ABSTRACT
Mid-ileal conduit stenosis is an unusual yet morbid complication following ileal conduit urinary diversion. We report the cases of four patients who developed mid-ileal stenosis at an average interval of 19.5 years after urinary diversion, with the longest interval being 25 years. This series emphasizes the importance of life-long follow-up of patients who have had urinary-intestinal diversion.
Subject(s)
Ileal Diseases/etiology , Urinary Diversion/adverse effects , Adolescent , Adult , Bladder Exstrophy/surgery , Carcinoma, Transitional Cell/surgery , Child , Child, Preschool , Constriction, Pathologic/etiology , Female , Follow-Up Studies , Humans , Ileum/surgery , Infant , Male , Middle Aged , Time Factors , Ureterostomy/methods , Urinary Bladder Neoplasms/surgery , Urinary Bladder, Neurogenic/surgeryABSTRACT
A T1-weighted inversion-recovery (IR) sequence was used to study 15 patients with possible fatty change in the liver. The inversion time (TI) was calculated for optimal suppression of normal liver signal (t-null). Conventional spin-echo (SE) and short TI IR (STIR) sequences were also performed. For seven documented benign focal fatty liver lesions, the T1-weighted IR (fat-enhanced) sequence clearly enabled differentiation of normal from fat-infiltrated liver, whereas three of these lesions were isointense to normal liver with all other sequences. The livers of the other nine patients (two normal, one with diffuse fatty change, two with metastatic disease, one with hemangioma, one with focal nodular hyperplasia, one with simple cyst, and one with micronodular cirrhosis) showed homogeneous reduction of liver signal with the fat-enhanced IR sequence.
Subject(s)
Fatty Liver/diagnosis , Liver/pathology , Magnetic Resonance Imaging/methods , Adolescent , Adult , Aged , Child , Female , Humans , Image Enhancement/methods , Image Processing, Computer-Assisted , Male , Middle AgedABSTRACT
A case is presented of xanthogranulomatous cholecystitis that resembled carcinoma of the gallbladder on computed tomography. The large, infiltrating mass satisfied the criteria for massive carcinoma of the gallbladder.
Subject(s)
Cholecystitis/diagnostic imaging , Granuloma/diagnostic imaging , Tomography, X-Ray Computed , Xanthomatosis/diagnostic imaging , Calcinosis/diagnostic imaging , Diagnosis, Differential , Gallbladder/pathology , Gallbladder Neoplasms/diagnostic imaging , Humans , Male , Middle AgedABSTRACT
Intravenous digital subtraction angiography demonstrated a polypoid carcinosarcoma invading the left main pulmonary artery, The angiographic criteria of inoperability of patients with central pulmonary tumors are discussed.
Subject(s)
Carcinosarcoma/diagnostic imaging , Pulmonary Artery , Aged , Biopsy , Carcinosarcoma/pathology , Carcinosarcoma/surgery , Female , Humans , Pulmonary Artery/diagnostic imaging , Pulmonary Artery/pathology , RadiographyABSTRACT
A number of carboxylic ionophores stimulate the secretion of norepinephrine from cell suspensions prepared from a transplantable rat pheochromocytoma. The divalent-cation ionophore ionomycin stimulates catecholamine secretion by a mechanism that is dependent upon the presence of extracellular Ca++. It is likely that ionomycin-induced catecholamine secretion results from the ionophore-mediated entry of Ca++ into the cells. The monovalent-cation ionophore monensin stimulates catecholamine secretion by a mechanism that is independent of extracellular Ca++, but is markedly dependent upon extracellular Na+. Monensin probably transports Na+ into the pheochromocytoma cells and increases the intracellular concentration of Na+ in these cells. This rise in intracellular Na+ may cause the release of Ca++ from some intracellular store. Lasalocid stimulates catecholamine secretion by a mechanism that is independent of extracellular Ca++ and is only slightly dependent upon extracellular Na+. The action of lasalocid, in contrast to the actions of ionomycin and monensin, is potentiated by decreased pH. It is likely that lasalocid enters the cells in its uncharged, protonated form. Once inside the cells, lasalocid may promote the release of intracellular Ca++. Alternatively, lasalocid and monensin may stimulate catecholamine secretion by the process which is independent of Ca++. These experiments show that ionophores can stimulate catecholamine secretion by at least three distinct ionic mechanisms.
