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1.
Vet Clin North Am Small Anim Pract ; 26(1): 29-37, 1996 Jan.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-8825564

ABSTRACT

Review of the veterinary oncology literature is important for keeping up-to-date, but it can be time-consuming and sometimes frustrating. Results of clinical trials are published in a variety of formats, including case descriptions, review articles, retrospective studies, and prospective trials. They may be found as abstracts, which usually present preliminary data and interpretation, as interesting items or commentary in a newsletter, or as articles in referred journals. In this "clinician's viewpoint," a practical approach to sifting through the mountains of literature is offered.


Subject(s)
Clinical Trials as Topic/veterinary , Medical Oncology/methods , Neoplasms/veterinary , Animals , Cats , Clinical Trials as Topic/standards , Dogs , Medical Oncology/standards
2.
J Am Anim Hosp Assoc ; 31(1): 29-33, 1995.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-7820761

ABSTRACT

Concurrent renal adenocarcinoma and polycythemia were diagnosed in a 19-month-old, female Rhodesian ridgeback. An unusually early presentation for this neoplasm, it is the second reported case of renal adenocarcinoma in a dog less than two years of age. Concurrent renal adenocarcinoma and polycythemia have been reported previously in four older dogs. In the dog of this report, clinical signs included brick-red mucous membranes, lethargy, a periodic systolic heart murmur, and engorged retinal vessels. A large retroperitoneal mass and pulmonary metastatic nodules were present at the time of diagnosis. Red blood cell count, packed cell volume, and hemoglobin concentration were greatly increased (12,940,000 red blood cells/microliter; 73.2%; and 26.6 g/dl, respectively). Histopathological diagnosis was renal adenocarcinoma. Polycythemia was the result of excessive erythropoietin production by the neoplasm.


Subject(s)
Carcinoma, Renal Cell/veterinary , Dog Diseases , Kidney Neoplasms/veterinary , Polycythemia/veterinary , Animals , Biopsy, Needle/veterinary , Carcinoma, Renal Cell/complications , Carcinoma, Renal Cell/pathology , Carcinoma, Renal Cell/secondary , Dog Diseases/etiology , Dog Diseases/pathology , Dogs , Female , Kidney Neoplasms/complications , Kidney Neoplasms/pathology , Lung Neoplasms/secondary , Lung Neoplasms/veterinary , Polycythemia/etiology
3.
J Vet Intern Med ; 6(5): 298-300, 1992.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-1432904
4.
Am J Vet Res ; 50(4): 483-7, 1989 Apr.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-2712414

ABSTRACT

Natural killer (NK) cell activity and function were determined for 11 untreated and treated dogs with lymphoma. Concurrent chromium release and single cell binding assays, methods used to measure overall cytotoxic activity and that from individual cells, respectively, were performed at effector-to-target cell ratios of 50:1 and 100:1, with incubation periods of 12 and 16 hours. Significant reduction was achieved in overall activity for untreated dogs, using a 16-hour incubation period and an effector-to-target ratio of 100:1 (P less than 0.05). Decreased activity (P less than 0.025) was also achieved for those dogs that were administered combination chemotherapy, consisting of such drugs as cyclophosphamide, vincristine, prednisone, and doxorubicin. There was no significant difference in binding or cytotoxic activity by individual cells in the untreated or treated dogs, compared with the healthy controls. Short- or long-term treatment with glucocorticoids did not influence overall NK cll activity or individual cell cytotoxicity. The overall cytotoxic activity in untreated dogs was reduced, but these dogs had relatively normal numbers of NK cells compared with paracontrols. This suggests that a defect in recycling or the ability to kill targets repetitively, may be involved. A similar defect was found in NK cells of dogs treated aggressively with combination chemotherapy.


Subject(s)
Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols/therapeutic use , Dog Diseases/immunology , Glucocorticoids/therapeutic use , Killer Cells, Natural/immunology , Lymphoma/veterinary , Animals , Cyclophosphamide/administration & dosage , Cytotoxicity, Immunologic , Dog Diseases/drug therapy , Dogs , Doxorubicin/administration & dosage , Lymphoma/drug therapy , Lymphoma/immunology , Prednisone/administration & dosage , Vincristine/administration & dosage
5.
J Am Vet Med Assoc ; 190(8): 1007-10, 1987 Apr 15.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-3570950

ABSTRACT

Severe hypophosphatemia was found in 6 diabetic dogs and in one diabetic cat. The cat suffered from hemolysis, and one dog had seizures, both apparently as a result of the severe hypophosphatemia. Clinical signs were not determined solely by the serum concentration of phosphorus, as seen in 5 other patients that did not have signs of disease despite similar serum phosphorus concentrations.


Subject(s)
Cat Diseases/metabolism , Diabetes Mellitus/veterinary , Dog Diseases/metabolism , Hypophosphatemia, Familial/veterinary , Animals , Cats , Diabetes Complications , Dogs , Female , Humans , Hypophosphatemia, Familial/complications , Male , Phosphates/therapeutic use , Phosphorus/blood
6.
Am J Vet Res ; 47(9): 1935-9, 1986 Sep.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-3021028

ABSTRACT

Several immunologic responses were measured in 13 healthy cats with naturally acquired, persistent feline leukemia virus (FeLV) viremia from 4 multiple-cat households and were compared with responses from 28 of their healthy, non-FeLV-viremic housemates. Significant differences (P = less than 0.05) were not observed between results of FeLV-viremic and nonviremic cats for peripheral blood leukocyte or lymphocyte count, percentage of peripheral blood mononuclear cells able to form rosettes with guinea pig RBC or with antibody- and complement-coated sheep RBC, lymphocyte proliferative response to concanavalin A or pokeweed mitogen, or serum immunoglobulin G concentration. Seemingly, persistent FeLV viremia, when naturally acquired, may exist for some time without lymphopenia or a marked loss of mitogen-induced lymphocyte proliferation.


Subject(s)
Cat Diseases/immunology , Leukemia/veterinary , Animals , Cat Diseases/microbiology , Cats , Female , Leukemia/immunology , Leukemia/microbiology , Leukemia Virus, Feline , Male
8.
J Am Vet Med Assoc ; 187(7): 700-3, 1985 Oct 01.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-4055485
9.
Vet Clin North Am Small Anim Pract ; 15(3): 577-96, 1985 May.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-3892870

ABSTRACT

Neoplasms of the canine and feline alimentary tract represent diagnostic and therapeutic challenges for the veterinarian in practice. Careful attention to historical details and thorough and repeated examination are of paramount importance in evaluating animals with chronic digestive disturbances. By judicious use of ancillary studies such as plain and contrast radiography, endoscopy, and exploratory surgery, the clinician may arrive at a diagnosis earlier in the course of a neoplasm. This in turn may facilitate more efficacious treatment. A particularly interesting aspect of tumors of the gastrointestinal tract is their frequent association with environmental carcinogens. By being aware of these relationships, veterinarians stand a better chance of reaching the ultimate goal of cancer therapists--the prevention of malignant disease.


Subject(s)
Cat Diseases/diagnosis , Digestive System Neoplasms/veterinary , Dog Diseases/diagnosis , Animals , Cat Diseases/therapy , Cats , Colonic Neoplasms/diagnosis , Colonic Neoplasms/therapy , Colonic Neoplasms/veterinary , Digestive System Neoplasms/diagnosis , Digestive System Neoplasms/therapy , Dog Diseases/therapy , Dogs , Esophageal Neoplasms/diagnosis , Esophageal Neoplasms/therapy , Esophageal Neoplasms/veterinary , Female , Intestinal Neoplasms/diagnosis , Intestinal Neoplasms/therapy , Intestinal Neoplasms/veterinary , Intestine, Small , Liver Neoplasms/diagnosis , Liver Neoplasms/therapy , Liver Neoplasms/veterinary , Male , Pancreatic Neoplasms/diagnosis , Pancreatic Neoplasms/therapy , Pancreatic Neoplasms/veterinary , Rectal Neoplasms/diagnosis , Rectal Neoplasms/therapy , Rectal Neoplasms/veterinary , Stomach Neoplasms/diagnosis , Stomach Neoplasms/therapy , Stomach Neoplasms/veterinary
10.
J Neurochem ; 42(3): 740-4, 1984 Mar.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-6693901

ABSTRACT

Adult mice were treated intraperitoneally with aspartate (Asp) at one of several doses (0.47-3.75 mmol/kg) and 30 min later given a subcutaneous Asp injection at the same dose. This treatment regimen resulted in steady state blood Asp elevations, a given dose producing the same degree of elevation at both 30 and 60 min. The lowest and highest doses, respectively, produced four-fold and 55-fold elevations of serum Asp. In selected circumventricular organ (CVO) regions of brain which lack blood brain barriers, tissue Asp levels rose 1.5 and 3 times above control values following the lowest and highest doses, respectively, whereas tissue Asp remained unchanged in non-CVO brain regions. Thus, even very moderate Asp dosing causes marked increases in CVO Asp. In order to analyze the pattern of Asp uptake into CVO, Asp was assayed in numerous subdivisions of each CVO, and maps were constructed which reflected microregional concentration differences. The pattern of Asp distribution suggests that Asp enters brain via fenestrated capillaries serving certain portions of CVO and then spreads into adjacent brain tissue. In separate experiments, we administered a single high dose of Asp (15 mmol/kg) to both adult and infant mice and measured Asp in serum and select brain regions 60 min later. Asp concentrations in serum and CVO (but not other brain regions) rose markedly at both ages but the increases were greater in serum and therefore also in CVO of infants.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)


Subject(s)
Aspartic Acid/metabolism , Brain/metabolism , Aging , Animals , Aspartic Acid/blood , Biological Transport , Brain/growth & development , Hypothalamus/metabolism , Kinetics , Mice , Mice, Inbred Strains , Organ Specificity
11.
J Am Vet Med Assoc ; 183(9): 950, 1983 Nov 01.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-12002583
12.
Am J Vet Res ; 41(4): 516-21, 1980 Apr.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-6893260

ABSTRACT

Fifty-six dogs were given chemoimmunotherapy for spontaneous lymphosarcoma. The dogs had been given identical combination chemotherapy (8 weeks) for induction of remission, and after achieving complete clinical remission, they were randomly assigned to one of three treatment groups to evaluate immunotherapy as a method ancillary to chemotherapy to maintain or extend the remission. For immunostimulation, one-third of the dogs were given chemically modified autochthonous tumor cell extract in Freund's complete adjuvant (FCA), one-third were given nonmodified tumor cell extract in FCA, and one-third were given FCA alone. A historical control population of dogs given the same chemotherapy was used for comparison. Of the 56 dogs, 50 (89.3%) achieved initial remission, but 18 of the latter relapsed clinically during the initial 8-week-chemotherapy regimen. The remaining 32 dogs (or 57.1% of the original 56 dogs) were subsequently given immunotherapy. Duration of remission and survival time were recorded. The median remission duration and survival time for all dogs given immunotherapy following cytoreductive chemotherapy were significantly longer than the historical control population given chemotherapy alone. However, there was no significant difference in remission duration or survival among the three immunotherapy groups.


Subject(s)
Dog Diseases/therapy , Immunotherapy/veterinary , Lymphoma, Non-Hodgkin/veterinary , Animals , Cell Extracts/therapeutic use , Dog Diseases/drug therapy , Dogs , Freund's Adjuvant/therapeutic use , Lymphoma, Non-Hodgkin/drug therapy , Lymphoma, Non-Hodgkin/therapy
15.
J Am Vet Med Assoc ; 172(2): 169-72, 1978 Jan 15.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-627515

ABSTRACT

The effusive form of feline infectious peritonitis was diagnosed clinically and serologically in a 3-year-old male domestic cat. The cat responded to treatment for 9 months, then developed a myeloproliferative disorder with cytologic characteristics of reticuloendotheliosis.


Subject(s)
Cat Diseases , Myeloproliferative Disorders/veterinary , Peritonitis/veterinary , Ampicillin/therapeutic use , Animals , Cat Diseases/drug therapy , Cats , Male , Melphalan/therapeutic use , Myeloproliferative Disorders/complications , Myeloproliferative Disorders/drug therapy , Peritonitis/complications , Peritonitis/drug therapy , Prednisone/therapeutic use , Virus Diseases/complications , Virus Diseases/drug therapy , Virus Diseases/veterinary
17.
Cancer ; 40(5): 2102-8, 1977 Nov.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-579162

ABSTRACT

Thirty-two dogs with naturally occurring multicentric lymphosarcoma were randomly assigned to one of two treatment groups. One half of the animals received combination chemotherapy plus vitamin injections (controls) while the other half received indentical chemotherapy plus injections of chemically-modified tumor cell extract in Freund's complete adjuvant (vaccinates). Clinical staging revealed no bias between groups but showed that prognosis could be closely correlated with the severity of disease at initial presentation. Twenty dogs (62%), including 11 vaccinates and 9 controls, responded favorably to chemotherapy and were evaluated for length of first remission and total survival time. Both parameters were significantly longer in vaccinated dogs than in controls. These data suggest that immunological stimulation may be a helpful adjunct to conventional therapy in selected types of cancer when immunological principles are observed.


Subject(s)
Antineoplastic Agents/therapeutic use , Dog Diseases/therapy , Immunotherapy , Lymphoma, Non-Hodgkin/veterinary , Animals , Dogs , Drug Therapy, Combination , Evaluation Studies as Topic , Female , Freund's Adjuvant/therapeutic use , Lymphoma, Non-Hodgkin/therapy , Male , Prognosis
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