ABSTRACT
The therapeutic scheme for initial pulmonary tuberculosis recommended by the SAEI is as follows: Initial phase, isoniazid, rifampin and pyrazinamide given daily for 2 months. In HIV(+) patients and immigrants from areas with a rate of primary resistance to isoniazid > 4%, ethambutol should be added until susceptibility studies are available. Second phase (continuation phase): rifampin and isoniazid, given daily or intermittently for 4 months in the general population. HIV(+) patients (< or = 200 CD4) and culture-positive patients after 2 months of treatment should receive a 7-month continuation phase. A 6-month regimen is recommended for extrapulmonary tuberculosis, with the exception of tuberculous meningitis, which should be treated for a minimum of 12 months and bone/joint tuberculosis, treated for a minimum of 9 months. Treatment regimens for multidrug resistant tuberculosis are based on expert opinion. These would include a combination of still-useful first-line drugs, injectable agents, and alternative agents, such as quinolones. Patients who present a special risk of transmitting the disease or of non-adherence should be treated with directly observed therapy.
Subject(s)
Antitubercular Agents/therapeutic use , Tuberculosis/drug therapy , Adult , Antitubercular Agents/administration & dosage , Antitubercular Agents/classification , Child , Clinical Trials as Topic , Comorbidity , Disease Management , Drug Administration Schedule , Drug Therapy, Combination , Emigration and Immigration , Evidence-Based Medicine , Female , HIV Infections/epidemiology , Humans , Male , Organ Specificity , Pregnancy , Pregnancy Complications, Infectious/drug therapy , Salvage Therapy , Treatment Refusal , Tuberculosis/epidemiology , Tuberculosis, Multidrug-Resistant/drug therapy , Tuberculosis, Multidrug-Resistant/epidemiologyABSTRACT
El esquema terapéutico de la tuberculosis pulmonar inicial recomendado por la Sociedad Andaluza de Enfermedades Infecciosas (SAEI) es el siguiente: En la fase inicial se usa isoniacida, rifampicina y piracinamida con administración diaria durante 2 meses. En pacientes VIH(1) e inmigrantes procedentes de zonas con tasa de resistencia primaria a isoniacida superior a 4% debe añadirse etambutol hasta disponer del estudio de resistencias. La segunda fase (continuación): rifampicina e isoniacida con administración diaria o intermitente durante 4 meses en la población general y 7 meses en pacientes VIH(1) (< 200 CD4) y/o pacientes con cultivos positivos después de 2 meses de tratamiento. La pauta de 6 meses es la más recomendada para tratar la tuberculosis extrapulmonar. Las excepciones serían la meningitis cuyo tratamiento debería durar 12 meses y la tuberculosis osteoarticular que debería tratarse durante nueve. Las pautas de tratamiento de la tuberculosis resistente se basan en opiniones de expertos. Habría que utilizar una combinación de fármacos de primera línea todavía útiles, fármacos inyectables y agentes alternativos, como las quinolonas. Se recomienda el uso de tratamiento directamente observado en aquellos pacientes que presenten especial riesgo de contagiosidad o de incumplimiento del tratamiento (AU)
The therapeutic scheme for initial pulmonary tuberculosis recommended by the SAEI is as follows: Initial phase, isoniazid, rifampin and pyrazinamide given daily for 2 months. In HIV(1) patients and immigrants from areas with a rate of primary resistance to isoniazid > 4%, ethambutol should be added until susceptibility studies are available. Second phase (continuation phase): rifampin and isoniazid, given daily or intermittently for 4 months in the general population. HIV(1) patients (< 200 CD4) and culture-positive patients after 2 months of treatment should receive a 7-month continuation phase. A 6-month regimen is recommended for extrapulmonary tuberculosis, with the exception of tuberculous meningitis, which should be treated for a minimum of 12 months and bone/joint tuberculosis, treated for a minimum of 9 months. Treatment regimens for multidrug resistant tuberculosis are based on expert opinion. These would include a combination of still-useful first-line drugs, injectable agents, and alternative agents, such as quinolones. Patients who present a special risk of transmitting the disease or of non-adherence should be treated with directly observed therapy (AU)
Subject(s)
Humans , Tuberculosis/drug therapy , Antibiotics, Antitubercular/therapeutic use , Societies, Scientific , Communicable Diseases/drug therapy , Practice Guidelines as Topic , Consensus , Drug ResistanceABSTRACT
No disponible
Subject(s)
Adult , Male , Humans , Species Specificity , Treatment Refusal , Immunocompromised Host , AIDS-Related Opportunistic Infections , Respiratory Tract Infections , Substance-Related Disorders , Bronchiectasis , Corynebacterium , Corynebacterium Infections , Hepatitis, Viral, HumanABSTRACT
No disponible
