ABSTRACT
Dimorphandra gardneriana Tulasne é conhecida como fava danta, é uma árvore brasileira, naturalmente do Cerrado e Caatinga, têm uma importância ecológica e funcional, seus frutos são ricos em flavonoides (rutina, quercetina, isoquercitrina). O objetivo deste trabalho foi estudar a estabilidade térmica da fava danta e da rutina purifica através da termogravimetria. As amostras foram analisadas no Termogravimétrico Shimadzu, TGA-51, no Laboratório de Materiais do IFPI, onde foram acondicionadas em porta-amostras de platina, com atmosfera de nitrogênio e com fluxo de 50 mL/min. A temperatura foi elevada a 600°C, com taxa de aquecimento de 2 °C/min. Obteve-se sucesso com a purificação da fava danta, pois a rutina obtida teve maior uniformidade nos eventos térmicos e maior estabilidade térmica em relação a fava.
Subject(s)
Fabaceae/chemistry , Heat-Shock Response/physiology , Rutin/isolation & purification , Thermotolerance/physiology , Hot Temperature/adverse effects , ThermogravimetryABSTRACT
Anacardic acid, cardanol and cardol, the main constituents of natural cashew nut shell liquid (CNSL), were obtained by solvent extraction and assayed for antioxidant, larvicidal and antiacetylcholinesterase activity. Their relative percent composition was obtained by HPLC analysis. Antioxidant activity was assessed using the DPPH and ABTS(+) tests, which showed cardanol as the most active, followed by cardol and anacardic acid. The three CNSL components demonstrated good larvicidal activity against Aedes aegypti (LC(50)=12.40 for anacardic acid, 10.22 for cardol and 14.45 for cardanol) and exhibited inhibition zones for acetylcholinesterase enzymes in the TLC test similar to carbachol, which was used as standard. Based on the results, these multipotent compounds represent promising agents in the control of Ae. aegypti, the main dengue vector in Brazil.
Subject(s)
Anacardium/chemistry , Antioxidants/pharmacology , Larva/drug effects , Nuts/chemistry , Acetylcholinesterase/analysis , Acetylcholinesterase/metabolism , Aedes/drug effects , Aedes/growth & development , Anacardic Acids/pharmacology , Anacardium/metabolism , Animals , Brazil , Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid , Dengue/prevention & control , Dengue Virus , Disease Vectors , Inhibitory Concentration 50 , Larva/growth & development , Mosquito Control/methods , Nuts/metabolism , Phenols/pharmacology , Resorcinols/pharmacologyABSTRACT
The aim of this work was to study the larvicidal activity of Lippia sidoides essential oil against Aedes aegypti larvae. The essential oil and its hydrolate (saturated solution of essential oil in water) were obtained by vapor extraction and their chemical composition determined by GL-chromatography coupled to mass spectroscopy. Bioassays were run with the essential oil, pure and diluted hydrolate and with their main constituents thymol and carvacrol. The results obtained showed that L. sidoides essential oil and its hydrolate have larvicidal action against the mosquito A. aegypti, causing an almost instantaneous mortality. Thymol, an alkylated phenol derivative and one of the major components of L. sidoides essential oil, was identified as the active principle responsible for the larvicidal action, causing 100% larval mortality at the lowest tested concentration of 0.017% (w/v). These results suggest that the essential oil of L. sidoides is promising as larvicide against A. aegypti and could be useful in the search of newer, more selective, and biodegradable larvicidal natural compounds to be used in official combat programs and at home.
Subject(s)
Aedes/drug effects , Lippia/chemistry , Oils, Volatile/pharmacology , Plant Oils/pharmacology , Animals , Larva/drug effects , Parasitic Sensitivity TestsABSTRACT
The aim of this work was to study the larvicidal activity of Lippia sidoides essential oil against Aedes aegypti larvae. The essential oil and its hydrolate (saturated solution of essential oil in water) were obtained by vapor extraction and their chemical composition determined by GL-chromatography coupled to mass spectroscopy. Bioassays were run with the essential oil, pure and diluted hydrolate and with their main constituents thymol and carvacrol. The results obtained showed that L. sidoides essential oil and its hydrolate have larvicidal action against the mosquito A. aegypti, causing an almost instantaneous mortality. Thymol, an alkylated phenol derivative and one of the major components of L. sidoides essential oil, was identified as the active principle responsible for the larvicidal action, causing 100 percent larval mortality at the lowest tested concentration of 0.017 percent (w/v). These results suggest that the essential oil of L. sidoides is promising as larvicide against A. aegypti and could be useful in the search of newer, more selective, and biodegradable larvicidal natural compounds to be used in official combat programs and at home
Subject(s)
Animals , Aedes , Oils, Volatile , Plant Oils , LarvaSubject(s)
Food , Health Promotion , Carotenoids , Dietary Fiber , Flavonoids , Isoflavones , Probiotics , VitaminsABSTRACT
Os autores apresentam sua experiência sobre atividade moluscicida de hidrolatos de óleos essenciais de plantas do Nordeste Brasileiro e comentam os estudos pertinentes ao assunto sobre produtos naturais de vegetais superiores. Na 1ª abordagem foram testados 82 hidrolatos, sobressaindo-se doze plantas por sua considerável atividade moluscicida. Na 2ª e 3ª abordagens destacaram-se principalmente quatro espécies: Lippia aristata Schauer procedente de Ubajara-Ce. Lippia aff chamissonis D. Dietr. de Mossoró-RN, Piper sp (0292) de Grajaú-Ma. e Eucaliptus citriodora Hook coletada em Ubajara-Ce. Os hidrolatos das referidas plantas mostraram atividade moluscicida em baixas concentraçöes, contra Biomphalaria grabrata em vários estágios de desenvolvimento (desovas, recém-nascidos e adultos), conferindo-lhes potencialidade no combate à esquistossomose mansônica
