ABSTRACT
ABSTRACT Hypomineralized Second Primary Molars (HSPM) is the name used to describe the presence of demarcated enamel hypomineralization in second primary molars. HSPM has been compared with Molar Incisor Hypomineralization (MIH) as regards its clinical appearance and consequences. The aim of this study was to investigate associations between HSPM and dental caries in childhood. It was a cross-sectional population-based study that included 216 children aged 4-6 years from public schools in Botelhos, Brazil. Children with all second primary molars erupted were eligible for participation. Clinical examination was performed by one calibrated examiner. HSPM was recorded according to modified European Academy of Paediatric Dentistry criteria. The main outcome was dental caries experience as indicated by the dmft index (%dmft>0) according to WHO criteria. Chi-square test and Logistic Regression Model were used to adjust the results for effects of covariates Among the 216 children examined, 22.2% presented HSPM. After adjustment for logistic regression, children with HSPM were found to have a 2.28 times greater chance of presenting dental caries. Our results reinforce the importance of HSPM in caries development in children, which should be considered by public health dentists in the process of planning actions aimed at this population.
RESUMO A hipomineralizacao de segundo molar deciduo (HSMD) é de-nominação utilizada para descrever a presenga de hipomineralização demarcada do esmalte nos segundos molares decídus. A HSMD foi comparada com a hipomineralização de molares e incisivos (HMI) no que diz respeito á aparencia e as conse-quencias clínicas. O objetivo deste estudo foi investigar asso-ciações entre HSMD e cárie na infáncia. Foi realiza um estudo transversal de base populacional, composto por 216 criangas de 4 a 6 anos de idade de escolas públicas de Botelhos, Brasil. As criangas com todos os segundos molares deciduos foram elegíveis para participação. O exame clínico foi realizado por um examinador calibrado. A HSMD foi registrada de acordo com os critérios modificados da European Academy of Paediatric Dentistry. O desfecho principal foi a experiencia de cárie dentària nos dentes deciduos conforme o índice ceo (% ceo> 0), segundo os critérios da OMS. Os testes de Qui-quadrado e o modelo de regressao logística foram utilizados para ajustar os resultados dos efeitos das covariáveis. Verificou-se que entre as 216 criangas examinadas, 22,2% apresentaram HSMD. Após o ajuste da regressao logística, as criangas com HSMD tiveram 2,28 vezes mais chances de apresentar cárie dentària. Nossos resultados reforgam a importáncia do HSMD no desenvolvimento da cárie em criangas, fato que deve ser considerado pelos dentistas de saúde pública no processo de planejamento de ações voltadas a essa população.
Subject(s)
Child , Child, Preschool , Female , Humans , Male , Oral Health/statistics & numerical data , Dental Caries/epidemiology , Dental Enamel Hypoplasia , Molar/pathology , Brazil/epidemiology , Prevalence , Cross-Sectional Studies , Dental Enamel/pathology , Dental Enamel Hypoplasia/epidemiologyABSTRACT
Hypomineralized Second Primary Molars (HSPM) is the name used to describe the presence of demarcated enamel hypomineralization in second primary molars. HSPM has been compared with Molar Incisor Hypomineralization (MIH) as regards its clinical appearance and consequences. The aim of this study was to investigate associations between HSPM and dental caries in childhood. It was a cross-sectional populationbased study that included 216 children aged 4-6 years from public schools in Botelhos, Brazil. Children with all second primary molars erupted were eligible for participation. Clinical examination was performed by one calibrated examiner. HSPM was recorded according to modified European Academy of Paediatric Dentistry criteria. The main outcome was dental caries experience as indicated by the dmft index (%dmft>0) according to WHO criteria. Chi-square test and Logistic Regression Model were used to adjust the results for effects of covariates Among the 216 children examined, 22.2% presented HSPM. After adjustment for logistic regression, children with HSPM were found to have a 2.28 times greater chance of presenting dental caries. Our results reinforce the importance of HSPM in caries development in children, which should be considered by public health dentists in the process of planning actions aimed at this population.
A hipomineralizacao de segundo molar decíduo (HSMD) é denominação utilizada para descrever a presença de hipomineralização demarcada do esmalte nos segundos molares decídus. A HSMD foi comparada com a hipomineralização de molares e incisivos (HMI) no que diz respeito à aparência e às consequências clínicas. O objetivo deste estudo foi investigar associações entre HSMD e cárie na infância. Foi realiza um estudo transversal de base populacional, composto por 216 crianças de 4 a 6 anos de idade de escolas públicas de Botelhos, Brasil. As crianças com todos os segundos molares decíduos foram elegíveis para participação. O exame clínico foi realizado por um examinador calibrado. A HSMD foi registrada de acordo com os critérios modificados da European Academy of Paediatric Dentistry. O desfecho principal foi a experiência de cárie dentária nos dentes decíduos conforme o índice ceo (% ceo> 0), segundo os critérios da OMS. Os testes de Qui-quadrado e o modelo de regressão logística foram utilizados para ajustar os resultados dos efeitos das covariáveis. Verificou-se que entre as 216 crianças examinadas, 22,2% apresentaram HSMD. Após o ajuste da regressão logística, as crianças com HSMD tiveram 2,28 vezes mais chances de apresentar cárie dentária. Nossos resultados reforçam a importância do HSMD no desenvolvimento da cárie em crianças, fato que deve ser considerado pelos dentistas de saúde pública no processo de planejamento de ações voltadas a essa população.
Subject(s)
Dental Caries/epidemiology , Dental Enamel Hypoplasia , Molar/pathology , Oral Health/statistics & numerical data , Brazil/epidemiology , Child , Child, Preschool , Cross-Sectional Studies , Dental Enamel/pathology , Dental Enamel Hypoplasia/epidemiology , Female , Humans , Male , PrevalenceABSTRACT
BACKGROUND: Predicting risk of posteruptive enamel breakdown (PEB) of molar-incisor hypomineralization (MIH) opacity is a difficult but important clinical task. Therefore, there is a need to evaluate these aspects through longitudinal studies. OBJECTIVE: The aim of this longitudinal study was to analyse the relationship between colours of MIH opacity of children aged 6-12 (baseline) and other clinical and demographic variables involved in the increase in severity of MIH. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A blinded prospective 18-month follow-up was conducted with 147 individuals presenting mild MIH. Tooth-based incidence of increase in severity of MIH (PEB or atypical restorations) was used as dependent measurement. Enamel opacities were recorded according to colour shades of white, yellow and brown, allowing assessment of susceptibility to structural loss over time, according to colour of MIH opacity. Poisson regression models were used to adjust the results for demographic and clinical variables. RESULTS: Brown and yellow MIH opacities were at higher risk for PEB and atypical restorations than those of white ones, even after adjustment for clinical and demographic variables. CONCLUSION: Teeth presenting mild MIH severity associated with yellow and brown enamel opacities were at high risk for increase in severity of MIH than lighter ones. This result could help clinicians determine a risk-based treatment for children with MIH.
