ABSTRACT
Resistin is an adipokine with metabolic and inflammatory functions. Epidemiological and translational studies report that an increase in plasma levels and tissue expression of resistin increases the aggressiveness of prostate tumor cells. Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are secreted constitutively and induced by cytokines, growth factors, and calcium and are found in multiple biological fluids such as saliva, serum, semen, and urine. In particular, EVs have been shown to promote tumor progression through the induction of proliferation, growth, angiogenesis, resistance to chemotherapy, and metastasis. However, the role of resistin in the migration, invasion, and secretion of EVs in invasive prostate tumor cells remains to be studied. In the present study, we demonstrate that resistin induces increased migration and invasion in PC3 cells. In addition, these phenomena are accompanied by increased p-FAK levels and increased secretion of MMP-2 and MMP-9 in resistin-treated PC3 cells. Interestingly, EVs isolated from supernatants of PC3 cells treated with resistin induce an increase in migration and invasion accompanied by high MMP-2 and MMP-9 secretion in an autocrine stimulation model. In summary, our data for the first time demonstrate that resistin induces migration and invasion, partly through the secretion of EVs with pro-invasive characteristics in PC3 cells.
ABSTRACT
The global exploration of snakebites requires the use of quantitative omics approaches to characterize snake venom as it enters into the systemic circulation. These omics approaches give insights into the venom proteome, but a further exploration is warranted to analyze the venom-reactome for the identification of snake venom biomarkers. The recent discovery of extracellular vesicles (EVs), and their critical cellular functions, has presented them as intriguing sources for biomarker discovery and disease diagnosis. Herein, we purified EV's from the snake venom (svEVs) of Crotalus atrox and C. oreganus helleri, and from plasma of BALB/c mice injected with venom from each snake using EVtrap in conjunction with quantitative mass spectrometry for the proteomic identification and quantification of svEVs and plasma biomarkers. Snake venom EVs from C. atrox and C. o. helleri were highly enriched in 5' nucleosidase, L-amino acid oxidase, and metalloproteinases. In mouse plasma EVs, a bioinformatic analysis for revealed upregulated responses involved with cytochrome P450, lipid metabolism, acute phase inflammation immune, and heat shock responses, while downregulated proteins were associated with mitochondrial electron transport, NADH, TCA, cortical cytoskeleton, reticulum stress, and oxidative reduction. Altogether, this analysis will provide direct evidence for svEVs composition and observation of the physiological changes of an envenomated organism.
Subject(s)
Biomarkers/metabolism , Crotalid Venoms/blood , Crotalid Venoms/chemistry , Crotalid Venoms/metabolism , Crotalid Venoms/toxicity , Crotalus , Extracellular Vesicles/metabolism , Mice, Inbred BALB C/blood , Animals , Biomarkers/blood , Mice , Mice, Inbred BALB C/metabolism , Models, Animal , Proteomics/methodsABSTRACT
Se realizó un estudio retrospectivo de 363 histórias clínicas de pacientes ambulatoriais de la consulta particular, utilizando como criterios de selección, entre otros, un seguimiento mínimo de 2 semestres y el presentar por lo menos tres sintomas de la triada diagnóstica de la Rinitis alérgica, obteniéndose 126 casos nominados como Rinitis alérgica típica
Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Child , Adult , Homeopathy , Rhinitis, Allergic, PerennialABSTRACT
El principal objetivo de este trabajo es el de mostrar las particularidades y ventajas que posee el metodo constructivo "Tramo por Tramo", considerado como un metodo de rendimiento altamente economico y que viene a satisfacer las expectativas de construccion de puentes en los ultimos anos. Con este proposito se ha hecho una introduccion a los diferentes metodos de construccion segmentada que han venido desrrollandose hasta el momento en el mundo, destacandose sus diferencias tanto tecnicas como constructivas y lo mas importante, el campo de aplicacion que posee cada una de ellas. Para la aplicacion del metodo constructivo "tramo por tramo", se ha tomado como ejemplo numerico la alternativa de solucion a la superestructura del puente ubicado sobre el rio "Sacta" cuya longitud total alcanza los 824 (m). El proyecto encara desde el diseno transversal de la seccion cajon hasta el diseno longitudinal del puente; en el se consideran las diferentes etapas constructivas y sus efectos adicionales, entre lo que podemos destacar la fluencia del hormigon cuyo efecto produce una redistribucion de momentos. De esta manera se obtinene una estructura segura, esbelta y economica, que puede ser ejecutada en un corto periodo de tiempo.
ABSTRACT
Contenido: Primera parte: Introduccion. Segunda parte: Metodologia 1. Especies en estudio 2. Obtencion de muestras 3. Propiedades fisicas 4. Propiedades mecanicas 5. Procesamiento de datos. Tercera parte. Resultados.
