Rehabilitation outcomes in the older adult.

Numerous studies support the use of rehabilitative interventions in the older adult. Given the many fiscal challenges in health care today, it is of utmost importance that funding for rehabilitation result in fruitful outcomes. Specific rehabilitative interventions have been found to be very effective in the elderly and can be demonstrated through numerous studies. Outcomes for conditions including stroke, traumatic brain injury, spinal cord injury, amputation, hip fracture, and joint replacement are discussed. There is great need for ongoing research to determine optimal rehabilitative interventions in the elderly.

Delivery of rehabilitation services to people aging with a disability.

The disabled elderly population continues to grow. Systems of care for the disabled elderly are vast, ranging from inpatient facilities to outpatient programs and home programs. Recent advances in technology allow us to reach patients in their homes through telemedicine. Support services within the community are growing, and case managers are becoming more necessary as it becomes more difficult to navigate the health care system. As providers of rehabilitative services, we must help our patients find the most appropriate setting to receive care. As the focus continues to shift from inpatient to outpatient care and to home services, we must approach health care in a dynamic fashion and with flexibility. We must be advocates for our patients and their caretakers. Significant research questions remain, and health care policy requires development. As the population ages and the disabled elderly population become a focus of fiscal experts, we must look to provide the most cost-effective yet functionally productive health care. We may shift from focusing on functional performance in a therapy gym or inpatient rehabilitation unit to functional performance at home. We must focus on IADL and QOL indicators and must strive to find ways to provide efficient, cost-effective care. Medicaid, Medicare, and third-party insurers offer various options. The VHA offers additional benefit to those who are eligible. Advocacy groups such as the American Association of Retired Persons struggle to meet its members' needs and concerns while generating income to provide education and other resources. We must work to promote the strengths of the elderly population by addressing preventive strategies while maintaining functional independence.