Anti-Brucella spp. antibodies in working equids in a semiarid region of Northeastern Brazil / Anticorpos anti-Brucella spp. em equídeos de tração em uma região semiárida do Nordeste do Brasil

The present study described the prevalence and factors associated with the seropositivity for anti-Brucella spp. antibodies in working equids in the semiarid regionofnortheastern Brazil. Blood samples were collected from 322 equids (76 horses, 155 mules and 91 donkeys). The Rose Bengal plate test (RBPT) was used as a screening method. Samples that were reactive in the RBPT were tested for confirmation using 2-mercaptoethanol (2-ME) and the standard tube agglutination test (STAT). Overall, 7.1% (23/322) of the samples were positive according to the RBPT. After confirmatory tests, the prevalence of brucellosis was found to be 6.5% (21/322). Among these cases, 33.3% (7/21) were horses, 42.8% (9/21) were mules and 23.9% (5/21) were donkeys. In the multivariate analysis, age over 10 years was considered to be a factor associated with the seropositivity (OR: 17.17; 95% CI: 2.582-164.7, P = 0.006) for anti-Brucella spp. antibodies. The significant prevalence of anti-Brucella spp. antibodies found in working equids and the wide distribution of positive animals demonstrates a worrying epidemiological situation regarding brucellosis in the study region. Age over 10 years was a risk factor associated with the seropositivity for anti-Brucella spp. antibodies in animals.

O objetivo do presente estudo foi descrever a prevalência e os fatores associados à infecção por Brucellaspp. em equídeos de trabalho na região semiárida do Nordeste do Brasil. Amostras de sangue foram coletadas de 322 equídeos (76 equinos, 155 muares e 91 asininos). O teste de placa Rosa Bengala (RBPT) foi usado como método de triagem. As amostras que foram reativas no RBPT foram enviadas para confirmação usando 2-mercaptoetanol (2-ME) e o teste padrão de aglutinação em tubo (STAT). Ao todo, 7,1% (23/322) das amostras foram positivas segundo o RBPT. Após testes confirmatórios, a prevalência de brucelose foi de 6,5% (21/322). Destes casos, 33,3% (7/21) foram equinos, 42,8% (9/21) muares e 23,9% (5/21) asininos. Na análise multivariada, idade acima de 10 anos foi considerada fator associado à infecção (OR: 17,17; 95% CI: 2,582-164,7, P = 0.006) por Brucellas pp. A prevalência significativa de anticorpos anti-Brucella spp. encontrados em equídeos de trabalho e a ampla distribuição de animais positivos demonstra uma situação epidemiológica preocupante em relação à brucelose na região de estudo. A idade superior a 10 anos foi um fator de risco associado à infecção em animais.

Parasitic profile of traction equids in the semi-arid climate of Paraíba State, Northeastern, Brazil / Perfil parasitário de equídeos de tração em clima semiárido do Estado da Paraíba, Nordeste do Brasil

The objective of this study was to determine the parasitological profiles of traction equids from the semi-arid climate of Paraíba (PB) State. We analyzed 96 equids that performed traction work, with no defined breed, males and females, and all older than 24 months. Among the analyzed animals, 51% were donkeys, 41.7% mules, and 7.3% horses. Fecal material and blood were collected for parasitological examination and to determine the packed cell volume (PCV), respectively. The samples were sent to the Veterinary Parasitology Laboratory, Veterinary Hospital - IFPB, Sousa-PB campus, and epidemiological questionnaires were provided to the owners. It was observed that 83.3% of equids tested positive for gastrointestinal parasites. Strongylidae was the most prevalent parasite (83.3%), followed by Giardia sp. (5.3%), and Eimeria sp. (2.1%). The mean eggs per gram (EPG) value of the fecal samples was 1143. Fecal analysis revealed that 78.9% of the larvae were from small strongyles. The presence of ectoparasites was not observed in the studied animals. The answers to our questionnaire revealed that 69.8% of the animals had never been dewormed and that the remaining 31.2% had only been dewormed once. We concluded that the prevalence of gastrointestinal parasites among traction equids in the municipality of Sousa-PB is high.(AU)

Objetivou-se determinar o perfil parasitológico de equídeos carroceiros no município de Sousa, Sertão da Paraíba. Foram analisados 96 equídeos que realizavam trabalho de tração, sem raça definida, machos e fêmeas, idade superior a 24 meses. Dentre os animais analisados 51% foram asininos, 41,7% muares e 7,3% equinos. Foi coletado material fecal para exames coproparasitológicos e sanguíneo para determinação do volume globular (VG), encaminhados ao Laboratório de Parasitologia Veterinária, Hospital Veterinário - IFPB, campus Sousa-PB. Foi aplicado questionários epidemiológicos aos proprietários. Observou-se que 83,3% dos equídeos carroceiros foram positivos nos exames parasitológicos fecais. Os Estrongilídeos foram os parasitos mais prevalentes (83,3%), seguidos por Giardia sp. (5,3%). e Eimeria sp. (2,1%). A média de OPG dos equídeos carroceiros foi 1143. Nas coproculturas, constatou-se que 78,9% das larvas eram de pequenos estrôngilos. Não foi observada a presença de ectoparasitas. Em 69,8% dos animais nunca haviam sido vermifugados e os demais 31,2% apenas uma vez. Concluiu-se que é alta a prevalência de parasitos gastrintestinais em equídeos carroceiros do município de Sousa-PB.(AU)

Parasitic profile of traction equids in the semi-arid climate of Paraíba State, Northeastern, Brazil / Perfil parasitário de equídeos de tração em clima semiárido do Estado da Paraíba, Nordeste do Brasil

Abstract The objective of this study was to determine the parasitological profiles of traction equids from the semi-arid climate of Paraíba (PB) State. We analyzed 96 equids that performed traction work, with no defined breed, males and females, and all older than 24 months. Among the analyzed animals, 51% were donkeys, 41.7% mules, and 7.3% horses. Fecal material and blood were collected for parasitological examination and to determine the packed cell volume (PCV), respectively. The samples were sent to the Veterinary Parasitology Laboratory, Veterinary Hospital - IFPB, Sousa-PB campus, and epidemiological questionnaires were provided to the owners. It was observed that 83.3% of equids tested positive for gastrointestinal parasites. Strongylidae was the most prevalent parasite (83.3%), followed by Giardia sp. (5.3%), and Eimeria sp. (2.1%). The mean eggs per gram (EPG) value of the fecal samples was 1143. Fecal analysis revealed that 78.9% of the larvae were from "small strongyles". The presence of ectoparasites was not observed in the studied animals. The answers to our questionnaire revealed that 69.8% of the animals had never been dewormed and that the remaining 31.2% had only been dewormed once. We concluded that the prevalence of gastrointestinal parasites among traction equids in the municipality of Sousa-PB is high.

Resumo Objetivou-se determinar o perfil parasitológico de equídeos carroceiros no município de Sousa, Sertão da Paraíba. Foram analisados 96 equídeos que realizavam trabalho de tração, sem raça definida, machos e fêmeas, idade superior a 24 meses. Dentre os animais analisados 51% foram asininos, 41,7% muares e 7,3% equinos. Foi coletado material fecal para exames coproparasitológicos e sanguíneo para determinação do volume globular (VG), encaminhados ao Laboratório de Parasitologia Veterinária, Hospital Veterinário - IFPB, campus Sousa-PB. Foi aplicado questionários epidemiológicos aos proprietários. Observou-se que 83,3% dos equídeos carroceiros foram positivos nos exames parasitológicos fecais. Os Estrongilídeos foram os parasitos mais prevalentes (83,3%), seguidos por Giardia sp. (5,3%). e Eimeria sp. (2,1%). A média de OPG dos equídeos carroceiros foi 1143. Nas coproculturas, constatou-se que 78,9% das larvas eram de "pequenos estrôngilos". Não foi observada a presença de ectoparasitas. Em 69,8% dos animais nunca haviam sido vermifugados e os demais 31,2% apenas uma vez. Concluiu-se que é alta a prevalência de parasitos gastrintestinais em equídeos carroceiros do município de Sousa-PB.

Parasitic profile of traction equids in the semi-arid climate of Paraíba State, Northeastern, Brazil.

The objective of this study was to determine the parasitological profiles of traction equids from the semi-arid climate of Paraíba (PB) State. We analyzed 96 equids that performed traction work, with no defined breed, males and females, and all older than 24 months. Among the analyzed animals, 51% were donkeys, 41.7% mules, and 7.3% horses. Fecal material and blood were collected for parasitological examination and to determine the packed cell volume (PCV), respectively. The samples were sent to the Veterinary Parasitology Laboratory, Veterinary Hospital - IFPB, Sousa-PB campus, and epidemiological questionnaires were provided to the owners. It was observed that 83.3% of equids tested positive for gastrointestinal parasites. Strongylidae was the most prevalent parasite (83.3%), followed by Giardia sp. (5.3%), and Eimeria sp. (2.1%). The mean eggs per gram (EPG) value of the fecal samples was 1143. Fecal analysis revealed that 78.9% of the larvae were from "small strongyles". The presence of ectoparasites was not observed in the studied animals. The answers to our questionnaire revealed that 69.8% of the animals had never been dewormed and that the remaining 31.2% had only been dewormed once. We concluded that the prevalence of gastrointestinal parasites among traction equids in the municipality of Sousa-PB is high.