First record of Cebidicola armatus (Phthiraptera: Trichodectidae) on the Brachyteles hypoxanthus (Primate: Atelidae) in Brazil.

This study reports for the first time the infestation of Cebidicola armatus in Brachyteles hypoxanthus. In total, 14 lice were recovered of an individual in Minas Gerais, Brazil. These were subjected to a microscopic analysis and the identification of C. armatus was carried out through its very characteristic morphology.

Effect of slope on the forest structure of the Atlantic Forest domain in southern Brazil / Efeito da inclinação na estrutura de uma floresta do domínio Mata Atlântica no sul do Brasil

The mosaic landscape composition of forest fragments located on high slopes, shallow soils hinder ecological interactions and the survival of plant species. This study aimed to show, in an environment with these characteristics, the effect of the environmental gradient relating the soil, slope, and vegetation of a fragment of the Montane Seasonal Semideciduous Forest. The forest structure was sampled in 12 continuous rectangular plots, with 30 X 20m, totaling 0.72ha. Soil samples were taken by drilling every 20m along the hydrographic divisor and opening of three trenches used as soil sampling sites for in situ determination of soil color, horizon, and nutrients. Horizons were classified as O/A/Cr in the altered rock with a marked presence of gravels, and the soil was classified as Litholic Neosol. The area has a steep slope, from 18.05% to 36.99%. Linear regression analysis indicated an opposite pattern for species richness in relation to slope and a positive relationship between slope and the number of standing dead individuals. Species richness was also positively related to the distance from forest edges. The evaluation evidenced the strong influence of slope and human activities in forest remnant as common to several high-altitude remnants, and small conservation actions can guarantee their maintenance.

Efeito da Inclinação na Estrutura de uma Floresta do Domínio Mata Atlântica no Sul do Brasil. A composição da paisagem em mosaico de fragmentos florestais localizados em encostas altas, solos rasos dificultam as interações ecológicas e a sobrevivência de espécies vegetais. Este estudo teve como objetivo mostrar em um ambiente com essas características o efeito do gradiente ambiental relacionando o solo, a declividade e a vegetação de um fragmento de Floresta Estacional Semidecidual Montana. A estrutura da floresta foi amostrada em 12 parcelas retangulares contínuas, com 30X20m, totalizando 0,72ha. As amostras de solo foram coletadas por perfuração a cada 20m ao longo do divisor hidrográfico e abertura de três trincheiras usadas como locais de amostragem de solo para determinação in situ da cor do solo, horizonte e nutrientes. Os horizontes foram classificados como O/A/Cr na rocha alterada com presença marcante de cascalhos, e o solo foi classificado como Neossolo Litólico. A área apresenta declive acentuado, de 18,05% a 36,99%. A análise de regressão linear destacou o padrão oposto de riqueza de espécies em relação à inclinação e uma relação positiva entre a inclinação e o número de indivíduos mortos em pé. A riqueza de espécies também foi positivamente relacionada à distância das bordas da floresta. A avaliação evidenciou que a forte influência do declive e das atividades antrópicas no remanescente florestal são fatores comuns a diversos remanescentes de altitude, e pequenas ações de conservação podem garantir sua manutenção.

Effect of slope on the forest structure of the Atlantic Forest domain in southern Brazil.

The mosaic landscape composition of forest fragments located on high slopes, shallow soils hinder ecological interactions and the survival of plant species. This study aimed to show, in an environment with these characteristics, the effect of the environmental gradient relating the soil, slope, and vegetation of a fragment of the Montane Seasonal Semideciduous Forest. The forest structure was sampled in 12 continuous rectangular plots, with 30 X 20m, totaling 0.72ha. Soil samples were taken by drilling every 20m along the hydrographic divisor and opening of three trenches used as soil sampling sites for in situ determination of soil color, horizon, and nutrients. Horizons were classified as O/A/Cr in the altered rock with a marked presence of gravels, and the soil was classified as Litholic Neosol. The area has a steep slope, from 18.05% to 36.99%. Linear regression analysis indicated an opposite pattern for species richness in relation to slope and a positive relationship between slope and the number of standing dead individuals. Species richness was also positively related to the distance from forest edges. The evaluation evidenced the strong influence of slope and human activities in forest remnant as common to several high-altitude remnants, and small conservation actions can guarantee their maintenance.

Finanças públicas estaduais no 5º bimestre / Finanças Públicas: Finanças públicas estaduais no 5º bimestre

A deflagração da pandemia do novo coronavírus inicialmente levou a uma forte retração da atividade econômica e repercutiu negativamente sobre as finanças públicas estaduais. Nesse primeiro momento, a queda da arrecadação do Imposto sobre Circulação de Mercadorias e Serviços (ICMS) foi expressiva, fragilizando a capacidade de resposta dos governos subnacionais à pandemia em prejuízo à população. Nesse contexto, foi negociada a Lei Complementar (LC) no 173, de 27 de maio de 2020. A lei previa auxílio financeiro a estados e municípios por meio do repasse de recursos, da suspensão do pagamento do serviço da dívida atrelada à Lei no 9496/1997 e do repasse de recursos para compensar as perdas de arrecadação, complementando a Medida Provisória (MP) no 938/2020. Essa MP assegurava a preservação das transferências federais do Fundo de Participação a Estados e Municípios, mantendo o mesmo patamar de 2019. O auxílio financeiro para atenuar os efeitos da pandemia da Covid-19 sobre as finanças públicas estaduais mais do que compensou as perdas decorrentes da desaceleração econômica, contribuindo para o aumento do superavit primário. Além disso, o gasto com funcionalismo público foi virtualmente estabilizado até dezembro de 2021, em decorrência de medidas de contenção da despesa vigentes, tais como proibição de novos reajustes salariais, de alteração de estrutura de carreira com impacto sobre a folha salarial e de majoração de auxílios, vantagens ou benefícios de qualquer natureza. Adicionalmente, houve a queda dos gastos com amortização e juros e encargos da dívida, ainda que essas rubricas não entrem no cálculo do resultadoprimário. Essa redução abrupta era esperada, na medida em que a LC nº 173, de 27 de maio de 2020, previa a interrupção do pagamento da dívida refinanciada pela Lei no 9496/1997, além de permitir negociar a suspensão dos serviços da dívida junto a organismos multilaterais e bancos federais. Desse modo, o superavit primário obtido no período pode ser transformado em disponibilidade de caixa com a interrupção dos desembolsos associados ao serviço da dívida. Nesse período, o crescimento da dívida consolidada pode ser atribuído principalmente à desvalorização do real. Como o saldo decorrente do não pagamento do serviço da dívida será incorporado à dívida consolidada somente em janeiro de 2022 (Inciso I do §1 do art. 2º da Lei Complementar 173), o estoque da dívida ainda não foi afetado pela suspensão dos desembolsos com juros e amortização.

Do susto à criação: a análise de crianças na pandemia

O trabalho relata experiências e questionamentos de um grupo de analistas de crianças no início do isolamento social, causado pela pandemia de Covid-19. Com o afastamento do consultório, fez-se necessário recorrer às ferramentas on-line para prosseguirem os atendimentos. Surgiram dificuldades, como o estabelecimento de um setting virtual, inexperiência com as ferramentas digitais, falta de privacidade, duração das sessões, dentre outros e o trabalho mostra como puderam ser contornadas. Surpreendeu a disposição das crianças para seguirem em análise e a possibilidade de, gradativamente, se estabelecer um ambiente favorável à criatividade e ao fortalecimento dos vínculos entre as duplas. São apresentadas vinhetas para ilustrar os desafios e as experiências clínicas vividas.(AU)

El trabajo relata experiencias e indagaciones de un grupo de psicoanalistas de niños y adolescentes en el princípio del aislamiento social provocado por la pandemia del Covid-19. Con el cierre de los consultorios se hizo necesario el uso de herramientas virtuales para continuar la atención. Surgieron dificultades, tales como el establecimiento de un setting virtual, la inexperiencia con las herramientas digitales, la falta de privacidad, la duración de las sesiones, entre otras. Este trabajo muestra como esos escollos fueron subsanados. Fué sorprendente el deseo de los niños de seguir sus analisis y la posibilidad paulatina de establecerse un ambiente propicio a la creatividad y al fortalecimiento de los vínculos entre los pares analíticos. Son presentadas viñetas que ilustran los desafíos y las experiencias clínicas vividas.(AU)

This article reports experiences and questions of a group of child analysts at the beginning of social isolation, caused by the Covid-19 pandemic. Kept away from the office, it was necessary to use online tools to continue patient consultation. Difficulties arose, such as the establishment of a virtual setting, inexperience with digital tools, lack of privacy, duration of sessions, among others, and we showed how they could be overcome. It was surprising the children’s willingness to continue in analysis and the possibility of gradually establishing an environment favorable to creativity and the strengthening of the bonds between the pairs. Vignettes are presented to illustrate the challenges and clinical experiences.(AU)

Os desafios da observação de bebês na pandemia. O corpo ausente

Repentinamente recebemos a notificação da pandemia e todas as observações presenciais foram suspensas. Entretanto, as famílias se dispuseram a dar continuidade às observações de forma virtual. O presente artigo descreve a experiência dos alunos/observadores e famílias na transição da observação de bebês, método Esther Bick, presencial para online. Através de vinhetas das observações, cedidas pelos alunos, foi possível destacar alguns dos desafios, das dificuldades de adaptação do novo setting. A contenção do grupo foi crucial para dar continuidade ao programa. O uso da câmera pela família, a ausência do corpo e os sentimentos despertados nos alunos nesta modalidade online foram discutidas nos grupos de alunos com os coordenadores. Quais os limites da observação por via remota? Como essa observação ajudará o aluno em sua formação? Quais serão os impactos dessa observação para o bebê e a família? São perguntas que deverão ser respondidas em trabalhos posteriores.(AU)

Suddenly we receive the notification of the pandemics and all the infant observations are kept on hold. However, the families make themselves available to continue the observations online. This article describes the experience of the students/observers and the families in the transition from the presential infant observation with the Esther Bick method to online observations. Through the vignettes of the observations scenarios provided by the students, it was possible to highlight some of the challenges, and some of the difficulties in adapting to the new setting. The group holding was crucial for the continuity of the program. The use of the cameras by the families, the absence of the body and the feelings triggered in the students with this online modality was discussed between the groups and coordinators. Which are the limits of the online observation? How this observation will help the student in his or her training? What kind of impacts would this observation have for the babies and the families? These are questions which should be answered in future articles.(AU)

Repentinamente recibimos la notificación de la pandemia y todas las observacionesp resenciales fueron suspendidas. Sin embargo, las familias estaban dispuestas a dar continuidad a las observaciones de forma virtual. Este artículo describe la experiencia de los alumnos/observadores y de las familias en la transición de la observación de bebé - método Esther Bick – de la manera presencial para online. A través de viñetas de observaciones, cedidas por los alumnos, fué posible destacar los desafíos y las dificultades para la adaptación al nuevo setting. La contención del grupo fué fundamental para seguir con el programa. El uso de la filmadora por parte de la família, la ausencia del cuerpo y los sentimentos experimentados por los observadores en esta modalidad online fueron discutidos en los grupos de alumnos y coordinadores. ¿Cuáles son los límites de la observación remota? Cómo esta observación ayudará al alumno en su formación analítica? ¿Cuáles serán los impactos de esta observación para el bebé y la familia? Son preguntas que se podrán responder en trabajos posteriores.(AU)

Historical Pollution of an Urban Watershed Based in Geochemical, Geoacumulation, and EROD Activity in PLHC-1 Analyses in Sediment Cores.

In the present study, the environmental changes over the past 100 years in the Cambé River watershed in Southern Brazil were investigated. For this, a sediment core was collected to examine the distribution of metals, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), and ecotoxicological markers. The core corresponds from 1914 to 2012, which was obtained by the decay of 210Pb. Changes in the study area also were examined by: Geoaccumulation index (Igeo) and enrichment factor (EF), sediment quality guidelines (SGQs), and ethoxyresorufin-O-deethylase (EROD) activity in Poeciliopsis lucida hepatocellular carcinoma (PLHC-1) cells line. The Σ16 PAHs ranged from 242.6 to 40,775 ng g-1, with pyrogenic source at the beginning of the core, which likely corresponds to the burning of forests to establish the city and the later use of fossil fuels from 1960 to 2012. In the 1930s, most of metals presented a concentration below the background. After the 1930s, high concentrations can be associated with the intense use of fertilizers (Cd, Cu, Zn, Hg) and increases in urban traffic (Zn and Pb). Igeo showed that the distribution of Cu is considered moderately to strongly polluted, and the EF of Pb was considered as moderately polluted. Statistical analyses showed a strong relation between the presence of the ANP, FLU, PHE, BaP, IND, and Bghi compounds and the induction of EROD activity, and no correlation with heavy metals. A prediction model for the linear regression was obtained between the ANP and BaP concentrations and the EROD activity, with an accuracy of 99%.

Instituições de Longa Permanência para Idosos no Brasil: revisão integrativa da literatura / Long-stay Institutions in Brasil: an integrative literature review / Instituciones de largo plazo para ancianos en Brasil: una revisión integradora de literatura

Objetivou-se levantar e analisar a produção científica acerca do delineamento dos trabalhos publicados e temas estudados sobre as instituições de longa permanência para idosos no Brasil, produção essa arrolada no LILACS, MEDLINE, BDENF e SciELO no período de 2013 a 2017. O corpus constitui-se por 88 artigos. Nota-se um número insipiente de pesquisas com intervenções, visto que os pesquisadores ainda buscam descrever o perfil dos idosos institucionalizados, segundo critérios de saúde e doença.

It was aimed to review the literature about Brazilian nursing homes for seniors published at LILACS, MEDLINE, BDENF and SciELO between 2013 and 2017. The corpus consists of 90 articles. There is an incipient amount of papers about intervention research, as long as the researchers still seek to describe the profile of the resident seniors, according to health and disease criteria.

El objetivo fue encuestar y analizar la producción científica sobre la delineación de los trabajos publicados y los temas estudiados sobre las instituciones de atención a largo plazo para ancianos en Brasil. El corpus consta de 88 artículos. Existe un número incipiente de investigaciones con intervenciones, ya que los investigadores todavía buscan describir el perfil de los ancianos institucionalizados, de acuerdo con los criterios de salud y enfermedad.

Apresentação exuberante de caso de esclerose sistêmica / Exuberant presentation in a case of systemic sclerosis

A esclerose sistêmica (ES) é doença autoimune do tecido conjuntivo de etiologia desconhecida, caracterizada pela esclerose (fibrose), que afeta a pele, vasos sanguíneos e órgãos internos. O diagnóstico é firmado pelo quadro clínico compatível, pesquisa de autoanticorpos e capilaroscopia do leito ungueal. Destaca-se neste relato a importância do médico dermatologista frente ao diagnóstico de doenças sistêmicas. Na observação da pele, visível e palpável em todas as suas dimensões e na interpretação de todos os seus sinais, conclui-se que é possível revelar precocemente problemas internos que poderiam evoluir de forma oculta.

Systemic sclerosis (SE) is an autoimmune disease of the connective tissue. Of unknown etiology, it is characterized by sclerosis (fibrosis), which affects the skin, blood vessels and internal organs. The diagnosis is confirmed by a compatible clinical picture, autoantibody research and capillaroscopy of the nail bed. The present report highlights the importance of the dermatologist physician in the diagnosis of systemic diseases. Based on the observation of the skin ­ which is visible and palpable in all of its dimensions ­ and in the interpretation of all its signs, it is possible to conclude that it can reveal early internal disorders that could develop unnoticeably.

The healing properties of medicinal plants used in the Brazilian public health system: a systematic review.

OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to conduct a systematic review of the healing potential of medicinal plants belonging to the Brazilian National List of Medicinal Plants of Interest to the Unified Health System (RENISUS). METHOD: PubMed and ScienceDirect databases were searched for relevant articles, regardless of the language, from 2010 to June 2016. Two reviewers independently assessed study eligibility. Articles were included if they presented evidence of healing potential of medicinal plants. Only those available as full and open access texts were considered. RESULTS: A total of 1381 articles met the inclusion criteria. Of these, 156 studies were considered eligible and were reviewed as full text. Following full analysis, 64 studies were included in this review. The studies covered 27 of the 71 plants belonging to RENISUS, nine of which are native to Brazil. In addition, two species are currently available in the Brazilian public health system as herbal medicine. CONCLUSION: This review may encourage and contribute to the appropriate use of medicinal plants in the public health system in Brazil.

Medicinal plants used in Brazil Public Health System with neuroprotective potential: a systematic review / Plantas medicinales utilizadas en el Sistema de Salud Pública de Brasil con potencial neuroprotector: una revisión sistemática

Current pharmacological therapies to treat neurological diseases are at best palliative and manage only the symptoms. Unfortunately, few therapies can affect diseases outcomes and alternative strategies such as stem cell therapy, neurotransplantation and deep brain stimulation are still in progress. Diseases such as Alzheimer's and Parkinson's disease become major public health challenge worldwide. In this way, the interest in the development of neuroprotective drugs of natural origin grows. Hence, this systematic review has quantified the studies that refer neuroprotective potential of plants listed in the Brazilian National List of Medicinal Plants of Interest to the Unified Health System (RENISUS). Searches were performed in two scientific databases (PubMed and Science Direct) from 2010 to 2016. A total of 4.532 articles met the inclusion criteria. 445 studies were considered eligible and were reviewed as full text. Following full analysis, 63 studies were included in this review. The studies covered 12 of the 71 plants belonging to RENISUS. In addition, two species are currently available in the Brazilian public health system as herbal medicine. This review may encourage and contribute to the proper use of medicinal plants in public health system.

Las terapias farmacológicas actuales para tratar enfermedades neurológicas son, en el mejor de los casos, paliativas y sólo controlan los síntomas. Desafortunadamente, pocas terapias pueden afectar los avances de las enfermedades y las estrategias alternativas tales como terapia con células madre, neurotransplantate y la estimulación profunda del cerebro están todavía en curso. Enfermedades como el Alzheimer y la enfermedad de Parkinson se convierten en un reto importante para la salud pública en todo el mundo. De esta manera, crece el interés en el desarrollo de fármacos neuroprotectores de origen natural. Por lo tanto, esta revisión sistemática ha cuantificado los estudios que hacen referencia al potencial neuroprotector de las plantas incluidas en la Lista Nacional Brasileña de Plantas Medicinales de Interés para el Sistema Único de Salud (RENISUS). Las búsquedas se realizaron en dos bases de datos científicas (PubMed y Science Direct) de 2010 a 2016. Un total de 4,532 artículos cumplieron los criterios de inclusión. 445 estudios se consideraron elegibles y se revisaron como texto completo. Después del análisis completo, se incluyeron 63 estudios en esta revisión. Los estudios abarcaron 12 de las 71 plantas pertenecientes a RENISUS. Además, actualmente hay dos especies disponibles en el sistema de salud pública brasileño como medicina herbaria. Esta revisión puede alentar y contribuir al uso adecuado de las plantas medicinales en el sistema de salud pública.

Effect of depth of high-rate ponds on the assimilation of CO2 by microalgae cultivated in domestic sewage.

This study evaluated the effect of high-rate ponds (HRPs) of different depths (20, 30 and 40 cm) on the carbon assimilation by microalgae cultivated in domestic sewage. The efficiency of the dissolution provided by the carbonation column and the carbon release to the atmosphere through the movement of the paddle wheels were also investigated. Dissolution efficiencies of 50%, 48% and 46% were obtained in the HRPs of 20, 30 and 40 cm depth, respectively. These differences can be attributed to the time necessary to recirculate the volume of each HRP in the carbonation column. The volumetric mass transfer coefficients regarding the release to the atmosphere were 0.0007, 0.0005 and 0.0004 min-1 for the 20, 30 and 40 cm HRPs, respectively. The carbon assimilation by the biomass was inversely proportional to depth, with values of 90%, 72% and 68% for the 20, 30 and 40 cm HRPs, respectively. Chlorophyll-a concentration was also higher in the 20 cm HRP. The radiation attenuation at the beginning of the operation was similar among the treatments, resulting in a greater fraction of the pond depth with available radiation in the 20 cm HRP.

Índice diagnóstico de neoplasia cutânea em campanha de combate ao câncer da pele em serviço dermatológico no interior do estado de São Paulo / Diagnostic index of cutaneous neoplasia in a campaign to fight skin cancer at a dermatologic service located in the Brazilian State of São Paulo's midlands

Introdução: O câncer de pele é o tipo mais comum de câncer no mundo. Divide-se em melanoma, representando 4% dos casos, e não melanoma: carcinomas basocelular (CBC), 70 a 80%, e espinocelular (CEC) 25% dos casos. A Sociedade Brasileira de Dermatologia realiza anualmente a Campanha Nacional de Combate ao Câncer da Pele, visando ao diagnóstico e ao tratamento precoce da neoplasia. Objetivo: Demonstrar a incidência de lesões cutâneas suspeitas de neoplasia em pacientes selecionados pela Campanha de Prevenção do Câncer da Pele em 2016, em um serviço universitário de dermatologia no interior de São Paulo. Métodos: Foram examinados 230 pacientes e selecionados 24, dos quais 22 foram submetidos a biópsia de lesões suspeitas. Resultados: Foram comprovados por exame anatomopatológico 16 casos de CBC, um de CEC e um de melanoma. Conclusões: Concluiu-se que, apesar de a amostra ser pequena, os resultados encontrados são compatíveis com os da literatura revisada. Há grande importância na realização da campanha como forma de acesso mais rápido da população ao médico dermatologista, com consequente diagnóstico e tratamento precoces das neoplasias de pele.

Introduction: Skin cancer is the most common type of cancer in the world. It is classified into melanoma (corresponding to 4% of cases) and non-melanoma types: basal cell carcinomas (70 to 80% of cases) and squamous cell carcinoma (25% of cases). The Brazilian Society of Dermatology conducts the National Campaign Against Skin Cancer on a yearly basis, aiming at diagnosing and providing early treatment to the neoplasia. Objective: To demonstrate the incidence of lesions suspicious of skin cancer in selected patients originated from the 2016 National Campaign Against Skin Cancer, at the dermatologic clinic of a university hospital located in the Brazilian State of São Paulo's midlands. Methods: Two hundred and thirty patients were examined, of which 24 were selected with 22 undergoing biopsy of the suspected lesions. Results: Sixteen basal cell carcinoma cases, one squamous cell carcinoma and one melanoma were confirmed through anatomopathology. Conclusions: Notwithstanding the small sample, it was possible to conclude that the results found are compatible with those of the literature reviewed. It is of paramount importance to carry out the campaign as a way to streamline the population's access to a dermatologist, which results in the early diagnosis and treatment of skin cancers.

Revisão sistemática das plantas de Interesse ao Sistema Único de Saúde com potencial terapêutico cardiovascular / Revisión sistemática de las plantas de interés para el Sistema de Salud con potencial terapéutico cardiovascular / Systematic review of the plants of interest to the National Health System with cardiovascular therapeutic potential

Introdução: doenças cardiovasculares constituem uma das principais causas de mortalidade, pois muitos são os fatores de risco associados ao seu desenvolvimento. Estudos vêm demonstrando que moléculas extraídas de plantas medicinais podem reduzir o risco de doenças crônicas. Assim, o Ministério da Saúde, publicou em fevereiro de 2009, a Relação Nacional de Plantas Medicinais de Interesse ao SUS. Objetivos: quantificar os estudos clínicos que referem potencial terapêutico sobre doenças cardiovasculares a partir da utilização de Plantas da Medicinais de Interesse ao SUS, publicados entre 2010 e fevereiro de 2013 em três bases de dados científicas (SciELO, Science Direct e Springer). Métodos: os descritores utilizados na busca inicial foram o nome científico das 71 plantas da Relação Nacional de Plantas Medicinais de Interesse ao SUS. Considerou-se todos os artigos científicos gratuitos, disponibilizados sob forma de texto completo nas bases de pesquisa, independente do idioma. A busca inicial resultou na seleção de 21,357 artigos encontrados nas bases de dados. A análise foi realizada inicialmente a partir da leitura do título da publicação. Os artigos selecionados foram avaliados através da leitura do Abstratc. Por fim, foi lido integralmente o texto dos artigos selecionados após a avaliação do Abstract, tendo sido selecionados estudos pré-clínicos e clínicos, in vitro e in vivo, que comprovam potencial terapêutico sobre doenças cardiovasculares. Resultados: esta seleção resultou em 34 artigos de interesse, dos quais, 17 estudos foram realizados com a planta Curcuma longa. Infarto do miocárdio, isquemia cerebral e hipertensão arterial foram as morbidades com a maior quantidade de estudos terapêuticos. Conclusões: os resultados deste estudo fornecem subsídios teóricos para discussões na Saúde Pública sobre tratamentos alternativos para doenças cardiovasculares(AU)

Introducción: las enfermedades cardiovasculares constituyen una de las principales causas de mortalidad, al existir muchos factores de riesgo asociados a su aparición. Hay estudios que demuestran que moléculas extraídas de plantas medicinales pueden reducir el riesgo de enfermedades crónicas. De esta forma, el Ministerio de Salud, publicó en febrero de 2009, la Lista Nacional de Plantas Medicinales de Interés para el SUS. Objetivos: cuantificar los estudios clínicos que refieren potencial terapéutico sobre las enfermedades cardiovasculares a partir de la utilización de Plantas da Medicinais de Interesse ao SUS, publicados entre 2010 y febrero de 2013 en tres bases de datos científicas (SciELO, Science Direct y Springer). Métodos: los descriptores utilizados en la búsqueda inicial fueron el nombre científico de 71 plantas de Plantas da Medicinais de Interesse ao SUS. Se consideraron todos los artículos científicos gratuitos, disponibles en texto completo en las bases de investigación, independiente del idioma. Primero se seleccionaron 21,357 artículos encontrados en las bases de datos. El análisis fue realizado a partir de la lectura del título de publicación. Los artículos seleccionados fueron evaluados a través de la lectura del Abstract. Por último, fueron leídos de forma íntegra el texto de los artículos seleccionados después de la evaluación del Abstract, fueron seleccionados estudios pre-clínicos y clínicos in vitro e in vivo, que comprueban el potencial terapéutico sobre las enfermedades cardiovasculares. Resultados: esta selección resultó de 34 artículos de interés, de los cuales, 17 estudios fueron realizados con la planta Curcuma longa. Infarto de miocardio, isquemia cerebral e hipertensión arterial fueron las comorbilidades con la mayor cantidad de estudios terapéuticos. Conclusiones: los resultados de este estudio ofrecen subsidios teóricos para discusiones en Salud Pública sobre tratamientos alternativos para las enfermedades cardiovasculares(AU)

Introduction: cardiovascular diseases are a major cause of mortality, because there are many risk factors associated with its development. Studies have shown that molecules extracted from medicinal plants can reduce the risk of chronic diseases. Thus, the Ministry of Health, published in February 2009, the National List of Medicinal Plants of Interest to SUS. Objective: to quantify the clinical studies that relate therapeutic potential of cardiovascular disease from the use of the National List of Medicinal Plants of Interest to SUS, published between 2010 and February 2013 in three scientific databases (SciELO, Science Direct and Springer). Methods: the descriptors used in the initial search were the scientific name of the 71 plants from the National List of Medicinal Plants of Interest to SUS. It considered all free papers made available in the form of full text search in databases, regardless of the language. The initial search resulted in the selection of 21 357 articles found in databases. The analysis was initially performed from reading the title of the publication. The articles were evaluated by reading the Abstratc. Finally, it was fully read the text of the articles selected after evaluation of the Abstract and was selected pre-clinical and clinical studies, in vitro and in vivo, that show therapeutic potential for cardiovascular disease. Results: this selection resulted in 34 articles of interest, of which 17 studies were conducted with the Curcuma longa plant. Myocardial infarction, cerebral ischemia and hypertension were morbidities with the greatest amount of therapeutic studies. Conclusions: the results of this study provide theoretical basis for discussions at the Public Health on alternative treatments for cardiovascular disease(AU)

Verification and characterization of chromosome duplication in haploid maize.

Doubled haploid technology has been used by various private companies. However, information regarding chromosome duplication methodologies, particularly those concerning techniques used to identify duplication in cells, is limited. Thus, we analyzed and characterized artificially doubled haploids using microsatellites molecular markers, pollen viability, and flow cytometry techniques. Evaluated material was obtained using two different chromosome duplication protocols in maize seeds considered haploids, resulting from the cross between the haploid inducer line KEMS and 4 hybrids (GNS 3225, GNS 3032, GNS 3264, and DKB 393). Fourteen days after duplication, plant samples were collected and assessed by flow cytometry. Further, the plants were transplanted to a field, and samples were collected for DNA analyses using microsatellite markers. The tassels were collected during anthesis for pollen viability analyses. Haploid, diploid, and mixoploid individuals were detected using flow cytometry, demonstrating that this technique was efficient for identifying doubled haploids. The microsatellites markers were also efficient for confirming the ploidies preselected by flow cytometry and for identifying homozygous individuals. Pollen viability showed a significant difference between the evaluated ploidies when the Alexander and propionic-carmin stains were used. The viability rates between the plodies analyzed show potential for fertilization.

Plantas com potencial antibacteriano da relação nacional de plantas medicinais de interesse do sistema único de saúde: revisão sistemática / Plants with potential antibacterial of national list medical plants of health system only interest: systematic review

Espécies de bactérias podem apresentar a capacidade genética de adquirir e transmitir resistência contra agentes antibacterianos, tornando-se multi-resistentes aos medicamentos disponíveis. Esta revisão sistemática objetivou quantificar os estudos clínicos que referem potencial terapêutico sobre doenças antibacterianas a partir do estudo de plantas constantes na Relação Nacional de Plantas Medicinais de Interesse ao Sistema Único de Saúde publicados entre 2010 e fevereiro de 2013 em três bases de dados científicas (SciELO, Science Direct e Springer). Dos 21.357 artigos encontrados nas bases de dados, tal análise resultou na seleção de 19 estudos de interesse, com diferentes plantas da relação. Os resultados encontrados neste estudo contribuem para que sejam tratadas novas discussões sobre alternativas terapêuticas aos tratamentos convencionais de doenças bacterianas, empregando plantas como um adjuvante.

Bacterial species may have the genetic ability to acquire and convey resistance to antibacterial agents, becoming multi-drug resistant available. This systematic review aimed to quantify the clinical studies which reported on antibacterial therapeutic potential diseases from the study of the plants in RENISUS, published between 2010 and February 2013 in three scientific databases (SciELO, Science Direct and Springer). Of the 21 357 articles found in databases such analysis resulted in selection of 19 studies of interest with different plants RENISUS. The results of this study contribute to be treated further discussions on alternative therapies with conventional treatments of bacterial diseases, using plants as an adjuvant.

Video-assisted surgery implementation in the public health system of a developing country.

BACKGROUND: Over the last two decades, video-assisted surgery has become the preferential access route for many procedures. Despite cholecystectomy being the laparoscopic procedure most frequently performed in Brazilian public hospitals from 2008 to 2012, the lack of population-based studies led us to conduct a survey on the prevalence of video-assisted surgery in the treatment of patients using the Sistema Único de Saúde (SUS) (Unified Health System), which is the universal, free, and public healthcare system of Brazil. METHODS: By analyzing the DATASUS (national public health registry database), the prevalence of laparoscopic cholecystectomy and open cholecystectomy (OC) was calculated in the period from January to December in 2008, 2010 and 2012, taking into consideration their geographic distribution throughout Brazil. RESULTS: At the end of the study period, an increase in the number of laparoscopic cholecystectomies was observed, with a variation of 125.7%. However, OC was more prevalent despite an increase in the use of video-assisted surgery over the 5-year study period, increasing from 12 to 25% in 2012. CONCLUSIONS: In spite of a trend toward increased use of video-assisted surgery for treating SUS patients during the period under study, the data from 2012 are still far from being ideal. For this population, OC via laparotomy is still the most prevalent option in all regions. This information must encourage the Brazilian surgical societies to push for an improvement in the supply of the treatment provided by the public health system.

Production and identification of doubled haploids in tropical maize.

The production of maize doubled haploid (DH) lines is a technique commonly used by private companies, but not by Brazilian public institutions. Research on this technique is essential to develop and improve the production of DH lines grown under tropical conditions. We assessed the ability of a gynogenetic haploid inducer system to induce haploids in a tropical environment, assessed the induction rate of haploids identified using the R-navajo morphological marker, checked for interference from the generation of hybrid donors on haploid induction, measured the ability of flow cytometry, and simple sequence repeat marker techniques to identify doubled haploids. Seeds from the inducer Krasnodar Embryo Marker Synthetic (KEMS) line were sown in Ponta Grossa, PR, and Cravinhos, SP, and the plants were crossed to produce six hybrids and their F2 generations. The seeds were separated according to the R-navajo morphological marker indicator of haploidy (purple endosperm and white embryo) and germinated in a controlled environment. Chromosomal duplication was performed in seedlings selected as putative haploids. We performed subsequent confirmation of ploidy and the success of duplication using flow cytometry and SSR marker techniques. We concluded that DH lines can be obtained from hybrids crossed with the inducer KEMS line. The generation of inbred hybrids did not affect the induction rate or chromosomal duplication in haploids. The use of flow cytometry and SSR markers was effective in verifying chromosomal duplication in haploids.

Correlation between periodontal disease, inflammatory alterations and pre-eclampsia.

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: Several studies have hypothesized that periodontal disease may increase the risk of pre-eclampsia. The correlation between the two diseases would probably be based on hypertension-related cytokine release in the local periodontal environment. The aim of this study was to evaluate the association between periodontal disease and pre-eclampsia, and the correlation of the two conditions with interleukin-6 (IL-6) and tumor necrosis factor-α(TNFα) mRNA expression. MATERIAL AND METHODS: A case-control analysis of 116 pregnant women, 58 with pre-eclampsia (cases) and 58 normotensive pregnant women (controls) was performed. In addition to collection of socio-demographic data and periodontal evaluation, peripheral blood samples were collected for laboratory analysis of IL-6 and TNFα mRNA expression by real-time PCR. RESULTS: There was an association between periodontitis and pre-eclampsia (adjusted odds ratio 3.73; 95% confidence interval 1.32-10.58). Increased TNFα mRNA expression was observed in pre-eclamptic women; however, there was no correlation between periodontitis and systemic cytokine expression. In the case group, systemic cytokine mRNA levels were similar in pregnant women with and without periodontitis (means±SD): 0.73±0.24 vs. 0.82±0.38 for TNFα and 1.31±1.49 vs. 1.09±0.74 for IL-6, respectively. CONCLUSION: Periodontitis was clinically related to pre-eclampsia; however, the supposed mechanism that correlates the two diseases, i.e. a systemic inflammatory process involving cytokines TNFα and IL-6 in the presence of periodontal disease, could not be confirmed in this study.

Ocorrência de pineus boerneri annand (hemiptera: adelgidae) em pinus spp. nos estados de são paulo e minas gerais

ABSTRACT Pineus boerneri Annand, 1928 (Hemiptera: Adelgidae), a new exotic aphid species, was found in 2002 and 2004 infesting Pinus plantations in the states of São Paulo and Minas Gerais, Brazil. This is the first report of this species and family in pine plantations in the Brazilian Southeast. The geographic distribution, symptoms and damage caused by this species are presented.

RESUMO Uma nova espécie exótica de pulgão, Pineus boerneri Annand, 1928 (Hemiptera: Adelgidae) foi encontrada em 2002 e 2004 infestando plantios de Pinus, nos Estados de São Paulo e Minas Gerais, sendo este o primeiro relato tanto da espécie quanto da família destes pulgões em plantios dePinus spp. na região Sudeste do Brasil. A distribuição geográfica, sinais da presença e danos são apresentados no artigo.