ABSTRACT
In order to study the function of the hypothalamic-pituitary-testicular axis in men referring for severe oligospermia, the hormonal pattern of 57 oligospermic men was compared to those of 19 healthy volunteers. Fourteen patients had plasma gonadotrophin levels in the normal range contrasting with low plasma testosterone (T) levels. An hyperprolactinemia was found in 2 of these men who were treated with bromocriptine. A dramatic increase in sperm count was obtained on month 9 to 12 of the therapy and 5 pregnancies were obtained. Two men with hypogonadotrophic hypogonadism and azoospermia were treated with gonadotrophins. Such a treatment induced a desquamation of immature germinal cells in the sperm on month 6 and the maturation et spermatozoa on month 18. By contrast to the latter patients, 8 men had a decrease in plasma T levels without clinical signs of hypoandrogenism. The spermocytogram showed numerous immature germinal cells. On month 7 of a treatment using gonadotrophins, the sperm count rose and 4 pregnancies were obtained after 3 to 12 months of therapy. In 2 patients an isolated FSH deficiency was suspected on the basis of undetectable FSH levels unresponsive to the infusion of GnRH. These patients were treated with hMG. This treatment induced a sharp increase in sperm count on month 6. Forty-three patients had an increase in either LH and/or FSH: 24 men had plasma testosterone and LH levels in the normal ranges, contrasting with an increase in plasma FSH level. In such men, the mean of testosterone level was significantly (p less than 0.001) lower than in controls.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
