ABSTRACT
Combinatorial libraries of N-acylated 5-(S)-aminomethyloxazolidinone derivatives of S-oxide and S,S-dioxide tetrahydro-4(2H)-thiopyranyl and thiomorpholine phenyloxazolidinone series have been synthesized on a solid phase and evaluated for antimicrobial activity. Several novel potent leads have been identified, including orally active oxazolidinones with enhanced activity against respiratory tract infection pathogens Haemophilus influenzae and Moraxella catarrhalis.
Subject(s)
Anti-Bacterial Agents/pharmacokinetics , Haemophilus influenzae/drug effects , Moraxella catarrhalis/drug effects , Morpholines/chemistry , Oxazolidinones/pharmacokinetics , Oxides/chemistry , Oxygen Compounds/pharmacokinetics , Animals , Anti-Bacterial Agents/administration & dosage , Biological Availability , Combinatorial Chemistry Techniques , Haemophilus Infections/microbiology , Lipid Metabolism , Male , Microbial Sensitivity Tests , Moraxellaceae Infections/microbiology , Oxazolidinones/administration & dosage , Rats , Rats, Sprague-Dawley , Structure-Activity RelationshipABSTRACT
Our study objectives were: To quantitatively determine the effect of radiolabel instability on terminal phase radioactive tissue residues in a multiple dose tissue distribution study. To quantitatively compare tissue residue artifacts (non drug-related radioactivity) from two chemically-distinct radiolabel locations. To conduct a definitive multiple dose tissue distribution study using the better of the two radiolabeled compounds. We compared the excretion and tissue distribution in rats of [(14)C]linezolid, radiolabeled in two different locations, after 7 consecutive once daily [(14)C] oral doses. The radiolabels were in the acetamide (two carbon) and oxazolidinone (isolated carbon) functional groups. Terminal phase tissue residue and excretion data were compared to data from rats dosed orally with [(14)C]sodium acetate. Drug-related radioactivity was excreted rapidly over 24 h. After a single dose, the acetamide and oxazolidinone radiolabel sites both gave 3% of dose as exhaled (14)CO(2). After 7 daily [(14)C] oral doses, terminal phase radioactive tissue residues were higher from the acetamide radiolabel, relative to the oxazolidinone radiolabel, and were primarily not drug-related. In the definitive tissue distribution study, low concentrations of drug-related radioactivity in skin and thyroid were observed. We conclude that although small amounts of radiolabel instability do not significantly affect single dose tissue radioactivity C(max) and AUC, artifacts arising from radiolabel instability can prolong the apparent terminal phase half life and complicate study data interpretation. When possible, it is always preferable to use a completely stable radiolabel site.
