Pharmacist elicited medication histories in the Emergency Department: Identifying patient groups at risk of medication misadventure

The Australian Pharmaceutical Advisory Committee guidelines call for a detailed medication history to be taken at the first point of admission to an Emergency Department (ED). The elderly, in particular those residing in Residential Aged Care Facilities and those with a non-English speaking background, have been identified as patient groups vulnerable to medication misadventure. Objective: to analyse the incidence of discrepancies in medication histories in these demographic groups when pharmacist elicited medication histories were compared with those taken by ED physicians. It also aimed to investigate the incidence of medication related ED presentations. Methods: The study was conducted over a six week period and included 100 patients over the age of 70, who take five or more regular medications, have three or more clinical co-morbidities and/or have been discharged from hospital in three months prior to the study. Results: Twenty four participants were classified as 'language barrier'; 12 participants were from residential aged care facilities, and 64 participants were classified as 'general'. The number of correctly recorded medications was lowest in the 'language barrier' group (13.8%) compared with 18% and 19.6% of medications for 'general' patients and patients from residential aged care facilities respectively. Seven of the patients (29.2%) with 'language barrier'; 1 from a residential aged care facility (8.3%) and 13 of the (20.3%) patients from the 'general' category were suspected as having a medication related ED presentation. Conclusion: This study further highlights the positive contribution an ED pharmacist can make to enhancing medication management along the continuum of care. This study also confirms the vulnerability of patients with language barrier to medication misadventure and their need for interpreter services at all stages of their hospitalisation, in particular at the point of ED presentation (AU)

Las guías del Comité Consultivo Farmacéutico Australiano establecen que se lleve una historia de medicación detallada desde el primer punto de entrada en un servicio de urgencias (SU). Los ancianos, en particular los que residen en Residencias de Ancianos y los que no son hablantes nativos ingleses, se han identificado como grupos de pacientes vulnerables a las desgracias medicamentosas. Objetivo: Analizar la incidencia de discrepancias en las historias de medicación en estos grupos demográficos cuando el farmacéutico obtuvo el historial farmacoterapéutico comparado con los recopilados por los médicos del Servicio de Urgencias. También trató de investigar la incidencia de visitas al SU relacionadas con medicamentos. Métodos. Este estudio se condujo en un periodo de seis semanas e incluyó 100 pacientes de edad superior a 70 años, que tomaban regularmente 5 o más medicamentos, tenían 3 o mas comorbilidades clínicas y/o habían sido dados de alta del hospital en los 3 meses anteriores al estudio. Resultados: 24 participantes fueron calificados con 'barreras lingüísticas'; 12 participantes estaban en residencias de ancianos, y 64 participantes fueron calificados de 'generales'. El número de medicaciones correctamente registradas fue menor en los de 'barreras lingüísticas' (13,8%) comparado con el 18% y el 19,6% de las medicaciones para los 'generales' y los pacientes de residencias de ancianos, respectivamente. En 7 de los pacientes (29,2%) con 'barreras lingüísticas', 1 de residencias de ancianos (8,3%) y 13 (20,3%) de los 'generales' se sospechó que tenían una visita al SU relacionada con los medicamentos. Conclusiones: Este estudio ensalza la contribución positiva que un farmacéutico de urgencias puede realizar para elevar la gestión de la medicación en el continuum de cuidados. Este estudio también confirma la vulnerabilidad e los pacientes con barreras lingüísticas ante las desgracias medicamentosas y su necesidad de servicios de interpretes en todas las etapas de su hospitalización, en particular en el punto de entrada al SU (AU)

Eliciting comprehensive medication histories in the emergency department: the role of the pharmacist

The Australian Pharmaceutical Advisory Committee guidelines call for a detailed medication history to be taken at the first point of admission to hospital. Accurate medication histories are vital in optimising health outcomes and have been shown to reduce mortality rates. This study aimed to examine the accuracy of medication histories taken in the Emergency Department of the Royal Adelaide Hospital. Medication histories recorded by medical staff were compared to those elicited by a pharmacy researcher. The study, conducted over a six-week period, included 100 patients over the age of 70, who took five or more regular medications, had three or more clinical co-morbidities and/or had been discharged from hospital in three months prior to the study. Following patient interviews, the researcher contacted the patient's pharmacist and GP for confirmation and completion of the medication history. Out of the 1152 medications recorded as being used by the 100 patients, discrepancies were found for 966 medications (83.9%). There were 563 (48.9%) complete omissions of medications. The most common discrepancies were incomplete or omitted dosage and frequency information. Discrepancies were mostly medications that treated dermatological and ear, nose and throat disorders but approximately 29% were used to treat cardiovascular disorders. This study provides support for the presence of an Emergency Department pharmacist who can compile a comprehensive and accurate medication history to enhance medication management along the continuum of care. It is recommended that the patient's community pharmacy and GP be contacted for clarification and confirmation of the medication history (AU)

Las guías del Comité Consultivo Farmacéutico Australiano piden que se realice un historial de medicación detallado en el punto de ingreso del hospital. Para optimizar los resultados en salud son vitales los historiales de medicación fiables que han demostrado reducir las tasas de mortalidad. Este estudio trató de examinar la fiabilidad de los historiales de medicación tomados en el Servicio de Urgencias del Hospital Real de Adelaida registradas por el personal médicos y se compararon con las extraídas por un investigador de farmacia. El estudio, conducido durante seis semanas, incluyó 100 pacientes de mas de 70 años que tomaban cinco o mas medicamentos habituales, tenían tres o más comorbilidades y/o habían sido dados de alta del hospital en los tres meses anteriores al estudio. Después de las entrevistas a los pacientes, el investigador contactaba al farmacéutico y al médico del paciente para la confirmación y compleción del historial. Del as 1152 medicaciones registradas como utilizadas por los 100 pacientes, se encontraron discrepancias en 966 (83,9%). Hubo 563 (48,9%) omisiones completas de medicación. Las discrepancias más comunes fueron la omisión de dosis y frecuencia. Las discrepancias eran mayoritariamente medicaciones dermatológicas y para problemas de oído, nariz y garganta, pero alrededor del 29% eran usadas para tratar problemas cardiovasculares. Este estudio da apoyo a la presencia de un farmacéutico en un Servicio de Urgencias que pueda compilar un historial de medicación intensivo y fiable para mejorar la gestión del a medicación en el continuum de la atención. Es recomendable contactar con el farmacéutico comunitario y el médico del paciente para la clarificación y confirmación del historial de medicación (AU)

Pharmacist elicited medication histories in the Emergency Department: Identifying patient groups at risk of medication misadventure.

UNLABELLED: The Australian Pharmaceutical Advisory Committee guidelines call for a detailed medication history to be taken at the first point of admission to an Emergency Department (ED). The elderly, in particular those residing in Residential Aged Care Facilities and those with a non-English speaking background, have been identified as patient groups vulnerable to medication misadventure. OBJECTIVE: to analyse the incidence of discrepancies in medication histories in these demographic groups when pharmacist elicited medication histories were compared with those taken by ED physicians. It also aimed to investigate the incidence of medication related ED presentations. METHODS: The study was conducted over a six week period and included 100 patients over the age of 70, who take five or more regular medications, have three or more clinical co-morbidities and/or have been discharged from hospital in three months prior to the study. RESULTS: Twenty four participants were classified as 'language barrier'; 12 participants were from residential aged care facilities, and 64 participants were classified as 'general'. The number of correctly recorded medications was lowest in the 'language barrier' group (13.8%) compared with 18% and 19.6% of medications for 'general' patients and patients from residential aged care facilities respectively. Seven of the patients (29.2%) with 'language barrier'; 1 from a residential aged care facility (8.3%) and 13 of the (20.3%) patients from the 'general' category were suspected as having a medication related ED presentation. CONCLUSION: This study further highlights the positive contribution an ED pharmacist can make to enhancing medication management along the continuum of care. This study also confirms the vulnerability of patients with language barrier to medication misadventure and their need for interpreter services at all stages of their hospitalisation, in particular at the point of ED presentation.

Eliciting comprehensive medication histories in the emergency department: the role of the pharmacist.

The Australian Pharmaceutical Advisory Committee guidelines call for a detailed medication history to be taken at the first point of admission to hospital. Accurate medication histories are vital in optimising health outcomes and have been shown to reduce mortality rates. This study aimed to examine the accuracy of medication histories taken in the Emergency Department of the Royal Adelaide Hospital. Medication histories recorded by medical staff were compared to those elicited by a pharmacy researcher. The study, conducted over a six-week period, included 100 patients over the age of 70, who took five or more regular medications, had three or more clinical co-morbidities and/or had been discharged from hospital in three months prior to the study. Following patient interviews, the researcher contacted the patient's pharmacist and GP for confirmation and completion of the medication history. Out of the 1152 medications recorded as being used by the 100 patients, discrepancies were found for 966 medications (83.9%). There were 563 (48.9%) complete omissions of medications. The most common discrepancies were incomplete or omitted dosage and frequency information. Discrepancies were mostly medications that treated dermatological and ear, nose and throat disorders but approximately 29% were used to treat cardiovascular disorders. This study provides support for the presence of an Emergency Department pharmacist who can compile a comprehensive and accurate medication history to enhance medication management along the continuum of care. It is recommended that the patient's community pharmacy and GP be contacted for clarification and confirmation of the medication history.