el diseño del estudio fue no experimental, con un alcance descriptivo-correlacional. Se evaluaron 29 futbolistas profesionales de la primera B. Para determinar el porcentaje graso se midieron cuatro pliegues cutáneos y se aplicó la ecuación de Durnin y Womersley; para las variables físicas se aplicó el test de 1 repetición máxima de sentadillas y se utilizó el método de Brzycki para proyectar la fuerza máxima; en fuerza explosiva se ejecutó el Test de Bosco que evalúa el salto Squat Jump (SJ); para la resistencia aeróbica se utilizó el Yoyo test nivel 1 de recuperación, con toma de frecuencia cardiaca (FC) al final y en recuperación (1 minuto). Resultados: se observan solo diferencias significativas en la talla entre arqueros y volantes (F=4.491; p=0.012), esto implica, que la edad, peso y Σ4 pliegues no inciden en la posición de juego. Conclusiones: se observa que, en cada posición de juego, los jugadores presentan una configuración morfofuncional distinta, lo cual permite inferir que el trabajo debe ser diferenciado.


Abstract Objective: to analyze the morphofunctional profile of Chilean professional soccer players according to their playing position. Method: the study design was non-experimental, with a descriptive-correlational scope. Twenty-nine professional soccer players belonging to the Valdivia Sports Club of Chile were evaluated. Fat percentage was established by measuring four skin folds and applying the Durnin and Womersley equation. For the physical variables, the maximum squat repetition test was applied, and the Brzycki method was used to project the maximum force in one repetition. In explosive force, the Bosco Test was performed; this test evaluates the squat jump (SJ). The level 1 recovery Yoyo Test was used for the aerobic resistance, with heart rate (HR) measurement at the end and in recovery (1 minute). Results: Only significant differences in height are observed between goalkeepers and midfielders (F =4.491;p= 0.012); this implies that age, weight, and Σ4 folds do not affect in the playing position. Conclusions: it is observed that, in each game position, the players present a different morphofunctional configuration, which allows inferring that the work must be differentiated.


Resumo Objetivo: analisar o perfil morfofuncional de jogadores profissionais chilenos de futebol segundo sua posição de jogo. Método: o desenho do estudo foi não experimental, de escopo descritivo-correlacional. Foram avaliados 29 jogadores de futebol profissional do primeiro B. Para determinar o percentual de gordura, foram medidas quatro dobras cutâneas e aplicada a equação de Durnin e Womersley; Para as variáveis físicas foi aplicado o teste de 1 repetição máxima de agachamento e utilizado o método de Brzycki para projetar a força máxima; Na força explosiva, foi realizado o Teste de Bosco, que avalia o Salto de Agachamento (SJ); Para a resistência aeróbia, foi utilizado o teste de recuperação Yoyo nível 1, com frequência cardíaca (FC) medida no final e na recuperação (1 minuto). Resultados: foram observadas apenas diferenças significativas na altura entre goleiros e petecas (F = 4,491; p = 0,012), isso implica que idade, peso e Σ4 dobras não interferem na posição de jogo. Conclusões: observa-se que, em cada posição de jogo, os jogadores apresentam uma configuração morfofuncional diferente, o que permite inferir que o trabalho deve ser diferenciado.


Subject(s)
Humans , Adult , Soccer , Chile , Anthropometry
5.
Rev. bras. ciênc. esporte ; 38(1): 58-63, jan.-mar. 2016. tab, graf
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-777552

ABSTRACT

Resumo A proposta do presente estudo consiste em verificar a ocorrência temporal dos gols do Campeonato Brasileiro de 2011. Foram analisados 1.017 gols nas 380 partidas da competição. O tempo de jogo foi dividido em períodos pré-definidos de 15 minutos, além dos acréscimos de cada tempo. Os resultados mostram a maior frequência de gols na segunda etapa e que dentro desse período as maiores ocorrências de gols aconteceram a partir dos 60 minutos de jogo. A análise estatística aponta para diferenças significativas no número de gols marcados entre os períodos 0-15 min. x 60-75 min. (p = 0,001) e entre 0-15 min. x 75-90 min. (p = 0,002). O estudo conclui que no Campeonato Brasileiro de 2011 mais gols foram marcados nos 30 minutos finais da segunda etapa, que há maior ocorrência de gols nos acréscimos do segundo tempo em relação ao primeiro e que a separação dos acréscimos do tempo normal de jogo influenciou a classificação temporal dos gols.


Abstract The purpose of the present study was record the time of goals in Brazilian Championship 2011. We analyzed 1017 goals in 380 matches in the competition. The playing time is divided into predefined periods of 15 min. beyond the additions each time. The results show a higher frequency of goals in the second half and that within this period the highest incidences of goals occurred after 60 min. of play. Statistical analysis indicates significant differences in the number of goals scored in the periods 0-15 min. x 60-75 min. (p = 0.001) and between 0-15 min. x 75-90 min. (p = 0.002). The study concludes that the Brazilian championship 2011 more goals are scored in the final thirty minutes of the second half, there is a greater occurrence of goals in additions time of the second half over the first half, and the separation of normal time of additional time influenced the temporal classification of goals.


Resumen El propósito de este estudio es determinar la incidencia de los goles del Campeonato Brasileño 2011. Se analizaron 1.017 goles en 380 partidos de la competición. El tiempo de juego se divide en períodos predefinidos de 15 minutos, aparte de los añadidos de cada tiempo. Los resultados muestran mayor frecuencia de goles en la segunda parte y que dentro de este período las mayores incidencias de goles se produjeron a los 60 minutos de juego. El análisis estadístico indica diferencias significativas en el número de goles marcados en los períodos 0-15 minutos × 60-75 minutos (p = 0,001) y entre 0-15 minutos × 75-90 minutos (p = 0,002). El estudio concluye que en el Campeonato Brasileño 2011 se anotaron más goles en los últimos treinta minutos de la segunda parte, que hay mayor incidencia de goles en el tiempo añadido de la segunda parte en relación con la primera, y que la separación del tiempo añadido del tiempo reglamentario influyó en la clasificación temporal de los goles.

6.
Parasit Vectors ; 9: 40, 2016 Jan 27.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-26813296

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND: The World Health Organization (WHO) has set goals for onchocerciasis elimination in Latin America by 2015. Most of the six previously endemic countries are attaining this goal by implementing twice a year (and in some foci, quarterly) mass ivermectin (Mectizan®) distribution. Elimination of transmission has been verified in Colombia, Ecuador and Mexico. Challenges remain in the Amazonian focus straddling Venezuela and Brazil, where the disease affects the hard-to-reach Yanomami indigenous population. We provide evidence of suppression of Onchocerca volvulus transmission by Simulium guianense s.l. in 16 previously hyperendemic Yanomami communities in southern Venezuela after 15 years of 6-monthly and 5 years of 3-monthly mass ivermectin treatment. METHODS: Baseline and monitoring and evaluation parasitological, ophthalmological, entomological and serological surveys were conducted in selected sentinel and extra-sentinel communities of the focus throughout the implementation of the programme. RESULTS: From 2010 to 2012-2015, clinico-parasitological surveys indicate a substantial decrease in skin microfilarial prevalence and intensity of infection; accompanied by no evidence (or very low prevalence and intensity) of ocular microfilariae in the examined population. Of a total of 51,341 S. guianense flies tested by PCR none had L3 infection (heads only). Prevalence of infective flies and seasonal transmission potentials in 2012-2013 were, respectively, under 1% and 20 L3/person/transmission season. Serology in children aged 1-10 years demonstrated that although 26 out of 396 (7%) individuals still had Ov-16 antibodies, only 4/218 (2%) seropositives were aged 1-5 years. CONCLUSIONS: We report evidence of recent transmission and morbidity suppression in some communities of the focus representing 75% of the Yanomami population and 70% of all known communities. We conclude that onchocerciasis transmission could be feasibly interrupted in the Venezuelan Amazonian focus.


Subject(s)
Insect Vectors/parasitology , Insecticides/therapeutic use , Ivermectin/therapeutic use , Onchocerca volvulus/physiology , Onchocerciasis/transmission , Simuliidae/parasitology , Animals , Child, Preschool , Female , Geography , Humans , Infant , Male , Microfilariae , Onchocerca volvulus/genetics , Onchocerciasis/epidemiology , Onchocerciasis/parasitology , Onchocerciasis/prevention & control , Prevalence , Seasons , Venezuela/epidemiology
7.
Rev Bras Cir Cardiovasc ; 29(3): 432-6, 2014.
Article in English, Portuguese | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-25372919

ABSTRACT

The entry of sodium and calcium play a key effect on myocyte subjected to cardiac arrest by hyperkalemia. They cause cell swelling, acidosis, consumption of adenosine triphosphate and trigger programmed cell death. Cardiac arrest caused by hypocalcemia maintains intracellular adenosine triphosphate levels, improves diastolic performance and reduces oxygen consumption, which can be translated into better protection to myocyte injury induced by cardiac arrest.


Subject(s)
Cardioplegic Solutions , Heart Arrest, Induced/methods , Hyperkalemia , Hypocalcemia , Calcium/physiology , Cardioplegic Solutions/pharmacology , Humans , Medical Illustration , Potassium , Reproducibility of Results
8.
Rev. bras. cir. cardiovasc ; Rev. bras. cir. cardiovasc;29(3): 432-436, Jul-Sep/2014. tab, graf
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-727151

ABSTRACT

A entrada de sódio e cálcio desempenham efeito chave no miócito submetido à parada cardíaca por hiperpotassemia. Eles provocam edema celular, acidose, consumo de trifosfato de adenosina e desencadeiam processo de morte celular programada. A parada cardíaca provocada por hipocalcemia mantém os níveis intracelulares de trifosfato de adenosina, melhora o rendimento diastólico e reduz o consumo de oxigênio, o que pode ser traduzido em melhor proteção do miócito às lesões provocadas pela parada cardíaca induzida.


The entry of sodium and calcium play a key effect on myocyte subjected to cardiac arrest by hyperkalemia. They cause cell swelling, acidosis, consumption of adenosine triphosphate and trigger programmed cell death. Cardiac arrest caused by hypocalcemia maintains intracellular adenosine triphosphate levels, improves diastolic performance and reduces oxygen consumption, which can be translated into better protection to myocyte injury induced by cardiac arrest.


Subject(s)
Humans , Cardioplegic Solutions , Hyperkalemia , Hypocalcemia , Heart Arrest, Induced/methods , Calcium/physiology , Cardioplegic Solutions/pharmacology , Medical Illustration , Potassium , Reproducibility of Results
9.
Rev Bras Cir Cardiovasc ; 29(2): 156-62, 2014.
Article in English, Portuguese | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-25140464

ABSTRACT

INTRODUCTION: Solutions that cause elective cardiac arrest are constantly evolving, but the ideal compound has not yet been found. The authors compare a new cardioplegic solution with histidine-tryptophan-glutamate (Group 2) and other one with histidine-tryptophan-cetoglutarate (Group 1) in a model of isolated rat heart. OBJECTIVE: To quantify the fractal dimension and Shannon entropy in rat myocytes subjected to cardioplegia solution using histidine-tryptophan with glutamate in an experimental model, considering the caspase markers, IL-8 and KI-67. METHODS: Twenty male Wistar rats were anesthetized and heparinized. The chest was opened, the heart was withdrawn and 40 ml/kg of cardioplegia (with histidine-tryptophan-cetoglutarate or histidine-tryptophan-glutamate solution) was infused. The hearts were kept for 2 hours at 4ºC in the same solution, and thereafter placed in the Langendorff apparatus for 30 min with Ringer-Locke solution. Analyzes were performed for immunohistochemical caspase, IL-8 and KI-67. RESULTS: The fractal dimension and Shannon entropy were not different between groups histidine-tryptophan-glutamate and histidine-tryptophan-acetoglutarate. CONCLUSION: The amount of information measured by Shannon entropy and the distribution thereof (given by fractal dimension) of the slices treated with histidine-tryptophan-cetoglutarate and histidine-tryptophan-glutamate were not different, showing that the histidine-tryptophan-glutamate solution is as good as histidine-tryptophan-acetoglutarate to preserve myocytes in isolated rat heart.


Subject(s)
Cardioplegic Solutions/pharmacology , Glutamic Acid/pharmacology , Heart Arrest, Induced/methods , Myocytes, Cardiac/drug effects , Animals , Caspases/analysis , Disease Models, Animal , Entropy , Fractals , Glucose/pharmacology , Heart/drug effects , Immunohistochemistry , Interleukin-8/analysis , Ki-67 Antigen/analysis , Male , Mannitol/pharmacology , Potassium Chloride/pharmacology , Procaine/pharmacology , Rats, Wistar , Reproducibility of Results , Time Factors
10.
Rev Bras Cir Cardiovasc ; 29(2): 249-54, 2014.
Article in English, Portuguese | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-25140476

ABSTRACT

The calcium paradox was first mentioned in 1966 by Zimmerman et al. Thereafter gained great interest from the scientific community due to the fact of the absence of calcium ions in heart muscle cells produce damage similar to ischemia-reperfusion. Although not all known mechanisms involved in cellular injury in the calcium paradox intercellular connection maintained only by nexus seems to have a key role in cellular fragmentation. The addition of small concentrations of calcium, calcium channel blockers, and hyponatraemia hypothermia are important to prevent any cellular damage during reperfusion solutions with physiological concentration of calcium.


Subject(s)
Calcium/metabolism , Heart Injuries/metabolism , Myocytes, Cardiac/metabolism , Adenosine Triphosphate/metabolism , Animals , Caffeine/adverse effects , Calcium/administration & dosage , Calcium Channel Blockers/pharmacology , Cell Membrane Permeability , Dinitrophenols/metabolism , Glycocalyx/metabolism , Heart Failure/etiology , Heart Injuries/etiology , Heart Injuries/pathology , Humans , Myocardial Reperfusion Injury/metabolism , Myocardium/metabolism , Rats , Sodium/physiology , Time Factors
11.
Rev. bras. cir. cardiovasc ; Rev. bras. cir. cardiovasc;29(2): 249-254, Apr-Jun/2014. tab, graf
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-719408

ABSTRACT

O paradoxo do cálcio foi pela primeira vez citado em 1966 por Zimmerman et al. A partir daí, ganhou grande interesse por parte da comunidade científica internacional devido ao fato da ausência do íon cálcio produzir na célula muscular cardíaca dano semelhante à lesão de isquemia-reperfusão. Apesar de não serem conhecidos todos os mecanismos envolvidos no processo da lesão celular no paradoxo do cálcio, a conexão intercelular mantida somente pelo nexus parece ter papel chave na fragmentação celular. A adição de pequenas concentrações de cálcio, bloqueadores de canal de cálcio, hiponatremia ou hipotermia são importantes para evitar que haja lesão celular no momento da reperfusão com soluções com concentração fisiológica de cálcio.


The calcium paradox was first mentioned in 1966 by Zimmerman et al. Thereafter gained great interest from the scientific community due to the fact of the absence of calcium ions in heart muscle cells produce damage similar to ischemia-reperfusion. Although not all known mechanisms involved in cellular injury in the calcium paradox intercellular connection maintained only by nexus seems to have a key role in cellular fragmentation. The addition of small concentrations of calcium, calcium channel blockers, and hyponatraemia hypothermia are important to prevent any cellular damage during reperfusion solutions with physiological concentration of calcium.


Subject(s)
Animals , Humans , Rats , Calcium/metabolism , Heart Injuries/metabolism , Myocytes, Cardiac/metabolism , Adenosine Triphosphate/metabolism , Cell Membrane Permeability , Caffeine/adverse effects , Calcium Channel Blockers/pharmacology , Calcium/administration & dosage , Dinitrophenols/metabolism , Glycocalyx/metabolism , Heart Failure/etiology , Heart Injuries/etiology , Heart Injuries/pathology , Myocardial Reperfusion Injury/metabolism , Myocardium/metabolism , Sodium/physiology , Time Factors
12.
Rev. bras. cir. cardiovasc ; Rev. bras. cir. cardiovasc;29(2): 156-162, Apr-Jun/2014. tab, graf
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-719409

ABSTRACT

Introdução: As soluções que provocam parada cardíaca eletiva estão em constante evolução, porém, o composto ideal ainda não foi encontrado. Os autores comparam uma nova solução cardioplégica com histidina-triptofano-glutamato (Grupo 2) com histidina-triptofano-cetoglutarato (Grupo 1) em modelo de coração isolado de rato. Objetivo: Quantificar a dimensão fractal e entropia de Shannon em miócitos de rato submetidos à cardioplegia utilizando solução histidina-triptofano com glutamato em modelo experimental, considerando-se os marcadores caspase, IL-8 e Ki-67. Métodos: Vinte ratos machos de raça Wistar foram anestesiados e heparinizados. O tórax foi aberto, realizado cardiectomia e infundido 40 ml/Kg de solução cardioplégica apropriada. Os corações foram mantidos por 2 horas na mesma solução a 4ºC e, após esse período, colocados em aparato de Langendorff por 30 minutos com solução de Ringer Locke. Foram feitas análises imunohistoquímicas para caspase, IL-8 e KI-67. Resultados: A dimensão fractal e a entropia de Shannon dos corações submetidos à parada cardíaca eletiva nos grupos 1 e 2 não foram diferentes. Conclusão: A quantidade de informações avaliada pela entropia de Shannon e a distribuição das mesmas (dada pela dimensão fractal) nas lâminas de coração de rato submetidas à cardioplegia com solução histidina-triptofano-acetoglutarato ou histidina-triptofano-glutamato não foram diferentes, o que mostra que a solução de histidina-triptofano-glutamato é tão boa quanto a histidina-triptofano-cetoglutarato na preservação dos miócitos em modelo de coração isolado de rato. .


Introduction: Solutions that cause elective cardiac arrest are constantly evolving, but the ideal compound has not yet been found. The authors compare a new cardioplegic solution with histidine-tryptophan-glutamate (Group 2) and other one with histidine-tryptophan-cetoglutarate (Group 1) in a model of isolated rat heart. Objective: To quantify the fractal dimension and Shannon entropy in rat myocytes subjected to cardioplegia solution using histidine-tryptophan with glutamate in an experimental model, considering the caspase markers, IL-8 and KI-67. Methods: Twenty male Wistar rats were anesthetized and heparinized. The chest was opened, the heart was withdrawn and 40 ml/kg of cardioplegia (with histidine-tryptophan-cetoglutarate or histidine-tryptophan-glutamate solution) was infused. The hearts were kept for 2 hours at 4ºC in the same solution, and thereafter placed in the Langendorff apparatus for 30 min with Ringer-Locke solution. Analyzes were performed for immunohistochemical caspase, IL-8 and KI-67. Results: The fractal dimension and Shannon entropy were not different between groups histidine-tryptophan-glutamate and histidine-tryptophan-acetoglutarate. Conclusion: The amount of information measured by Shannon entropy and the distribution thereof (given by fractal dimension) of the slices treated with histidine-tryptophan-cetoglutarate and histidine-tryptophan-glutamate were not different, showing that the histidine-tryptophan-glutamate solution is as good as histidine-tryptophan-acetoglutarate to preserve myocytes in isolated rat heart. .


Subject(s)
Animals , Male , Cardioplegic Solutions/pharmacology , Glutamic Acid/pharmacology , Heart Arrest, Induced/methods , Myocytes, Cardiac/drug effects , Caspases/analysis , Disease Models, Animal , Entropy , Fractals , Glucose/pharmacology , Heart/drug effects , Immunohistochemistry , /analysis , /analysis , Mannitol/pharmacology , Potassium Chloride/pharmacology , Procaine/pharmacology , Rats, Wistar , Reproducibility of Results , Time Factors
13.
Rev. Soc. Peru. Med. Interna ; 24(2): 57-65, abr.-jun. 2011. tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS, LIPECS | ID: lil-597285

ABSTRACT

Objetivos. Describir las características de la hipertensión arterial (HTA) y la hipertensión arterial paradójica (HTAP), y sus factores asociados en pacientes en hemodiálisis. Material y Métodos. Se estudió a 203 pacientes. Se definió HTA como antecedente clínico y/o toma de medicamentos para la HTA; presión arterial promedio (PAP): presión arterial medida antes y después de hemodiálisis; HTA no controlada, si PAP >140/90 mmHg. Se definió HTAP como presión diastólica posdiálisis mayor de 10 mmHg que en prediálisis. Se evaluó edad, tiempo en diálisis, etiología de la enfermedad, peso interdialítico, antecedente cardiovascular, analítica individual, tipo y número de antihipertensivos. Se realizó un análisis univariante y multivariante de estas variables. Resultados. La prevalencia de HTA fue 79,8 por ciento y la de HTA no controlada, 54,9 por ciento. La edad promedio fue 56,25 ± 15,29 años. Las causas de enfermedad renal crónica (ERC) fueron HTA, 37,7 por ciento, y diabetes mellitus (DM), 29 por ciento. El tiempo en diálisis promedio 41,8 ± 32,92 meses; variación de peso interdialítico 2 376,60 ± 1 019,31 g. Con antecedente cardiovascular, 19,75 por ciento: insuficiencia cardiaca (IC), 9,85 por ciento, enfermedad cardiovascular (ECV), 5,56 por ciento. Tomaban antihipertensivos el 88,3 por ciento y el 42,59 por ciento tomaba más de un antihipertensivo. Hemoglobina 9,6 ± 2.55 g/dL. No se encontró ningún factor asociado a HTA y la HTA no controlada se asoció a un mayor número de antihipertensivos (OR: 2,053; IC 95 por ciento: 1,248-3,378). La prevalencia de HTAP fue 12 por ciento. El tiempo en diálisis fue 43,8 ± 27,8 meses, la variación del peso interdialítico 2 384,0 ± 912,3 g. La causa de ERC fue HTA 33,3 por ciento, DM 29,6 por ciento. Con antecedente cardiovascular 9,5 por ciento: IC, 4,8 por ciento; ECV, 4,8 por ciento, El 66,7 por ciento tomaba más de un antihipertensivo. Hemoglobina 9,27 ± 2,77 g/dL. La...


Objectives. To describe arterial hypertension (AH) and paradoxical arterial hypertension (PAH) characteristics and their associated factors in hemodialysis patients. Material and methods. We studied 203 patients. AH was defined as a clinic antecedent for these patients or if they were taking medication for AH. Average arterial pressure (AAP) was calculated with arterial pressure measured before and after hemodialysis session. No-controlled AH was a AAP > 140/90 mmHg. PAH was defined as a postdialysis arterial pressure greater than 10 mmHg than the predialysis pressure. We evaluated age, time in dialysis, etiology of end stage renal disease (ESRD), interdialytic weight variation, cardiovascular antecedents, individual laboratory tests, and antihypertensive drugs (classand number). Univariate and multivariate analysis were performed on these variables. Results. Prevalence of AH was 79,8 percent and no-controlled AH was 54,9. Average age was 56,25 ± 15,29 years. Etiology of ESRD was AH 37,7 percent and diabetes mellitus 29 percent. Average time in dialysis was 41,8±32,92 months; interdialytic weight variation 2 376,60 ± 1 019,31 g. There were cardiovascular antecedents in 19,75 percent of the patients (cardiac failure in 9,85 percent and cardiovascular disease in 5,56 percent). Patients were taking antihypertensive drugs in 88,3 percent (angiotensinconverting enzyme inhibitors 58,09 percent, calcium antagonists 54,94 percent and more than one antihypertensive drug 42,59 percent).Hemoglobin was 9,6 ± 2,55 g/dL. We can not find any factor associated to AH in multivariate analysis; but no-controlled AH was associated with a greater intake of antihypertensive drugs(OR 2,053; IC 95 percent 1,248-3,378). Prevalence of PAH was 12 percent. Time in dialysis was 43,8 ± 27,8 months, interdialytic weight variation was 2384,0 ± 912,3 g. Etiology of ESRD was AH 33,3 percent and diabetes mellitus 29,6 percent...


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Angiotensins , Renal Dialysis , Kidney Failure, Chronic , Hypertension , Epidemiology, Descriptive , Cross-Sectional Studies
14.
Bol. psicol ; 59(130): 31-43, jun. 2009. ilus
Article in Portuguese | Index Psychology - journals | ID: psi-46884

ABSTRACT

Este estudo pretendeu proporcionar uma discussão sobre o esporte e a atuação do psicólogo nesta esfera. No Brasil, existem poucos estudos e pesquisas no campo da Psicologia do esporte. Não obstante, o esporte segue o fluxo de manifestações inconscientes na raiz de um jogo poderoso de forças psicológicas e sociais, cujas resultantes são delimitadores de cenários em que técnicos e atletas, com freqüência, ultrapassam os limites de suas capacidades físicas e mentais, suscitando-se questionamentos a respeito das implicações do esporte sobre a saúde. O atleta vivencia constantes situações de críticas, nas quais mecanismos de defesa, comportamentos anômalos, depressão e somatizações surgem como saídas para fazer frente às pressões e ameaças que gravitam o ambiente de competição. É neste cenário que o atleta vencedor surge como herói, figura dominante no imaginário que constela imagens pregnantes de modelos de realidade e aprendizagem social. Assim, as forças impulsoras e limitantes da modernidade, o levam a tentar cumprir o lema 'vencer, a qualquer custo!' Também são examinadas questões sobre ética em reflexões sobre dúvidas, obrigações e comportamento no ambiente institucional(AU)


This study aimed to provide a discussion about sport and the practice of psychologists in this sphere. In Brazil, there are few studies and researches regarding the field of sport Psychology. Nevertheless, sports follow the flow of unconscious manifestations of a powerful game between social and psychological forces, whose resultants are delimiters of sceneries in which technicians and athletes often cross the boundaries of their physical and psychological capacities which brings into question the implications of sport to the health. The constant exposure to critical situations leads to defenses mechanisms, anomalous behaviors, depression and psychosomatic diseases, ways that athletes find to deal with pressures and treats involved into competitions. In this scenery, winners appear as heroes, dominant figures into the imaginary where images, pregnant of realities models and social learning gravitate. Therefore, impelling and limiting forces of the modern society can be synthesized in the expression 'Win at any cost!' Also questions concerning ethics and reflections of doubts, duties and behavior in the institutional environment are examined(AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Sports/psychology , Somatoform Disorders/psychology , Defense Mechanisms , Ethics
15.
Bol. psicol ; 59(130): 31-43, jun. 2009. ilus
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-574348

ABSTRACT

Este estudo pretendeu proporcionar uma discussão sobre o esporte e a atuação do psicólogo nesta esfera. No Brasil, existem poucos estudos e pesquisas no campo da Psicologia do esporte. Não obstante, o esporte segue o fluxo de manifestações inconscientes na raiz de um jogo poderoso de forças psicológicas e sociais, cujas resultantes são delimitadores de cenários em que técnicos e atletas, com frequência, ultrapassam os limites de suas capacidades físicas e mentais, suscitando-se questionamentos a respeito das implicações do esporte sobre a saúde. O atleta vivencia constantes situações de críticas, nas quais mecanismos de defesa, comportamentos anômalos, depressão e somatizações surgem como saídas para fazer frente às pressões e ameaças que gravitam o ambiente de competição. É neste cenário que o atleta vencedor surge como herói, figura dominante no imaginário que constela imagens pregnantes de modelos de realidade e aprendizagem social. Assim, as forças impulsoras e limitantes da modernidade, o levam a tentar cumprir o lema 'vencer, a qualquer custo!' Também são examinadas questões sobre ética em reflexões sobre dúvidas, obrigações e comportamento no ambiente institucional.


This study aimed to provide a discussion about sport and the practice of psychologists in this sphere. In Brazil, there are few studies and researches regarding the field of sport Psychology. Nevertheless, sports follow the flow of unconscious manifestations of a powerful game between social and psychological forces, whose resultants are delimiters of sceneries in which technicians and athletes often cross the boundaries of their physical and psychological capacities which brings into question the implications of sport to the health. The constant exposure to critical situations leads to defenses mechanisms, anomalous behaviors, depression and psychosomatic diseases, ways that athletes find to deal with pressures and treats involved into competitions. In this scenery, winners appear as heroes, dominant figures into the imaginary where images, pregnant of realities models and social learning gravitate. Therefore, impelling and limiting forces of the modern society can be synthesized in the expression 'Win at any cost!' Also questions concerning ethics and reflections of doubts, duties and behavior in the institutional environment are examined.


Subject(s)
Humans , Defense Mechanisms , Ethics , Sports/psychology , Somatoform Disorders/psychology
16.
Acta Trop ; 107(2): 80-9, 2008 Aug.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-18538741

ABSTRACT

Although it is now well established that in the Amazonian onchocerciasis focus, straddling between Venezuela and Brazil, the main vectors in the highland (hyperendemic) and lowland (hypoendemic) areas, are respectively Simulium guianense sensu lato Wise and S. oyapockense s.l. Floch and Abonnenc, investigation of the vectorial role of a third anthropophagic species, Simulium incrustatum Lutz has remained inconclusive. Here we compare the vector competence of S. incrustatum with that of S. oyapockense s.l. by conducting, in the Venezuelan part of the focus, a series of feeding experiments designed to analyze their relative: (a) microfilarial intakes when fed upon the same skin load; (b) proportions of microfilariae (mf) surviving damage inflicted by the cibarial armature (present in both species); and (c) infective (L3) larval outputs. Although the ability of S. oyapockense s.l. to ingest mf, for a given microfilaridermia, was markedly higher than that of S. incrustatum, the (density-dependent) proportions of those ingested mf that were damaged by the armature were also consistently higher, with the resulting output of L3 larvae being significantly lower in S. oyapockense s.l. than in S. incrustatum. These results indicate that S. incrustatum plays a more important role in onchocerciasis transmission in the Amazonian focus than previously realized. We discuss the implications of our findings for the control and elimination of onchocerciasis with mass administration of ivermectin in this focus, where the three main anthropophagic species often co-occur.


Subject(s)
Feeding Behavior , Host-Parasite Interactions , Insect Vectors/parasitology , Onchocerca volvulus/physiology , Onchocerciasis/transmission , Simuliidae/parasitology , Animals , Antiparasitic Agents/therapeutic use , Behavior, Animal , Humans , Ivermectin/therapeutic use , Microfilariae/growth & development , Onchocerca volvulus/growth & development , Onchocerciasis/parasitology , Onchocerciasis/prevention & control , Simuliidae/physiology , Venezuela
17.
In. Ghorayeb, Nabil; Dioguardi, Giuseppe S. Tratado de Cardiologia do exercício e do esporte. São Paulo, Atheneu, 2007. p.539-533.
Monography in Portuguese | LILACS, Sec. Est. Saúde SP, SESSP-IDPCPROD, Sec. Est. Saúde SP | ID: biblio-1070965
18.
Homeopatia Méx ; 73(632): 181-188, Sept.-oct. 2004. tab
Article in Spanish | HomeoIndex Homeopathy | ID: hom-9237

ABSTRACT

La inflamación de la encía causada por la fenitoina, droga anticonvulsivamente utilizada en el tratamiento de la epilepsia, se presenta en algunos pacientes que han recibido esta droga.


Subject(s)
Male , Adolescent , Homeopathy , Gingival Hyperplasia , Epilepsy , Phenytoin
19.
Homeopatia Méx ; 73(632): 181-188, sept.-oct. 2004. tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-526449

ABSTRACT

La inflamación de la encía causada por la fenitoina, droga anticonvulsivamente utilizada en el tratamiento de la epilepsia, se presenta en algunos pacientes que han recibido esta droga.


Subject(s)
Male , Adolescent , Epilepsy , Gingival Hyperplasia , Homeopathy , Phenytoin
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