ABSTRACT
Gallocanta is the largest well-preserved saline lake in Western Europe, included in the Ramsar List. Associated with its shallow morphology, the lake undergoes strong variations in its water surface extent along time that condition the habitat distribution and the ecological functions. Data on the morphology of the lake and its hydrological variations along time may be of paramount ecological importance for the managers of this natural space. Even though its interest for research and management purposes, no accurate and robust dataset of this nature covering large periods of time is available. This dataset presents a multi-decadal mapping with a sub-weekly frequency (2-5 days) of the contour of the Gallocanta Lake (NE Iberian Peninsula) along the period 1984-2020 (1043 dates with information). The shoreline position appears continuously defined with subpixel accuracy from the freely-available images acquired by the satellites Sentinel-2 (sensor MSI) and Landsat 5 (TM), 7 (EMT+), and 8 (OLI) by applying the extraction system SHOREX. The satellite-derived shorelines allow the definition of the surface of the lake and are combined with a digital elevation model to assign elevation values to the points defining each shoreline. This allows deducing the mean elevation of the water level and the volumetric changes for those same dates. This data package constitutes a valuable source of information for carrying out robust analyses of the trends of the lake along decades, as well as its response to individual rainfall events.
ABSTRACT
BACKGROUND: The planning and execution of continuous education in an organization that provides health services is a complex process. The objectives, learning sequences, and implementation strategies should all be oriented to improving the health of the population. The aim of this study was to analyse the expectations and perceptions of continuous educations by primary healthcare professionals (physicians and nurses) and identify aspects that hinder or encourage the process. METHODS: A qualitative study with 5 focus groups made up of 25 primary healthcare professionals from the Catalan Health Institute, Barcelona (Catalonia, Spain). The focus groups were audio-recorded and the results transcribed. The analysis involved: a) Reading of the data looking for meanings b) Coding of the data by themes and extracting categories c) Reviewing and refining codes and categories d) Reconstruction of the data providing an explanatory framework for the meanings e) Discussion about the interpretations of the findings and f) Discussed with relevant professionals from PHC (physicians and nurses)"Data regarding thematic content were analyzed with the support of Atlasti 5.1 software. RESULTS: The health needs of the population were often at the core of the learning processes but the participants' views did not always spontaneously refer to improvements in these issues. Common themes that could hinder learning and where identified, including contextual aspects such as work constraints (timetables, places being covered during training) and funding policies. New learning strategies to improve the effectiveness of continuous education were proposed such as the exchange of knowledge, the activation of personal commitment to change, and the improvement of organizational aspects. CONCLUSIONS: The primary healthcare professionals in our study viewed continuous education as a professional necessity and would like to translate the knowledge acquired to improving the health of the population. Nevertheless, professional, structural, and organizational issues impede the process.
Subject(s)
Education, Medical, Continuing/standards , Physicians , Primary Health Care , Qualitative Research , Adult , Attitude of Health Personnel , Career Choice , Female , Focus Groups , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Perception , Physicians/psychology , Physicians/standards , Spain , Video RecordingABSTRACT
Estudiamos un grupo de 32 pacientes, de los cuales 25 eran varones y 7 fueron hembras, con un rango de edad entre 39 y 85 años. A quienes se les diagnosticó infarto miocárdico agudo (IMA) según criterios clínicos electrocardiográficos y enzimáticos. Les fueron practicadas determinaciones de uratos séricos en las primeras 24 horas, 48 horas, 72 horas y posteriormente a las 6 semanas. Encontramos una clara tendencia a na elevación de los uratos séricos durante la fase aguda y descenso posterior de los mismos. Esta tendencia fue comparable en el grupo que cursó con valores de uratos séricos dentro del rango de lo normal. Una asociación con uremia encontramos en el grupo de pacientes que cursaron con valores de uratos séricos elevados. Mayor morbilidad y mortalidad en el grupo de pacientes que cursó con valores de uratos séricos elevados en las primeras 24 horas, al compararlos con el grupo de pacientes normouricémicos en el mismo momento. Concluimos: Los uratos se elevan y descienden durante el IM; La hiperuricemia sin uremia es inusual en infarto. El ácido úrico fue signo de mal pronóstico cuando se asoció en las primeras 24 horas del IM. Sugerimos que el ácido úrico tiene importancia pronóstica en IMA
