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1.
Reprod Nutr Dev ; 44(3): 183-93, 2004.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-15460158

ABSTRACT

The aim of this study was to determine whether the reproductive seasonality of local male goats from subtropical Mexico (26 degrees N) is controlled by photoperiod. The control group (n = 7) remained in an open shed under natural daylight. The two experimental groups (n = 6 each) were placed in light-proof buildings and exposed for 2 years (yr) to alternations of 3 months (mo) of long days and 3 mo of short days. One group was first exposed to long days and the other one to short days. Body and testicular weights were determined every 2 wk. Blood samples were obtained weekly to determine testosterone plasma concentrations. In the control group, the body weight exhibited variations (P < 0.0001) and it increased during the non-breeding season. In both treated groups, long days stimulated weight gain and short days inhibited it (P < 0.0001). In the control group, testicular weight displayed variations (P < 0.0001), and high values were registered in June. In the treated groups, a testicular weight reduction occurred 6-9 mo after the onset of the study. Afterwards, the changes in testicular size varied according to daylength (P < 0.01). The pattern of plasma testosterone concentration in the control group varied over the study (P < 0.0001) and the levels were higher from May-June to November. In both treated groups, the changes in testosterone secretion occurred according to photoperiod changes (P < 0.0001). Short days enhanced testosterone secretion one photoperiodic cycle after the onset of the study and long days inhibited it. Local male goats from subtropical Mexico are sensitive to photoperiodic changes and this environmental cue may control the timing of the breeding season in natural conditions.


Subject(s)
Goats/physiology , Periodicity , Photoperiod , Testis/anatomy & histology , Testosterone/metabolism , Tropical Climate , Animals , Body Weight , Breeding , Male , Mexico , Organ Size , Seasons
2.
Gac. méd. Méx ; 137(4): 323-334, jul.-ago. 2001. ilus, tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-312195

ABSTRACT

La obesidad es compleja en su etiología y tratamiento. Su incidencia global va en aumento. El promover la pérdida de peso sólo puede traer efectos benéficos. La obesidad es un trastorno crónico de origen multifactorial. El descubrimiento del gen ob y su producto, la proteína OB o Leptina, del neuropéptido Y, así como de las alteraciones del metabolismo de los tejidos lipogénicos que alteran el apetito, son avances significativos para comprender su etiopatogenia y tratamiento. Estos nuevos conocimientos cambiarán la filosofía del tratamiento de la obesidad.La obesidad responde mal al tratamiento no quirúrgico y su control debe ser a largo plazo a pesar de las considerables presiones sociales y biológicas que promueven la recuperación del peso perdido. El tratamiento del paciente obeso debe realizarse por un equipo multidisciplinario, debiendo incluir una dieta hipoenergética, un plan de ejercicios, modificaciones conductuales y, en varios casos, terapia familiar. Su manejo debe ser diseñado en forma individual para cada paciente. El uso de medicamentos en el tratamiento de la obesidad no debe ser un sustituto para la modificación de la dieta ni para la actividad física. La cirugía bariátrica está indicada sólo en aquellos pacientes cuyo IMC es mayor de 30 kg/m2. Los médicos y sus pacientes deben interactuar estrechamente, evaluando los riesgos posibles que implica el tratamiento contra los beneficios reales de éste. Es esencial una buena relación médico-paciente.


Subject(s)
Causality , Leptin , Obesity , Body Mass Index , Diet , Self Care
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