ABSTRACT
Atrial fibrillation is the most common significant cardiac arrhythmia and is associated with a five-fold increased risk of stroke from thromboembolism. Over 94% of these emboli arise from the left atrial appendage. Systemic embolic phenomena are rare, accounting for less than 1 out of 10 of all embolic events, but have a similar prevention strategy. Anticoagulation significantly reduces the risk of these events, and thus forms the cornerstone of therapy for most patients with atrial fibrillation. Left atrial appendage occlusion with the Watchman device is a recently approved alternative for stroke prevention in selected patients. We present a case of an active duty U.S. Navy sailor at low risk for thromboembolism who nonetheless suffered recurrent thromboembolic events despite appropriate anticoagulation, and thus underwent Watchman implantation. The therapy in this case will ideally provide a lifetime of protection from recurrent systemic embolization while allowing the patient to continue his active duty military career without restriction due to oral anticoagulation.
Subject(s)
Atrial Fibrillation/drug therapy , Thromboembolism/drug therapy , Administration, Oral , Adult , Anticoagulants/therapeutic use , Atrial Appendage/abnormalities , Atrial Appendage/physiopathology , Computed Tomography Angiography/methods , Electrocardiography/methods , Humans , Male , Military Personnel , Thrombolytic Therapy/methods , Tomography, X-Ray Computed/methods , United StatesABSTRACT
OBJECTIVES: This study reports a novel transcatheter procedure for residual mitral regurgitation (MR) after MitraClip implantation using the Amplatzer Duct Occluder II (ADO II). BACKGROUND: Although the MitraClip procedure is a transcatheter treatment option for patients at high surgical risk with severe MR, management of significant residual MR after MitraClip implantation is still challenging. METHODS: We describe a case series of 9 consecutive patients who underwent transcatheter deployment of the ADO II plug for significant residual MR after MitraClip implantation from April to October 2015. RESULTS: The mean age was 79.3 ± 11.4 years. The deployment of the ADO II plug was performed at the initial MitraClip procedure in 7 patients and at the second procedure for recurrent symptoms in 2 patients. There were 2 types of residual MR seen after MitraClip implantation: residual commissural MR (n = 3) and residual intraclip MR (n = 6). The ADO II was successfully deployed with significant reduction of MR flow and left atrial pressure in all patients. The ADO II plug was retrieved in 1 patient because of device embolization to the ostial right coronary artery. However, all patients were discharged 1.8 ± 1.2 days after the procedure, with no significant MR on pre-discharge transthoracic echocardiography. In 8 patients who underwent 1-month symptomatic assessment, clinical symptoms were diminished to New York Heart Association functional class I or II. CONCLUSIONS: Transcatheter deployment of the ADO II plug was effective for the reduction of residual commissural MR and intraclip MR after MitraClip implantation. The potential role of this technique should be established for challenging cases.
