ABSTRACT
The UK national study of magnetic resonance imaging as a method of screening for breast cancer (MARIBS) is in progress. The study design, accrual to date, and related research projects are described. Revised accrual rates and expected recruitment are given. 15 cancers have been detected to date, from a total of 1236 screening measurements. This event rate and the tumour grades reported are compared with recent reports from other studies in women at high risk of breast cancer.
Subject(s)
Breast Neoplasms/diagnosis , Magnetic Resonance Imaging , Mass Screening , Adult , Breast Neoplasms/genetics , Cohort Studies , Female , Genes, BRCA1 , Genes, BRCA2 , Genetic Predisposition to Disease , Humans , Image Processing, Computer-Assisted , Magnetic Resonance Imaging/methods , Mammography , Middle Aged , Mutation , Patient Selection , Quality Control , Sensitivity and SpecificityABSTRACT
Intragastric total bile acid concentrations were measured before and after a corn oil test meal in 16 patients with erosive oesophagitis and symptoms of gastro-oesophageal reflux. Sixteen age and sex matched control subjects were also studied. No significant difference was detected between fasting or postprandial gastric bile acid concentrations in patients and in control subjects although a wide range of bile acid concentrations was detected among individuals in both groups. Gastric juice pH was less than 3.5 in seven patients when intragastric bile acid concentrations were greater than 200 mumol/l. These results do not support a role for abnormal duodenogastric reflux in the pathogenesis of erosive oesophagitis. The detection of acid reflux in such patients during intra-oesophageal pH monitoring, however, does not exclude the presence of bile acids which may contribute to the cytotoxic potential of gastric juice.
Subject(s)
Bile Acids and Salts/metabolism , Esophagitis, Peptic/metabolism , Gastric Juice/metabolism , Adult , Duodenogastric Reflux/complications , Esophagitis, Peptic/etiology , Fasting , Female , Food , Humans , Hydrogen-Ion Concentration , Male , Middle AgedABSTRACT
A pleural effusion might be missed on an ultrasound examination if it is done only with the patient in a supine position. Ultrasound should be done sitting or standing to rule out pleural effusions. A patient is presented who had a subpulmonic pleural effusion on a chest radiography. The effusion was not visualized on supine sonography but was clearly visualized with the patient upright.
