ABSTRACT
BACKGROUND: Non-compliance with latent tuberculosis infection (LTBI) treatment is a reality. The objective of this study was to develop and validate an mobile device application for monitoring the treatment of LTBI. METHODS: We defined the requirements, elaborated on the application's conceptual map, generated implementation and prototyping alternatives, and validated content. RESULTS: Feedback on the validity of content were: "usefulness, consistency, clarity, objectivity, vocabulary, and precision" from professionals, and "clarity" from patients. CONCLUSIONS: The application proved to be easy to understand, according to the assessment of both professionals and people undergoing treatment for LTBI.
Subject(s)
Latent Tuberculosis , Mobile Applications , Humans , Latent Tuberculosis/diagnosis , Latent Tuberculosis/drug therapyABSTRACT
Brazil is a large developing country that requires attention to regionalized behaviors regarding the dissemination of COVID-19. To deal with this complexity, the COVID-19 Brazil observatory was developed. The Portal aims to monitor and analyze data from different sources. Therefore, with a detailed audit, we centralized this information on the evolution of the disease, allowing for territorial and temporal monitoring. The daily publication of numbers about COVID-19 allowed anyone to follow the current scenario in several Brazilian cities. With about 1,7 million accesses, the Portal offers clarity and an easy understanding of the pandemic data in the country.
ABSTRACT
ABSTRACT Background: Non-compliance with latent tuberculosis infection (LTBI) treatment is a reality. The objective of this study was to develop and validate an mobile device application for monitoring the treatment of LTBI. Methods: We defined the requirements, elaborated on the application's conceptual map, generated implementation and prototyping alternatives, and validated content. Results: Feedback on the validity of content were: "usefulness, consistency, clarity, objectivity, vocabulary, and precision" from professionals, and "clarity" from patients. Conclusions: The application proved to be easy to understand, according to the assessment of both professionals and people undergoing treatment for LTBI.
ABSTRACT
BACKGROUND: Interoperability of health information systems is a challenge due to the heterogeneity of existing systems at both the technological and semantic levels of their data. The lack of existing data about interoperability disrupts intra-unit and inter-unit medical operations as well as creates challenges in conducting studies on existing data. The goal is to exchange data while providing the same meaning for data from different sources. OBJECTIVE: To find ways to solve this challenge, this research paper proposes an interoperability solution for the tuberculosis treatment and follow-up scenario in Brazil using Semantic Web technology supported by an ontology. METHODS: The entities of the ontology were allocated under the definitions of Basic Formal Ontology. Brazilian tuberculosis applications were tagged with entities from the resulting ontology. RESULTS: An interoperability layer was developed to retrieve data with the same meaning and in a structured way enabling semantic and functional interoperability. CONCLUSIONS: Health professionals could use the data gathered from several data sources to enhance the effectiveness of their actions and decisions, as shown in a practical use case to integrate tuberculosis data in the State of São Paulo.
ABSTRACT
Doctors, nurses, and other healthcare professionals use software that affects the patients. Directly Observed Treatment, Short-course is the name given to the tuberculosis control strategy recommended by the World Health Organization. The main goal of this work is to propose a protocol for evaluating the impact of healthcare software supporting Directly Observed Treatment, Short-course on patients, healthcare professionals, and services. The proposed protocol consists of a set of instruments and steps. The instruments are reliable and validated existing questionnaires to be applied before and after using the software tool. The literature points out the need for standards on the software assessment. This is particularly critical when software affects patients directly. The present protocol is a universal tool to assess the impact of software used to support the fight against the tragedy of tuberculosis where a rigorous evaluation of IT in healthcare is highly recommended and of great importance.
Subject(s)
Health Impact Assessment/statistics & numerical data , Health Personnel/psychology , Patient Satisfaction , Telemedicine/standards , Clinical Protocols , Directly Observed Therapy , Humans , Surveys and Questionnaires , Telemedicine/methodsABSTRACT
Assessment of health information systems consider different aspects of the system itself. They focus or on the professional who will use the software or on its usability or on the software engineering metrics or on financial and managerial issues. The existent approaches are very resources consuming, disconnected, and not standardized. As the software becomes more critical in the health organizations and in patients, becoming used as a medical device or a medicine, there is an urgency to identify tools and methods that can be applied in the development process. The present work is one of the steps of a broader study to identify standardized protocols to evaluate the health information systems as medicines and medical devices are evaluated by clinical trials. The goal of the present work was to evaluate the effect of the introduction of an information system for monitoring tuberculosis treatment (SISTB) in a Brazilian municipality from the patients' perspective. The Patient Satisfaction Questionnaire and the Hospital Consumer Assessment of Healthcare Providers and Systems were answered by the patients before and after the SISTB introduction, for comparison. Patients from an outpatient clinic, formed the control group, that is, at this site was not implanted the SISTB. Descriptive statistics and mixed effects model were used for data analysis. Eighty-eight interviews were conducted in the study. The questionnaire's results presented better averages after the system introduction but were not considered statistically significant. Therefore, it was not possible to associate system implantation with improved patient satisfaction. The HIS evaluation need be complete, the technical and managerial evaluation, the safety, the impact on the professionals and direct and/or indirect impact on patients are important. Developing the right tools and methods that can evaluate the software in its entirety, from the beginning of the development cycle with a normalized scale, are needed.
Subject(s)
Antitubercular Agents/administration & dosage , Clinical Protocols , Health Information Systems/organization & administration , Patient Satisfaction , Tuberculosis/drug therapy , Adult , Ambulatory Care Facilities , Antitubercular Agents/therapeutic use , Brazil , Directly Observed Therapy , Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Quality Improvement , Research Design , Socioeconomic Factors , Software DesignABSTRACT
OBJECTIVE: to analyze sources of data for tuberculosis (TB) before and after the implementation of the Computerized System to Record Care for TB in Ribeirão Preto - SP. METHOD: Intervention, descriptive-analytical epidemiological study. Data was collected from secondary sources using a structured form, and analyzed using Chi-squared or Fisher's Exact Test, with a significance level of 5%. RESULTS: We found an association between the period before implementation of the system and placing the Directly Observed Treatment Card in the file, and registration of instructions for the return visit by the nursing team. The latter was associated with an increase in registered data regarding TB patient telephone number, address, end of treatment date, status at closing, sputum smear results for monthly control, HIV test, monthly checkups, tests ordered by physician, social worker visits, patient living conditions, contact control, social incentives and the use of drugs and alcohol. CONCLUSION: Implementing the system improved the registration of a number of variables, despite the fact that other sources of data other than the system continue to exist.
Subject(s)
Delivery of Health Care/methods , Directly Observed Therapy/methods , Health Information Systems , Tuberculosis/therapy , Antitubercular Agents/administration & dosage , Brazil , HumansABSTRACT
Resumo O objetivo deste artigo é analisar fontes de registro da tuberculose (TB) antes e após a implantação do Sistema Informatizado para Registro da Assistência à TB em Ribeirão Preto (SP). Estudo epidemiológico descritivo-analítico, do tipo intervenção. Os dados foram coletados em fontes secundárias, a partir de um formulário estruturado, e analisados através de teste Qui-quadrado ou Exato de Fisher com nível de significância de 5%. Identificou-se associação entre o período anterior da implantação do sistema com o arquivamento da Ficha do Tratamento Diretamente Observado no prontuário e o registro de orientação de retorno às consultas pela equipe de enfermagem. O posterior esteve associado com o aumento do registro do contato telefônico e endereço do doente de TB, data de término do tratamento, situação de encerramento, resultado da baciloscopia de escarro para controle mensal, teste anti-HIV, consultas mensais e solicitação de exames realizados pelo médico, atendimento com assistente social, condições de vida do doente, controle de comunicantes, incentivos sociais e uso de álcool e drogas. A implantação do sistema possibilitou a melhora no registro de algumas variáveis, ainda que outras fontes de registro tenham permanecido que não fossem o próprio sistema.
Abstract Objective to analyze sources of data for tuberculosis (TB) before and after the implementation of the Computerized System to Record Care for TB in Ribeirão Preto - SP. Method Intervention, descriptive-analytical epidemiological study. Data was collected from secondary sources using a structured form, and analyzed using Chi-squared or Fisher’s Exact Test, with a significance level of 5%. Results We found an association between the period before implementation of the system and placing the Directly Observed Treatment Card in the file, and registration of instructions for the return visit by the nursing team. The latter was associated with an increase in registered data regarding TB patient telephone number, address, end of treatment date, status at closing, sputum smear results for monthly control, HIV test, monthly checkups, tests ordered by physician, social worker visits, patient living conditions, contact control, social incentives and the use of drugs and alcohol. Conclusion Implementing the system improved the registration of a number of variables, despite the fact that other sources of data other than the system continue to exist.
Subject(s)
Humans , Tuberculosis/therapy , Directly Observed Therapy/methods , Delivery of Health Care/methods , Health Information Systems , Brazil , Antitubercular Agents/administration & dosageABSTRACT
O acompanhamento dos casos de Tuberculose (TB) envolve planejar ações assistenciais e gerenciais, as quais preveem a utilização de diferentes instrumentos de registro e sistemas de informação. Dessa forma, desenvolveu-se um sistema de informação para acompanhamento dos doentes de TB (SISTB), sendo que o presente estudo teve como objetivo analisar a implantação e utilização de tal sistema em um Ambulatório de Referência (AR) para o tratamento da TB de Ribeirão Preto - SP no período de 2013 à 2016. Trata-se de um estudo epidemiológico descritivo-analítico, do tipo intervenção, com abordagem quantitativa. Para análise do processo de implantação do SISTB, foi realizada observação com roteiro. O banco de dados do SISTB foi consultado para analisar a utilização e completude de preenchimento dos dados. Resultados: adaptações foram realizadas no SISTB para atender as necessidades dos profissionais de saúde. O cadastro dos doentes no sistema ocorreu em média 7 dias após o início do tratamento. O cadastro das supervisões medicamentosas e a edição de dados foram as ações mais realizadas. Fragilidades na completude dos dados foram identificadas no preenchimento do CPF, número do SINAN e na data do exame de cultura de escarro. Apresentaram 100% de completude o número do prontuário, endereço, município, data de nascimento, serviço que descobriu o caso, data de notificação, unidade de atendimento médico, unidade de supervisão medicamentosa, data de início do tratamento, tipo de tratamento, realizou tratamento anterior, data da alta e desfecho do tratamento. Conclusão: a utilização do SISTB possibilitou a geração automática da Ficha de Registro do Tratamento Diretamente Observado (TDO) e Boletim de Acompanhamento Mensal. Apesar da incompletude no preenchimento de alguns dados, outros foram completamente preenchidos. Foram identificados problemas que dificultavam o uso do SISTB, os quais foram corrigidos. O SISTB permitiu agrupar diferentes registros em um único local com acesso online, facilitando o compartilhamento e visualização de informações entre os profissionais e serviços de saúde
The monitoring of tuberculosis (TB) cases involves planning care and management actions, which provide the use of different instruments registration and information systems. Thus, it was developed an information system for monitoring TB patients (SISTB), and the present study analyzed the implementation and use of this system in a reference outpatient clinic (AR) for TB treatment in Ribeirão Preto - SP from 2013 to 2016. This is a descriptive and analytical epidemiological study of type intervention with a quantitative approach. For analysis of SISTB deployment process, script with observation was performed. The SISTB database was consulted to analyze the data use, data fill completeness. Results: Improvements were made in SISTB to meet the needs of healthcare professionals. The registration system of the patients was on average 7 days after initiation of treatment. Registration of drug supervision and editing of data was the most performed actions. Weaknesses in the completeness of data were identified for completion of the CPF, SINAN number and date of sputum culture test. Showed 100% completion of the medical record number, address, city, date of birth, service that discovered the case, notification, medical care unit, drug supervision unit, starting date of treatment, type of treatment, being treated earlier, date of discharge and treatment outcome. Conclusion: The use of SISTB enabled the automatic generation of Treatment Registration Form Directly Observed (TDO) and Monthly Monitoring Bulletin. Despite the incompleteness in filling some data, others were completely filled. Problems were identified that hindered the use of SISTB, which were corrected. The SISTB allowed group different records in a single location with online access, facilitating the sharing and visualization of information between professionals and health services
