Correlation between fluoride release, surface hardness and diametral tensile strength of restorative glass ionomer cements.

Background: The aim of this study was to determine if there is a correlation between fluoride release, surface hardness, and diametral tensile strength of restorative glass ionomer cements (GICs). Material and Methods: Conventional (Riva Self Cure) and resin-modified (Riva Light Cure) GICs were used. Thirty-four samples (ø 6 x 3 mm) were prepared for each cement. The kinetics of fluoride release (n=4) was evaluated over 28 days using a fluoride-selective electrode (ISE 4010-C00). The analysis of surface hardness (n=10) was performed using a microhardness tester (Shimadzu HMV-2000, Japan) with a Knoop indenter and a load of 25 gf for 30 seconds. The diametral tensile strength test (n=10) was conducted on a universal testing machine at a speed of 0.75 mm/min. Fluoride release data were analyzed by two-way repeated measures ANOVA and Bonferroni post hoc test, while independent t-test was used for other analyses (α=0.05). Results: Overall, the groups showed higher fluoride release until day 7 and a progressive decrease until day 28. On day 1 and day 21, Riva Self Cure showed a higher level of release than Riva Light Cure (p=0.026). Riva Light Cure showed higher diametral tensile strength (p<0.0001) and surface hardness (p=0.034) than Riva Self Cure. A negative correlation was found, indicating that higher fluoride release is associated with lower surface hardness and diametral tensile strength. Conclusion: Fluoride release and mechanical performance are related properties of GICs, and these properties exhibit different values depending on the type of material. Resin-modified GIC release less fluoride but exhibit better mechanical performance compared to conventional GIC. Key words:Diametral Tensile Strength, Fluoride, Glass Ionomer Cement, Surface Hardness.

A guide to functionalisation and bioconjugation strategies to surface-initiated polymer brushes.

Since the first introduction of their concept in the 1980s and 90s, polymer brushes have been the focus of intense research efforts to identify novel physico-chemical properties and responsiveness, and optimise the properties of associated interfaces for an ever growing range of applications. To a large extent, this effort has been enabled by progress in surface initiated controlled polymerisation techniques, allowing a huge diversity of monomers and macromolecular architectures to be harnessed and achieved. However, polymer functionalisation through chemical coupling of various moieties and molecular structures has also played an important role in expanding the molecular design toolbox of the field of polymer brush science. This perspective article reviews recent progress in polymer brush functionalisation, discussing a broad range of strategies for the side chain and end chain chemical modification of these polymer coatings. The impact of the brush architecture on associated coupling is also examined. In turn, the role that such functionalisation approaches play in the patterning and structuring of brushes, as well as their conjugation with biomacromolecules for the design of biofunctional interfaces is then reviewed and discussed.

Physiological and morphoanatomical effects of glyphosate in Eugenia uniflora, a Brazilian plant species native to the Atlantic Forest biome.

The herbicide glyphosate can cause severe ecotoxicological effects on non-target organisms. Eugenia uniflora L. (Myrtaceae) is very important for in situ environmental biomonitoring due to its wide distribution in the Atlantic Forest biome. Thus, this study aimed to evaluate the response of E. uniflora leaves to glyphosate. Eight-month-old plants were exposed to an aerial application of the herbicide at concentrations of 0, 144, 432, 864, and 1440 g a. e. ha-1 (grams of acid equivalent per hectare). Evaluations were performed on the 12th day after the glyphosate application (DAA). An accumulation of shikimic acid in the leaves of E. uniflora was observed. Glyphosate altered the photosynthetic parameters of the treated plants, with a drastic decrease in the photosynthetic rate, stomatal conductance, transpiration, and pigment content. There was an increase in Ci/Ca, lipid peroxidation, and electrolyte extravasation levels. Glyphosate also promoted ultrastructural, anatomical and visible damage to the E. uniflora leaves. Our findings indicate that glyphosate is phytotoxic to the native species E. uniflora at the tested doses. The presence of visible damage suggests that E. uniflora has remarkable potential as a bioindicator of glyphosate in the environment, making it a possible species for future biomonitoring projects.

Lipid and color stability of the meat and sausages of broiler fed with calcium anacardate.

BACKGROUND: Anacardic acid, a phenolic compound, represents 90% of cashew nut shell liquid, which is a byproduct from the industrial processing of cashew nuts. This study aimed to add calcium anacardate (CA) to broilers' diets as a source of anacardic acid, to evaluate its antioxidant effect in breast meat and in processed meat products (sausages). For this purpose, birds were fed according to the following treatments: diet without antioxidant and diets containing 2.5, 5.0, 7.5, or 10.0 g kg-1 CA. Chicken breast meat was stored frozen for 90 days. The thigh and drumsticks were used to produce chicken sausages that were kept in refrigerated conditions for 90 days. Lipid oxidation and color stability were assessed every 30 days. RESULTS: For breast meat, a 2.5 g kg-1 concentration of CA was insufficient to retard lipid oxidation, whereas 10.0 g kg-1 gave rise to a pro-oxidant effect and 5.0 g kg-1 slowed the oxidation up to 50 days. A level of 7.5 g kg-1 of CA was effective in retarding oxidation, favoring colour stability during the 90-days frozen storage. For sausages, 2.5 g kg-1 of calcium anacardate in broiler diets was sufficient to retard lipid oxidation. Calcium anacardate 7.5 g kg-1 provided greater redness in the sausages compared with the control and with the other treatments containing 5.0 and 10.0 g kg-1 . CONCLUSIONS: Calcium anacardate is a potential natural antioxidant for breast meat and sausages in storage when added to broilers' diets. © 2018 Society of Chemical Industry.

Impacto da criação do curso de medicina da Universidade Federal de Viçosa no perfil dos profissionais médicos do município / Impact of the creation of the medical course of the Federal University of Viçosa on the profile of the medical professionals of the municipality

Introdução: A distribuição da força de trabalho médica é alvo de diversos estudos em todo o mundo e a desigualdade entre as capitais e cidades do interior está presente na maioria deles, o que não é diferente no Brasil. A criação do curso de medicina da UFV, em 2010, é uma iniciativa em que um dos objetivos foi atrair profissionais da área para a cidade de Viçosa, bem como proporcionar melhores oportunidades de vida e trabalho como médico. Objetivo: Identificar o impacto causado pela criação do curso de medicina da Universidade Federal de Viçosa nos serviços de saúde, perfil e migração dos médicos da cidade, além de definir quais são os principais fatores influenciadores para escolha de uma cidade para se viver e trabalhar como médico. Metodologia: Aplicação de questionário próprio, contendo 20 perguntas, aos médicos domiciliados na cidade antes e depois da criação do curso, além dos estudantes do quinto e sexto ano do curso. Resultados: A aceitação do cônjuge/companheiro foi relevante para o grupo de médicos mais antigos, enquanto a oportunidade de pós-graduação stricto sensu foi relevante para os médicos mais novos (p<0,05). Na percepção do primeiro grupo, houve melhora dos serviços de saúde públicos, privados e das perspectivas de carreira. A qualidade de vida foi o mais importante aspecto para a migração dos médicos mais novos. A maioria dos estudantes tem intenção em trabalhar em cidades do interior e se sente preparado para isso. Conclusão: Houve impacto positivo nos serviços de saúde e atração de profissionais pela oportunidade de pós-graduação stricto sensu que pode ser atribuído à criação do curso de medicina da UFV. A qualidade de vida também foi importante para atração, o que é visto como fator importante para todos os participantes.(AU)

Introduction: The distribution of the medical workforce is target of several studies around the world and the inequality among the capitals and inner cities is present in most of them, which is not different in Brazil. The creation of the UFV medicine course in 2010 is an initiative that had as one of its objectives to attract professionals from the area to the city of Viçosa, as well as to provide better life and work opportunities as a doctor. Objective: To identify the impact caused by the creation of the medicine course at the Federal University of Viçosa in the health services, profile and migration of physicians in the city, and define the main influencing factors for choosing a city to live and work as doctor. Methodology: Application of a questionnaire, containing 20 questions, to physicians domiciled in the city before and after the creation of the course, in addition to the students of the fifth and sixth year of the course. Results: The acceptance of the spouse / partner was relevant for the group of older physicians, while the opportunity of stricto sensu graduate was relevant for younger physicians (p <0.05). In the perception of the first group, there was improvement in the public and private health services, as well as in the career prospects. Quality of life was the most important aspect for the migration of younger physicians. Most students intend to work in inner cities and feel prepared for it. Conclusion: There was a positive impact on health services and attraction of professionals for the stricto sensu post-graduation opportunity, what can be attributed to the creation of the UFV medicine course. Quality of life was also important for attracting people, which is seen as an important factor for all participants.(AU)

Effect of Syzygium cumini leaves on laying hens performance and egg quality.

The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of Syzygium cumini leaves (SCL) in laying hens diets on productive performance, egg quality and lipid oxidation of yolk. A total of 108 Hysex White laying hens were distributed in a completely randomized design with three treatments and six replicates of six birds each. The treatments consisted of SCL inclusion at dietary levels of 0, 5 and 10 g/kg. There was no significant effect of SCL inclusion on feed intake, laying percentage, weight and egg mass, feed conversion ratio, Haugh units, specific gravity, percentage of yolk, albumen and egg shells and shell thickness. However, the inclusion of SCL significantly influenced the yolk color and yolk lipid oxidation measured by TBARS values. Yolk color increased and TBARS values ​​decreased with the inclusion of SCL. The inclusion of SCL in laying hens diets improves pigmentation and lipid stability of yolk.

Effect of Syzygium cumini leaves on laying hens performance and egg quality

ABSTRACT The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of Syzygium cumini leaves (SCL) in laying hens diets on productive performance, egg quality and lipid oxidation of yolk. A total of 108 Hysex White laying hens were distributed in a completely randomized design with three treatments and six replicates of six birds each. The treatments consisted of SCL inclusion at dietary levels of 0, 5 and 10 g/kg. There was no significant effect of SCL inclusion on feed intake, laying percentage, weight and egg mass, feed conversion ratio, Haugh units, specific gravity, percentage of yolk, albumen and egg shells and shell thickness. However, the inclusion of SCL significantly influenced the yolk color and yolk lipid oxidation measured by TBARS values. Yolk color increased and TBARS values ​​decreased with the inclusion of SCL. The inclusion of SCL in laying hens diets improves pigmentation and lipid stability of yolk.

Cashew nut meal in the feeding of meat quails.

A study was aimed to evaluate the effects of cashew nut meal inclusion (CNM) on nutrient digestibility, performance and carcass characteristics of meat quails. A total of 432 meat quails with 7 days of age, were distributed in a completely randomized design with six treatments and nine replicates of eight birds each. Treatments were obtained with inclusion of CNM at levels of 0, 50, 100, 150, 200, and 250 g/kg. According to regression analysis, the inclusion of CNM, at levels above 50 g/kg, provided a linear reduction in digestibility of dry matter and metabolizable energy of diets, linear increase in feed intake and an increase in feed conversion ratio, not influencing weight gain and carcass characteristics. Comparing the results obtained with the different inclusion levels compared to those obtained with the diet without CNM (control group), it was noted that diets with 200 g/kg of CNM inclusion, the dry matter digestibility and metabolizable energy of diet were lower and the level of 250 g/kg provided higher feed intake. Considering the results, it can be inferred that cashew nut meal can be used as a feedstuff in meat quail's diets at levels up to 250 g/kg.

Impacto da dermolipectomia na melhoria da qualidade de vida em portadores de lipodistrofia abdominal / The impact of dermolipectomy in improving the quality of life in patients with abdominal lipodystrophy

INTRODUÇÃO: A valorização da aparência, aliada a padrões e parâmetros impostos pelas indústrias de beleza e moda e difundidos pelas mídias geram questionamentos sobre o real valor da beleza. Distorções nesses parâmetros levam pacientes, insatisfeitos com seus corpos, aos consultórios médicos. Concomitantemente, existem queixas físicas disfuncionais e suas consequências. A Cirurgia Plástica, nesse contexto, tem como objetivo a melhora da qualidade de vida e maior aceitação do próprio corpo. A abdominoplastia ou dermolipectomia abdominal é um procedimento cirúrgico com grande ênfase, mas ainda com poucas avaliações a respeito da imagem pessoal e qualidade de vida no pós-operatório. O objetivo é avaliar a melhoria da qualidade de vida e da imagem corporal nos pacientes submetidos à dermolipectomia abdominal como procedimento eletivo e compreender implicações físico-psicológicas relacionadas aos distúrbios corporais. MÉTODOS: Aplicação do instrumento WHOQOL bref em 15 pacientes do Ambulatório de Cirurgia Plástica do Hospital Universitário da Universidade Federal de Juiz de Fora e da Clínica Plastic Center, portadoras de lipodistrofia abdominal submetidas à dermolipectomia abdominal em três momentos: pré-operatório, dois e seis meses de pós-operatório. RESULTADOS: Após análise dos dados, foi observada melhora na qualidade de vida dos pacientes comparando os resultados nos estágios de pré e pós-operatório, analisados no domínio psicológico com resultados estatisticamente significativos (p < 0,05). No domínio físico, a relação entre as três etapas também é estatisticamente significativa, considerando valor p < 0,07. CONCLUSÕES: A abdominoplastia no tratamento da lipodistrofia abdominal tem impacto na melhora da qualidade de vida destes pacientes, principalmente nos aspectos físico e psicológico, concordando com literatura pré-existente.

INTRODUCTION: The valuation of appearance, combined with patterns and parameters imposed by the beauty and fashion industries, and disseminated by the media, generates questions about the real value of beauty. Distortions in these parameters lead patients, dissatisfied with their bodies, to medical clinics. Concomitantly, there are dysfunctional physical complaints and their consequences. Plastic Surgery, in this context, aims at improving the quality of life and acceptance of one's body. Abdominoplasty, or abdominal dermolipectomy, is a highly used surgical procedure. However, few evaluations regarding the personal image and the quality of life in the postoperative period exist. The objective is to evaluate the improvement of the quality of life and the body image in patients who underwent an abdominal dermolipectomy as an elective procedure, and to understand the physical-psychological implications related to body disorders. METHODS: The WHOQOL-BREF instrument was administered to 15 patients with abdominal lipodystrophy who underwent an abdominal dermolipectomy at the Clinic of Plastic Surgery at the University Hospital of the Federal University of Juiz de Fora and Plastic Center Clinic. The instrument was administered thrice: once during the pre-operative period and then at two and six months postoperatively. RESULTS: On comparing the pre and postoperative stages, we found a statistically significant improvement in the quality of life of patients with respect to the psychological domain (p < 0.05). In the physical domain, the relationship between the three stages was also statistically significant, considering a p value < 0.07. CONCLUSIONS: The use of abdominoplasty in the treatment of abdominal lipodystrophy has an impact on the improvement of the quality of life of these patients, mainly in the physical and psychological domains; this is in agreement with previous studies.

Late nephrologist referral and mortality assotiation in dialytic patients.

INTRODUCTION: Chronic kidney disease is defined by the progressive loss of renal function. Interventions in early stages significantly improve the prognosis of patients with chronic kidney disease, reducing the mortality, and many studies show that early nephrologist referral reduces the mortality rate. OBJECTIVE: To analyze the characteristics of the patients in dialysis and the time between the first consultation in the dialysis clinic and the beginning of the dialytic program. METHODS: It was made a cohort retrospective study with two analysis axis: the social and epidemiological characteristics of the patients in hemodialysis and the time between the first consultation in the clinic and the beginning of the dialytic program. Analytical and descriptive methods where used to compare these data with the early referral and the mortality 12 months after the dialysis onset. RESULTS: One hundred and one patients were analyzed. The mortality rate of the early and lately referred patients was 47.8% and 20.5%, respectively (HR = 2.38; IC = 1.06-5.36; p = 0.035). Concerning the patients which initiated the dialysis with catheter and arteriovenous fistula, the mortality was respectively 51.4% and 10.3% (HR = 4.61; IC = 1,54-13,75; p = 0.006). CONCLUSION: The referral timing was predominantly late. The late referral was associated with a greater mortality. Other variables associated with a greater mortality were age of 70 or more, presence of diabetes and the use of catheter by the dialysis onset.

Encaminhamento tardio ao nefrologista e a associação com mortalidade em pacientes em hemodiálise / Late nephrologist referral and mortality assotiation in dialytic patients

Introdução: A doença renal crônica (DRC) caracteriza-se pela perda progressiva da função renal. Intervenções em estágios iniciais melhoram significativamente o prognóstico dos pacientes com DRC e vários estudos mostram que o encaminhamento precoce (EP) ao nefrologista reduz a taxa de mortalidade. Objetivo: Analisar o perfil dos pacientes em diálise e o tempo transcorrido entre a primeira consulta na unidade de diálise e o início do programa dialítico. Métodos: Foi realizado um estudo de coorte retrospectivo com dois eixos de análise: perfil socioepidemiológico e clínico dos pacientes em hemodiálise e o tempo transcorrido entre a primeira consulta na unidade de diálise e o início do programa dialítico. Utilizaram-se métodos analíticos para comparar estes dados com o EP e com a mortalidade em 12 meses após o início da diálise. Resultados: Foram analisados 111 pacientes. A taxa de mortalidade dos pacientes encaminhados tardiamente e precocemente foi, respectivamente, de 47,8% e 20,5% (razão de risco [HR] = 2,38; intervalo de confiança [IC] = 1,06-5,36; p = 0,035). Os pacientes que iniciaram a diálise por cateter e fístula arteriovenosa (FAV) tiveram mortalidade, respectivamente, de 51,4% e 10,3% (HR = 4,61; IC = 1,54-13,75; p = 0,006). Conclusão: O tempo de encaminhamento foi predominantemente tardio. Foi demonstrado que o encaminhamento tardio (ET) esteve relacionado a maior mortalidade. Outros fatores associados a maior mortalidade foram a idade maior ou igual a 70 anos, presença de DM e uso de cateter ao início da diálise. .

Introduction: Chronic kidney disease is defined by the progressive loss of renal function. Interventions in early stages significantly improve the prognosis of patients with chronic kidney disease, reducing the mortality, and many studies show that early nephrologist referral reduces the mortality rate. Objective: To analyze the characteristics of the patients in dialysis and the time between the first consultation in the dialysis clinic and the beginning of the dialytic program. Methods: It was made a cohort retrospective study with two analysis axis: the social and epidemiological characteristics of the patients in hemodialysis and the time between the first consultation in the clinic and the beginning of the dialytic program. Analytical and descriptive methods where used to compare these data with the early referral and the mortality 12 months after the dialysis onset. Results: One hundred and one patients were analized. The mortality rate of the early and lately referred patients was 47.8% and 20.5%, respectively (HR = 2.38; IC = 1.06-5.36; p = 0.035). Concerning the patients which initiated the dialysis with catheter and arteriovenous fistula, the mortality was respectively 51.4% and 10.3% (HR = 4.61; IC = 1,54-13,75; p = 0.006). Conclusion: The referral timing was predominantly late. The late referral was associated with a greater mortality. Other variables associated with a greater mortality were age of 70 or more, presence of diabetes and the use of catheter by the dialysis onset. .

Bioplastia na lipodistrofia de pacientes com HIV/AIDS / Bioplasty for lipodystrophy in patients with HIV/AIDS

INTRODUÇÃO: O início do tratamento da síndrome da imunodeficiência adquirida (AIDS) com a terapia antirretroviral de alta atividade (HAART), na década de 1990, aumentou, consideravelmente, a longevidade e a qualidade de vida dos portadores da doença. A redução da morbidade e da mortalidade associadas a doenças infecciosas e neoplásicas oportunistas, porém, tem sido acompanhada pelo aumento da prevalência de outras doenças, entre elas a lipodistrofia associada ao vírus da imunodeficiência humana (HIV). A lipodistrofia decorre da toxicidade de drogas utilizadas na terapia antirretroviral, sendo atribuída aos inibidores de protease e aos inibidores da transcriptase reversa análogos do nucleosídeo. Este trabalho aborda a lipoatrofia facial, que confere um aspecto de envelhecimento precoce e traz de volta o velho estigma da "facies da AIDS", podendo impactar negativamente na qualidade de vida dos portadores de HIV. MÉTODO: Neste estudo foram incluídos 41 pacientes apresentando lipoatrofia facial, que foram submetidos a preenchimento com polimetilmetacrilato (PMMA) no Hospital Universitário da Universidade Federal de Juiz de Fora (HU-UFJF) e na clínica Plastic Center, Clínica de Cirurgia Plástica em Juiz de Fora, no período entre janeiro de 2010 e fevereiro de 2012. RESULTADOS: O número de procedimentos realizados em cada paciente variou de 1 a 4, sendo respeitado um intervalo mínimo de 90 dias entre eles. A quantidade de PMMA utilizado variou de acordo com o grau e a região a serem corrigidos, ficando entre 3 ml e 18 ml por procedimento. Em todos os pacientes, o resultado obtido foi favorável esteticamente. CONCLUSÕES: Os resultados obtidos pela bioplastia com PMMA foram considerados satisfatórios pelos pacientes. O material utilizado possui alta adaptabilidade às áreas receptoras, necessitando apenas da modelagem e da quantidade adequada para que apresente bom padrão estético.

BACKGROUND: When the treatment of acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) with highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) began in the 1990s, it considerably increased the life expectancy and quality of life of AIDS patients. However, the decrease in morbidity and mortality associated with opportunistic infectious and neoplastic diseases was accompanied by an increase in the prevalence of other diseases, including HIV-associated lipodystrophy. Lipodystrophy is due to the toxicity of drugs used in antiretroviral therapy, including protease inhibitors and nucleoside analog reverse transcriptase inhibitors. This article discusses the treatment of facial lipodystrophy, which confers an appearance of premature aging and brings back the old stigma of the "AIDS face," which negatively impacts the quality of life of HIV carriers. METHODS: Forty-one patients with facial lipoatrophy received filling with polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA) at the Hospital Universitário da Universidade Federal de Juiz de Fora (HU-UFJF) and at the Plastic Center Clinic, Plastic Surgery Clinic in Juiz de Fora between January 2010 and February 2012. RESULTS: Patients received 1 to 4 procedures with a minimum interval of 90 days between procedures. The amount of PMMA used ranged from 3 to 18 mL per procedure according to the degree and region to be corrected. The results were aesthetically favorable in all patients. CONCLUSIONS: The results obtained through bioplasty with PMMA are considered satisfactory by patients. The material used is highly adaptable to the receiving areas, requiring only modeling and an adequate amount in order to obtain good aesthetic results.

Comparative study of elderly inpatients clinically diagnosed with community-acquired pneumonia, with or without radiological confirmation.

OBJECTIVES: To compare clinical and radiological aspects, as well as aspects regarding the course of the disease, of elderly inpatients clinically diagnosed with community-acquired pneumonia, with or without radiological confirmation. METHODS: A total of 141 patients over the age of 60 were retrospectively studied. RESULTS: Radiological findings corroborated the clinical diagnosis in 45 patients, whereas, in 96 patients, radiology did not correlate with the clinical suspicion. The signs, symptoms, treatment, and outcomes of these two groups were compared. The findings of the study suggest that there were no significant differences between the groups according to the criteria analyzed. CONCLUSION: The prevalence of chest X-rays compatible with pneumonia in patients suspected of the disease was slightly higher than 30%. Having low specificity in the elderly, the clinical diagnosis of community-acquired pneumonia should be used with caution. In view of the small number of patients studied, further studies on this topic are needed in order to confirm the findings.

Estudo comparativo entre pacientes idosos internados com diagnóstico clínico de pneumonia comunitária, com ou sem confirmação radiológica / Comparative study of elderly inpatients clinically diagnosed with community-acquired pneumonia, with or without radiological confirmation

OBJETIVOS: Comparar aspectos clínicos, radiológicos e evolutivos de idosos internados com diagnóstico clínico de pneumonia comunitária, com ou sem confirmação radiológica. MÉTODOS: Foram estudados, retrospectivamente, 141 pacientes com idade acima de 60 anos. RESULTADOS: Em 45 pacientes, os achados radiológicos corroboraram o diagnóstico clínico e, em 96 pacientes, a radiologia não foi compatível com a suspeita clínica. Os sinais, os sintomas, a terapêutica e os desfechos destes dois grupos foram comparados. Os achados do estudo sugerem que não houve diferença significativa entre os grupos segundo os critérios analisados. A prevalência de radiografias de tórax compatíveis com pneumonia entre pacientes com suspeita clínica da doença foi de pouco mais de 30 por cento. CONCLUSÃO: O diagnóstico clínico de pneumonia comunitária tem baixa especificidade em idosos e deve ser usado com cautela. Devido ao pequeno número de pacientes estudados, mais estudos sobre o tema são necessários para confirmar os achados.

OBJECTIVES: To compare clinical and radiological aspects, as well as aspects regarding the course of the disease, of elderly inpatients clinically diagnosed with community-acquired pneumonia, with or without radiological confirmation. METHODS: A total of 141 patients over the age of 60 were retrospectively studied. RESULTS: Radiological findings corroborated the clinical diagnosis in 45 patients, whereas, in 96 patients, radiology did not correlate with the clinical suspicion. The signs, symptoms, treatment, and outcomes of these two groups were compared. The findings of the study suggest that there were no significant differences between the groups according to the criteria analyzed. CONCLUSION: The prevalence of chest X-rays compatible with pneumonia in patients suspected of the disease was slightly higher than 30 percent. Having low specificity in the elderly, the clinical diagnosis of community-acquired pneumonia should be used with caution. In view of the small number of patients studied, further studies on this topic are needed in order to confirm the findings.

Estabilización de luxaciones agudas tipo III de la articulación acromio-clavicular mediante el implante placa gancho / Clavicular hook plate for acute of acromioclavicular dislocations

El propósito del estudio fue evaluar el resultado del tratamiento quirúrgico de la luxación acromioclavicular tipo III de Tossy, utilizando el implante placa gancho de Synthes, placa DCP 3,5 mm, la cual se fija mediante tornillos y su extremo lateral se ubica extra articular por debajo de la superficie del acromion mediante un gancho, manteniendo reducida la articulación. Es un estudio serie de casos, 31 pacientes con luxaciones acromioclaviculares tipo III fueron evaluados de manera prospectiva, desde noviembre 2002 hasta diciembre 2003, en hospitales de Popayán y Pereira. Se efectuaron controles clínicos y radiográficos la segunda, cuarta, sexta y octava semana y luego mensualmente hasta el sexto mes y al año. Las variables evaluadas fueron: condición funcional, síntomas, rehabilitación, reintegro laboral y satisfacción del paciente. Todos los pacientes mostraron satisfacción con el resultado, salvo un caso todos habían obtenido recuperación funcional total a las 8 semanas. Este implante presenta como ventajas el hecho de no invadir la articulación, permite fijación estable y rehabilitación precoz sin necesidad de inmovilización alguna.

Hemofiltracao arteriovenosa continua / Continuous arteriovenous hemofiltration

Os autores descrevem a hemofiltracao como metodo alternativo para o tratamento da insuficiencia renal, enfatizando especialmente sua metodologia e aplicacoes clinicas, bem como suas vantagens em relacao aos sistemas dialiticos comumente empregados em nosso meio. Destacam-se as diferencas essenciais entre os principios que regem a hemofiltracao e a dialise, atentando-se especialmente para aquelas peculiaridades responsaveis pela maior estabilidade hemodinamica dos pacientes. Foram tambem esmiucadas suas caracteristicas de eficiencia e simplicidade de operacao, que dispensam o uso de equipamento sofisticado, o que vem determinando o grande incremento de seu uso nos hospitais do Primeiro Mundo. Finalmente, mencionam-se os fatores economicos limitantes de seu emprego em nosso meio, o que explica a pequena difusao do metodo entre nos, apesar dos seus meritos indiscutiveis no tratamento da insuficiencia renal aguda em pacientes criticamente enfermos.

Doença renal ateroembólica: relato de caso / Atheroembolic renal disease: case report

A doença reanal ateroembólica, em pacientes idosos, ocorre expontaneamente ou como complicaçäo da manipulaçäo cirúrgica ou de procedimentos angiográficos de grandes vasos. Os autores relatam um caso de doença ateroembólica renal-arteriografia em uma paciente idosa com vasos ateroscleróticos. Os principais diagnósticos diferenciais incluem nefrotoxicidade induzida por contrastes radiológicos, nefrite intersticial alérgica e insuficiência renal induzida por inibidores da enzima conversora da angiotensiva II ou por drogas antiinflamatórias näo esteróides. Finalmente recomenda-se que procedimentos vasculares e angiográficos sejam criteriosamente indicados, especialmente nas populaçöes de risco, uma vez que a insuficiência renal decorre das microembolias por cristais de colesterol pode ser irreversível