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ABSTRACT The study investigated the policy of funding sports scholarships to student-athletes linked to the Federal University of Mato Grosso do Sul, Brazil. This is exploratory and documentary research, with an analysis of the opening and results edicts of the Athlete Scholarship Program (2010-2021). The institution has the Athlete Scholarship Program. Scholarships were paid R$400.00, with an annual duration of 9 and 7 months, with emphasis on individual sports, especially wrestling, athletics, and swimming. It is concluded that the university presents a policy that favors the sport of institutional representation, however, not the high performance, given the low value of the scholarship and the non-payment of it in the first quarter of all the years analyzed.
RESUMO O estudo investigou a política de financiamento de bolsas esportivas à estudantes-atletas vinculados à Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso do Sul, Brasil. Trata-se de pesquisa exploratória e documental, com análise de editais de abertura e de resultados do Programa Bolsa Atleta (2010-2021). A instituição conta com o Programa Bolsa Atleta. Foram pagas bolsas de R$400,00, com duração anual de 9 e 7 meses, com destaque para modalidades individuais, sobretudo, lutas, atletismo e natação. Conclui-se que a universidade apresenta política que favorece o esporte de representação institucional, porém, não o de alto rendimento, dado ao baixo valor da bolsa e o não pagamento da mesma no primeiro trimestre de todos os anos analisados.
RESUMEN El estudio investigó la política de financiamiento de becas deportivas para estudiantes-atletas vinculados a la Universidad Federal de Mato Grosso do Sul, Brasil. Se trata de una investigación exploratoria y documental, con análisis de convocatorias de apertura y resultados del Programa Bolsa Atleta (2010-2021). La institución cuenta con el Programa Bolsa Atleta. Se pagaron becas por valor de R$ 400,00, con duración anual de 9 y 7 meses, con énfasis en las modalidades individuales, sobre todo, lucha, atletismo y natación. Se concluye que la universidad tiene una política que favorece el deporte de representación institucional, sin embargo, no el deporte de alto rendimiento, dado el bajo valor de la beca y el impago de la misma en el primer trimestre de todos los años analizados.
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In this work, a two-step sequential extraction scheme for the determination of trace elements in Arctic PM10 samples was optimized by using two certified reference materials (CRMs). By means of an experimental design for qualitative variables, the five most common extracting solutions for particulate matter (PM) sequential extraction (high purity water (HPW), 0.032 M HNO3, 0.022 M HCl, 0.11 M CH3COOH, and 0.012 M CH3COOH/CH3COONH4 buffer) and two different extraction methods (stirring and ultrasounds) were compared. The purpose of the study was the identification of the procedure which gives the best estimation of the anthropogenic portion of the elements present in PM10 samples. The use of ultrasounds instead of stirring induced a low but significant decrease of the extraction of all the elements and a decrease in the repeatability of the procedure. Diluted HNO3 was the extractant which allowed to maximize the extraction of anthropogenic elements (As, Cd, Pb, Zn) with respect to crustal ones (Al, Si, Ti). The optimized procedure proved successful in avoiding contaminations and, therefore, suitable to be applied to PM samples having extremely low concentrations, such as samples collected in polar or other remote areas. The chosen procedure was applied to ten Arctic PM10 samples, allowing for a better identification of their sources. Indeed, it was possible to hypothesize that even though the concentrations of As, Cd, K, Mg, Mn, and Ni in spring and summer were different, their mobility and, therefore, their chemical form in the analyzed PM10 samples were probably similar. Graphical abstract.
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Disentangling the effects of climate and human impact on the long-term evolution of the Earth Critical Zone is crucial to understand the array of its potential responses to the ongoing Global Change. This task requires natural archives from which local information about soil and vegetation can be linked directly to climate parameters. Here we present a high-resolution, well-dated, speleothem multiproxy record from the SW Italian Alps, spanning the last ~10,000 years of the present interglacial (Holocene). We correlate magnetic properties and the carbon stable isotope ratio to soil stability and pedogenesis, whereas the oxygen isotope composition is interpreted as primarily related to precipitation amount, modulated at different timescales by changes in precipitation source and seasonality. During the 9.7-2.8 ka period, when anthropic pressure over the catchment was scarce, intervals of enhanced soil erosion are related to climate-driven vegetation contractions and occurred during drier periods. Immediately following the onset of the Iron Age (ca. 2.8 ka), by contrast, periods of enhanced soil erosion coincided with a wetter climate. We propose that the observed changes in the soil response to climate forcing were related to early anthropogenic manipulations of Earth's surface, which made the ECZ more sensitive to climate oscillations.
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Repeated-sprint training (RST) is considered a critical training method in team sports. It is well known that RST effects may depend on several variables such as the duration of the protocol and repeated-sprint methodology. Few studies have evaluated very short-term protocols and compared different RST modalities. The aim of this study was to compare the effectiveness of 2 week RST including straight sprints or changes of direction (CODs) on physical performance in a sample of soccer players. This study used a randomised pre-post parallel group trial design. The participants were assigned to either an RST group using straight sprints (RST-SS = 18 players) or an RST group using CODs (RST-COD = 18 players). The protocols were: 3 sets of 7 x 30 m sprints for the RST-SS and 7 x 20 + 20 m (one COD of 180°) for the RST-COD, with 20 s and 4 min recovery between sprints and sets, respectively. The following evaluations were performed: 10 and 20 m sprint, agility test, repeated sprint test (RSTbest and RSTmean), and Yo-Yo Recovery Level 1. After the training period, the RST-SS did not report any performance variation, while the RST-COD showed improvements in the 10 m sprint and RSTbest (effect size = 0.70 and 0.65, respectively). The between-group analysis did not report any statistical difference between the RST-SS and the RST-COD. In conclusion, this study did not support the utilisation of a very short-term RST protocol with soccer players, however, the RST-COD presented some additional benefits in sprint performance compared to the RST-SS.
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Objetivo: analisar a Qualidade de Vida dos profissionais de enfermagem no ambiente laboral hospitalar. Método: estudo exploratório, de abordagem quantitativa, com 125 profissionais de enfermagem de uma instituição hospitalar privada de Salvador/BA, Brasil. Foi utilizado, como instrumento de avaliação da QV, os questionários WHOQOL, BREF e outro para traçar o perfil dos profissionais de enfermagem. Para a análise dos dados, utilizou-se o software Excel Microsoft Corporation. Os resultados foram organizados e expostos em tabelas e figuras. Resultado: foi evidenciado que a QV dos profissionais de enfermagem foi de 72%, considerada boa. Ao analisar a QV em dois setores do hospital, foi evidenciado que a qualidade de vida da UTI 69% foi maior que na Emergência 64,9%, p-valor ≤0,05. Em relação às categorias dos profissionais de enfermagem, todos informaram possuir uma boa QV. Conclusão: os profissionais de enfermagem do estudo possuem boa QV. Sugerem-se novos estudos em outros setores do hospital e a ampliação para rede hospitalar pública.(AU)
Objective: to analyze the life quality of nursing professionals in the hospital work environment. Method: an exploratory study with a quantitative approach, with 125 nursing professionals from a private hospital in Salvador/BA, Brazil. It was used as an evaluation tool QoL, WHOQOL questionnaires, BREF and the other to trace the profile of nursing professionals. For data analysis, we used the Excel software of Microsoft Corporation. The results were organized and displayed in tables and figures. Result: it was shown that the QOL of nurses was 72%, considered good. By analyzing the QOL in two sectors of the hospital, it showed that ICU quality of life 69%, and higher than in Emergency 64.9%, p-value ≤0,05. As regards the categories of nursing professionals, all reported having a good quality of life. Conclusion: the study of nursing professionals is good QOL. new studies are suggested in other hospital departments and expansion for public hospital networks.(AU)
Objetivo: analizar la calidad de vida (CV) de los profesionales de enfermería en el ambiente de trabajo. Método: estudio exploratorio, enfoque cuantitativo, con 125 profesionales de enfermería de un hospital privado en Salvador/BA, Brasil. Fue utilizado como una herramienta para la evaluación de la CV, los cuestionarios WHOQOL BREF y otros para trazar el perfil de los profesionales de enfermería. Para el análisis de datos, se utilizó el software Microsoft Excel Corporation. Los resultados fueron organizados y muestran en tablas y figuras. Resultados: se evidenció que la CV de los profesionales de enfermería fue 72%, considerada como buena. A lo largo del análisis de la CV en dos sectores del hospital, fue evidenciado que la calidad de vida de la UCI 69%, fue mayor que en caso de emergencia 64,9%, valor de p ≤0,05. En relación con las categorías de profesionales de enfermería, todos reportados poseyendo una buena CV. Conclusión: los profesionales de enfermería del estudio tienen buena CV. Se sugieren nuevos estudios en otras áreas del hospital y la expansión de la red pública hospitalaria.(AU)
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Humans , Male , Female , Working Conditions , Nursing, Team , Quality of Life , Nursing Staff, Hospital , Job Satisfaction , Occupational Health , Hospitals, ProprietaryABSTRACT
BACKGROUND: The Kato-Katz (KK) stool smear is the standard test for the diagnosis of Schistosoma mansoni infection, but suffers from low sensitivity when infections intensities are moderate to low. Thus, misdiagnosed individuals remain untreated and contribute to the disease transmission, thereby forestalling public health efforts to move from a modality of disease control to one of elimination. As an alternative, the urine-based diagnosis of schistosomiasis mansoni via the circulating cathodic antigen immuno-chromatographic test (CCA-ICT) has been extensively evaluated in Africa with the conclusion that it may replace the KK test in areas where prevalences are moderate or high. METHODS AND FINDINGS: The objective was to measure the performance of the CCA-ICT in a sample study population composed of residents from non-endemic and endemic areas for schistosomiasis mansoni in two municipalities of Minas Gerais state, Brazil. Volunteers (130) were classified into three infection status groups based on duplicate Kato-Katz thick smears from one stool sample (2KK test): 41 negative individuals from non-endemic areas, 41 negative individuals from endemic areas and 48 infected individuals from endemic areas. Infection status was also determined by the CCA-ICT and infection exposure by antibody ELISA (enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay) to S. mansoni soluble egg antigen (SEA) and soluble (adult) worm antigen preparation (SWAP). Sensitivity and specificity were influenced by whether the trace score visually adjudicated in the CCA-ICT was characterized as positive or negative for S. mansoni infection. An analysis of a two-graph receiver operating characteristic was performed to change the cutoff point. When the trace score was interpreted as a positive rather than as a negative result, the specificity decreased from 97.6% to 78.0% whereas sensitivity increased from 68.7% to 85.4%. A significantly positive correlation between the CCA-ICT scores and egg counts was identified (r = 0.6252, p = 0.0001). However, the CCA-ICT misdiagnosed as negative 14.6% of 2KK positive individuals, predominantly those with light infections (fewer than 100 eggs/g feces). Considering 2KK as reference test, the discriminating power of the CCA-ICT (the area under the curve [AUC] = 0.817) was greater than the SEA-ELISA (AUC = 0.744) and SWAP-ELISA (AUC = 0.704). CONCLUSION: Our data for the performance of the CCA-ICT in the Brazilian communities endemic for schistosomiasis mansoni support those from Africa, i.e., in areas with greater infection prevalence and intensities, the CCA-ICT may be useful as a tool to indicate community-based preventative chemotherapy without individual diagnosis. However, because of the Brazilian Ministry of Health's recommendation for individual diagnosis in areas where prevalence is less than 15%, i.e., those areas in which infection intensities are likely to be lowest, the CCA-ICT lacks the sensitivity to be used as standalone diagnostic tool.