Timing of surgical repair of the stented aortic arch and coarctation in neonates.

We report a neonate with aortic arch hypoplasia and coarctation, in whom patency of the arterial duct could not be re-established and who was too ill to undergo primary surgical correction safely. This patient was treated in two stages: 1) angioplasty and stenting, 2) surgical correction. The safe period for surgical correction may be 2-3 weeks after angioplasty and stenting.

Perforación de válvula pulmonar e implante de stent en el tracto de salida del ventrículo derecho por procedimiento híbrido como alternativa a la fístula central / Pulmonary valve perforation and stent implantation in the right ventricle outflow tract using a hybrid procedure as an alternative to a central shunt

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Implante percutáneo de válvula pulmonar Melody por vía transhepática en paciente de ocho años / Percutaneous pulmonary Melody valve implantation through the transhepatic route in an 8-year-old patient

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Follow-up of a simple method for aortic valve reconstruction with fixed pericardium in children.

In 2013, we published a simple method for aortic valve reconstruction in children using fixed pericardium in this journal. This was not expected to be a durable solution but a temporizing measure in the absence of other solutions, in order to buy time for growth that would allow subsequent prosthetic valve insertion. As such, this was implemented in 3 patients with excellent immediate results, as reported in our original publication. We are now writing to provide longer term information. In 2 cases, a newborn and a 12-year-old boy, the valve calcified heavily at 4 years' follow-up. By then, the valvar annulus had grown sufficiently to accept a prosthetic valve in both cases. In these 2 cases, the material used for valve reconstruction was autologous pericardium fixed in 0.6% gluteraldehyde. In the third patient, a 3-year-old girl, the valve failed by dehiscence of the suture line 6 months following surgery. In this case, fixed bovine pericardium had been used, which is more rigid than autologous pericardium, thus possibly explaining the dehiscence. However, the pericardial patch was not calcified. Thus, the described method lived up to our expectation of buying time for growth for later insertion of a prosthetic valve in 2 of the 3 cases.

Utilidad de la angiografía rotacional 3D en el diagnóstico de origen anómalo de arteria coronaria izquierda en tronco pulmonar / Use of 3D-rotational angiography in the diagnosis of the anomalous origin of the left coronary artery in the pulmonary artery

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Oral Nadolol for Children with Infantile Hemangiomas and Sleep Disturbances with Oral Propranolol.

BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVE: Oral propranolol has been shown to be safe and effective in infants with infantile hemangioma (IH). Side effects such as sleep disturbances have been associated with propranolol. The aim of this study was to evaluate the efficacy and safety of oral nadolol in a small series of patients whose propranolol therapy was discontinued due to sleep disturbances. METHODS: A retrospective study of patients with IHs who were treated with oral nadolol due to propranolol-related sleep disturbances at a pediatric tertiary care center between July 2008 and March 2013. Clinical response to oral nadolol and disappearance of propranolol-related side effects were analyzed. RESULTS: A total of 97 patients presenting IH received oral propranolol. Nine patients (9.3%) developed sleep disturbances. Oral propranolol was discontinued in seven patients and switched to oral nadolol, with resolution of these side effects in 5 (71%) of the cases. One patient developed sleep disturbances again after four months of oral nadolol. LIMITATIONS: The sample size was too small to draw generalizable conclusions and to draw any statistical inference as to the incidence of sleep disturbances with nadolol therapy. CONCLUSIONS: The use of oral nadolol in the treatment of IH in our series of 7 patients, resolved the propranolol-related sleep disturbances in 5 (71%), while in one patient the symptoms recurred after 4 months of oral nadolol at a dose of 2 mg/kg/day. In most cases, switching beta-blockers did not compromise efficacy, and is recommended when sleep disturbance necessitates discontinuation of beta-blocker therapy of IH.

Resultados a largo plazo de la valvuloplastia transluminal percutánea en la estenosis valvular pulmonar en población pediátrica / Long-term Results of Percutaneous Balloon Valvuloplasty in Pulmonary Valve Stenosis in the Pediatric Population

Introducción y objetivos La valvuloplastia pulmonar percutánea se ha convertido en el tratamiento de elección en los casos de estenosis valvular pulmonar. El objetivo de este estudio es evaluar la efectividad, determinar los factores predictores de éxito y analizar los resultados a largo plazo en población pediátrica. Métodos El estudio comprende a 53 pacientes con estenosis valvular pulmonar sometidos a valvuloplastia percutánea en el periodo entre diciembre de 1985 y diciembre de 2000. En el control realizado a largo plazo, se analizaron parámetros ecocardiográficos de tamaño y función de ventrículo derecho, presencia de insuficiencia pulmonar y el gradiente transvalvular pulmonar residual. Resultados El gradiente transvalvular pulmonar disminuyó de 74 [intervalo intercuartílico, 65-100] a 20 [intervalo intercuartílico, 14-34] mmHg. El procedimiento fue fallido en 2 pacientes (3,77%). La tasa de éxito inmediato se situó en el 73,58%. El tiempo de seguimiento mostró una mediana de 15 [intervalo intercuartílico, 10-24] años. Todos los pacientes en el seguimiento mostraban algún grado de insuficiencia pulmonar, en el 58,4% de los casos de grado II y en el 31,2%, de grado III . Hubo un único caso de reestenosis a largo plazo (2,1%), y tenían dilatación ventricular derecha grave el 27,1% de los pacientes. Según los parámetros estudiados, no hubo casos de disfunción ventricular derecha significativa. No fue preciso el recambio valvular pulmonar en ninguno de los casos. Conclusiones La valvuloplastia transluminal percutánea con catéter balón es una técnica efectiva en el tratamiento de la estenosis valvular pulmonar, con buenos resultados a largo plazo (AU)

Introduction and objectives Percutaneous pulmonary valvuloplasty is the preferred interventional procedure for pulmonary valve stenosis. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of this technique, assess the factors leading to its success, and determine the long-term results in the pediatric population. Methods The study included 53 patients with pulmonary valve stenosis undergoing percutaneous balloon valvuloplasty between December 1985 and December 2000. Right ventricular size and functional echocardiographic parameters, such as pulmonary regurgitation and residual transvalvular gradient, were assessed during long-term follow-up. Results Peak-to-peak transvalvular gradient decreased from 74 mmHg [interquartile range, 65-100 mmHg] to 20 mmHg [interquartile range, 14-34 mmHg]. The procedure was unsuccessful in 2 patients (3.77%). The immediate success rate was 73.58%. Follow-up ranged from 10 years to 24 years (median, 15 years). During follow-up, all patients developed late pulmonary regurgitation which was assessed as grade II in 58.4% and grade III in 31.2%. There was only 1 case of long-term restenosis (2.1%). Severe right ventricular dilatation was observed in 27.1% of the patients. None of the patients developed significant right ventricular dysfunction. Pulmonary valve replacement was not required in any of the patients. Conclusions Percutaneous balloon valvuloplasty is an effective technique in the treatment of pulmonary valve stenosis with good long-term results (AU)

Long-term results of percutaneous balloon valvuloplasty in pulmonary valve stenosis in the pediatric population.

INTRODUCTION AND OBJECTIVES: Percutaneous pulmonary valvuloplasty is the preferred interventional procedure for pulmonary valve stenosis. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of this technique, assess the factors leading to its success, and determine the long-term results in the pediatric population. METHODS: The study included 53 patients with pulmonary valve stenosis undergoing percutaneous balloon valvuloplasty between December 1985 and December 2000. Right ventricular size and functional echocardiographic parameters, such as pulmonary regurgitation and residual transvalvular gradient, were assessed during long-term follow-up. RESULTS: Peak-to-peak transvalvular gradient decreased from 74 mmHg [interquartile range, 65-100 mmHg] to 20 mmHg [interquartile range, 14-34 mmHg]. The procedure was unsuccessful in 2 patients (3.77%). The immediate success rate was 73.58%. Follow-up ranged from 10 years to 24 years (median, 15 years). During follow-up, all patients developed late pulmonary regurgitation which was assessed as grade II in 58.4% and grade III in 31.2%. There was only 1 case of long-term restenosis (2.1%). Severe right ventricular dilatation was observed in 27.1% of the patients. None of the patients developed significant right ventricular dysfunction. Pulmonary valve replacement was not required in any of the patients. CONCLUSIONS: Percutaneous balloon valvuloplasty is an effective technique in the treatment of pulmonary valve stenosis with good long-term results.