ABSTRACT
In this study, bioactive hydroxyapatite (HAP)-based bioceramics starting from cuttlefish bone powders have been prepared and characterized. In particular, fragmented cuttlefish bone was co-sintered with 30â wt% of Bioglass® -45S5 to synthesize HAP-based powders with enhanced mechanical properties and bioactivity. Commercial synthetic HAP was treated following the same procedure and used as a reference. The structure and composition of the bioceramics formulations were characterized using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction and scanning electron microscopy. After the thermal treatment of cuttlefish bone powder added with 30â wt% Bioglass, new phases with compositions of sodium calcium phosphate [Na3 Ca6 (PO4 )5 ], ß-tricalcium phosphate [Ca3 (PO4 )] and amorphous silica were detected. In vitro cell culture studies were performed by evaluating proliferation, metabolic activity and differentiation of human osteoblast-like cells (MG63). Scaffolds made with cuttlefish bone powder exhibited increased apatite deposition, alkaline phosphatase activity and cell proliferation compared with commercial synthetic HAP. In addition, the ceramic compositions obtained after the combination with Bioglass® further enhanced the metabolic activity of MG63 cell and promoted the formation of a well-developed apatite layer after 7â days of incubation in Dulbecco's modified Eagle's medium.
Subject(s)
Biocompatible Materials/pharmacology , Bone and Bones/physiology , Calcification, Physiologic/drug effects , Ceramics/pharmacology , Decapodiformes/physiology , Durapatite/pharmacology , Alkaline Phosphatase/metabolism , Animals , Bone and Bones/drug effects , Bone and Bones/ultrastructure , Cell Adhesion/drug effects , Cell Line, Tumor , Cell Proliferation/drug effects , Cell Shape/drug effects , DNA/metabolism , Humans , Porosity , Spectroscopy, Fourier Transform Infrared , X-Ray DiffractionABSTRACT
Acid-Solubilized Collagen (ASC) and Pepsin-Solubilized Collagen (PSC) were extracted from the mantle of the common European squid, and were comparatively characterized. ASC and PSC were isolated with an extraction yield of 5.1 and 24.2% (on dry weight basis), respectively. SDS-PAGE showed that the ASC was mostly comprised of α1- and α2-chains; while the PSC presented relevant ß- and γ-components. GPC analysis confirmed that both the ASC and the PSC consisted of fractions characterized by different molecular weight. Thermal denaturation behavior of ASC and PSC were followed by calorimetric and rheological analyses; denaturation temperature was estimated to be 22°C for ASC and 21°C for PSC. Amino acid composition and solubility of collagen were also investigated. Finally, the cytotoxicity of the isolated collagen was evaluated in vitro and no cytotoxic activity caused by the collagen extracts was observed. This study demonstrated that squid mantle has potential as an alternative source of collagen-derived materials.