Subject(s)
COVID-19/prevention & control , Cross Infection/prevention & control , Exercise Therapy/instrumentation , Exercise/psychology , Masks/adverse effects , Adult , Cross Infection/virology , Exercise/physiology , Female , Humans , Inpatients/psychology , Male , N95 Respirators/adverse effects , Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic , SARS-CoV-2ABSTRACT
UNLABELLED: REASONS FOR STUDY: The effect of unilateral enucleation on vision and potential loss of performance in horses has received little study. OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the likelihood of return to prior discipline following unilateral enucleation in horses, assessing the role of age at enucleation, equine discipline, reason for enucleation, time to vision loss and eye enucleated. HYPOTHESIS: Unilateral enucleation has no significant effect on likelihood of return to work in horses, for both right and left eyes, across age and discipline. METHOD: A retrospective review of medical records identified 92 horses that underwent unilateral enucleation at the University of Pennsylvania New Bolton Center from April 2000-April 2008. Case variables determined from the medical record included breed and sex of horse, age at enucleation, which eye was enucleated, reason for enucleation and onset of vision loss. Pre- and post operative occupations were determined by telephone interview with the owner or trainer of each horse. RESULTS: Based on hospital surgery logs, 92 enucleations were performed over the 8 year period and 77 records were available for review, with follow-up information available for 34 horses. Of these, 29/34 (85%) horses returned to work in pleasure or trail riding (11/13), flat racing (7/10), hunter/jumpers (4/4), dressage (3/3), group lessons (1/1), eventing (1/1), steeplechase (1/1) and as a broodmare (1/1). Four of 5 horses (4/34, or 12% sample) that did not return to work (2 pleasure and 2 racing) were retired due to anticipated or perceived decrease in performance or behaviour change following unilateral enucleation, with the remaining horse retired from racing for lameness issues unrelated to enucleation. Twenty-two of 25 horses (88%) with acute vision loss and 7/9 horses (78%) with gradual vision loss returned to their previous discipline. CONCLUSIONS: Horses are able to return to a variety of occupations after unilateral enucleation.
Subject(s)
Eye Diseases/veterinary , Eye Enucleation/veterinary , Horse Diseases/surgery , Animals , Eye Diseases/surgery , Eye Enucleation/rehabilitation , Female , Horses , Male , Physical Conditioning, Animal , Retrospective StudiesABSTRACT
In today's health care industry, there is a tremendous need for the communication of information from a myriad of parties to be centralized, packaged and delivered between and among all providers and payers, write Kathleen Covert and Kevin Green in describing one health care network doing just that.
Subject(s)
Computer Communication Networks/organization & administration , Group Practice/organization & administration , Ambulatory Care Information Systems/organization & administration , California , Community-Institutional Relations , Cost Savings , Hospital Information Systems/organization & administration , Office AutomationABSTRACT
For more than five years hospitals have been developing computer communications networks as a physician bonding strategy because of their success in promoting hospital admissions and additional referrals to the sponsoring hospitals' specialists. An alternative, nonproprietary network may also be worthy of consideration because of the services and benefits it delivers to the total health care delivery system and to society as a whole--in addition to the advantages it offers the sponsoring hospital. An example of such a network is offered as an illustration.
