ABSTRACT
En esta investigación se estudió la toma de conciencia de trece emociones positivas, negativas y ambiguas con alumnado de diferentes niveles educativos a través de juegos de cuatro dominios de acción motriz (psicomotor, cooperación, oposición y cooperación-oposición) con y sin competición. Además se revisó el modelo de clasificación de las emociones elaborado por Bisquerra, Participaron alumnos de ESO, universitario y graduados. Los datos se registraron mediante el cuestionario GES (games and emotion scale) y se analizaron mediante árboles de clasificación. Los resultados identificaron únicamente dos grupos de emociones: positivas y negativas. Las emociones positivas de alegría y humor alcanzaron los valores más intensos en los juegos con adversarios; mientras que la felicidad y el amor fueron más intensos en los juegos cooperativos y sobre todo en mujeres. Las emociones negativas fueron más intensas en juegos con competición y con alumnos universitarios
The aim of the research is the awareness of thirteen emotions classified as positive, negative and ambiguous. It was done with students of different educational background, through competitive and non competitive activities, belonging to four domains of the motor action (psychomotor, cooperation, opposition and cooperation/opposition). In addition, the model of emotional competence elaborated by Bisquerra was reviewed. High school, college and minor degree students were the research participants. Data was collected using the GES (games and emotion scale) questionnaire and analyzed through classification trees. The results only showed two types of emotions: positive and negative. The positive emotions regarding joy and humor reached the highest values in competitive games, whereas happiness and love had the highest values in cooperative games, especially with women. Negative emotions had higher values in competitive games with college students
Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adolescent , Young Adult , Adult , Sports/psychology , Awareness , Expressed Emotion/physiology , Emotional Intelligence/physiology , Psychomotor Performance/physiology , Emotions , Athletic Performance/psychology , Data Analysis , Statistics, NonparametricABSTRACT
The retinoblastoma gene, rb, ensures at least its tumor suppressor function by inhibiting cell proliferation. Its role in apoptosis is more complex and less described than its role in cell cycle regulation. Rbf1, the Drosophila homolog of Rb, has been found to be pro-apoptotic in proliferative tissue. However, the way it induces apoptosis at the molecular level is still unknown. To decipher this mechanism, we induced rbf1 expression in wing proliferative tissue. We found that Rbf1-induced apoptosis depends on dE2F2/dDP heterodimer, whereas dE2F1 transcriptional activity is not required. Furthermore, we highlight that Rbf1 and dE2F2 downregulate two major anti-apoptotic genes in Drosophila: buffy, an anti-apoptotic member of Bcl-2 family and diap1, a gene encoding a caspase inhibitor. On the one hand, Rbf1/dE2F2 repress buffy at the transcriptional level, which contributes to cell death. On the other hand, Rbf1 and dE2F2 upregulate how expression. How is a RNA binding protein involved in diap1 mRNA degradation. By this way, Rbf1 downregulates diap1 at a post-transcriptional level. Moreover, we show that the dREAM complex has a part in these transcriptional regulations. Taken together, these data show that Rbf1, in cooperation with dE2F2 and some members of the dREAM complex, can downregulate the anti-apoptotic genes buffy and diap1, and thus promote cell death in a proliferative tissue.
Subject(s)
Drosophila Proteins/metabolism , Drosophila/metabolism , E2F2 Transcription Factor/metabolism , Inhibitor of Apoptosis Proteins/metabolism , Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-bcl-2/metabolism , Transcription Factors/metabolism , 3' Untranslated Regions , 5' Untranslated Regions , Animals , Apoptosis , Carrier Proteins/antagonists & inhibitors , Carrier Proteins/genetics , Carrier Proteins/metabolism , Caspases/metabolism , Cell Cycle Proteins/metabolism , Down-Regulation , Drosophila/growth & development , Drosophila Proteins/antagonists & inhibitors , Drosophila Proteins/genetics , E2F2 Transcription Factor/genetics , Inhibitor of Apoptosis Proteins/genetics , Phenotype , Protein Binding , Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-bcl-2/genetics , Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-myb/metabolism , RNA Interference , RNA, Messenger/metabolism , Retinoblastoma Protein , Transcription Factors/antagonists & inhibitors , Transcription Factors/genetics , Wings, Animal/growth & development , Wings, Animal/metabolismABSTRACT
BACKGROUND: The need to unfold the underlying mechanisms of lung cancer aggressiveness, the deadliest cancer in the world, is of prime importance. Because Fas-associated death domain protein (FADD) is the key adaptor molecule transmitting the apoptotic signal delivered by death receptors, we studied the presence and correlation of intra- and extracellular FADD protein with development and aggressiveness of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). METHODS: Fifty NSCLC patients were enrolled in this prospective study. Intracellular FADD was detected in patients' tissue by immunohistochemistry. Tumours and distant non-tumoural lung biopsies were cultured through trans-well membrane in order to analyse extracellular FADD. Correlation between different clinical/histological parameters with level/localisation of FADD protein has been investigated. RESULTS: Fas-associated death domain protein could be specifically downregulated in tumoural cells and FADD loss correlated with the presence of extracellular FADD. Indeed, human NSCLC released FADD protein, and tumoural samples released significantly more FADD than non-tumoural (NT) tissue (P=0.000003). The release of FADD by both tumoural and NT tissue increased significantly with the cancer stage, and was correlated with both early and late steps of the metastasis process. CONCLUSION: The release of FADD by human NSCLC could be a new marker of poor prognosis as it correlates positively with both tumour progression and aggressiveness.
