ABSTRACT
The aim of this study was to analyze the chemical composition of the essential oil from leaves of Lippia gracilis genotypes, in the dry and rainy seasons, and with and without irrigation. The extraction of essential oil was realized by hydrodistillation in a Clevenger apparatus. The chemical composition analysis was performed using a GC-MS/FID. The leaves of the L. gracilis genotypes provide essential oil with content between 1.25% and 1.92% in the rainy season and 1.42% and 2.70% in the dry season; when irrigation was used the content was between 1.42% and 2.87%, without irrigation contents were between 1.60% and 3.00%. The chemical composition of L. gracilis showed high levels of terpenes. The major constituent of genotypes LGRA-106 was thymol and carvacrol was the major constituent for the other genotypes. Concentrations showed little variation between seasons, demonstrating the stability of the chemical composition of L. gracilis even with different climatic conditions.
Subject(s)
Lippia/chemistry , Monoterpenes/chemistry , Oils, Volatile/chemistry , Plant Leaves/chemistry , Plant Oils/chemistry , Thymol/chemistry , Brazil , Cymenes , Droughts , Monoterpenes/isolation & purification , Oils, Volatile/isolation & purification , Plant Oils/isolation & purification , Rain , Seasons , Thymol/isolation & purification , WaterABSTRACT
The present study aimed to evaluate the activity of Lippia gracilis Schauer essential oil obtained from different L. gracilis genotypes and their major components, carvacrol and thymol against Rhipicephalus (Boophilus) microplus (cattle tick) larvae and engorged females. The larval test was performed parallel to the adult immersion test for engorged females for four L. gracilis genotypes. Similar tests were further performed for their major compounds carvacrol and thymol. Carvacrol (LC50 of 0.22 and 4.46 mg/mL, to larvae and engorged females, respectively) was more efficient than thymol (LC50 of 3.86 and 5.50 mg/mL, to larvae and engorged females, respectively). The lethal concentrations obtained for the isolated essential oil from genotypes LGRA-201 against larvae (1.31 mg/mL) and LGRA-106 against engorged females (4.66 mg/mL) confirmed the acaricidal activity of L. gracilis essential oil and its effectiveness in controlling the southern cattle tick.
Subject(s)
Acaricides/pharmacology , Lippia/chemistry , Oils, Volatile/pharmacology , Plant Oils/pharmacology , Rhipicephalus/drug effects , Tick Infestations/veterinary , Acaricides/chemistry , Acaricides/isolation & purification , Animals , Cattle , Cymenes , Female , Larva/drug effects , Lethal Dose 50 , Lippia/classification , Lippia/genetics , Monoterpenes/chemistry , Monoterpenes/isolation & purification , Monoterpenes/pharmacology , Oils, Volatile/chemistry , Oils, Volatile/isolation & purification , Plant Leaves/chemistry , Plant Oils/chemistry , Plant Oils/isolation & purification , Plants, Medicinal , Thymol/chemistry , Thymol/isolation & purification , Thymol/pharmacology , Tick Infestations/drug therapyABSTRACT
O coqueiro é descrito como a "árvore da vida", já que dele podem ser obtidos vários produtos, especialmente de seus frutos. Neste trabalho foram determinados o teor de gordura e a composição em ácidos graxos da polpa de seis cultivares de coco-anão, com idades de 6 a 12 meses, cultivados no Campo Experimental do Betume, da EMBRAPA, no município de Neópolis/SE. O teor de gordura foi avaliado pelo método de Soxhlet e, a composição em ácidos graxos, por meio de cromatografia em fase gasosa. Todas as amostras apresentaram baixos teores de gordura, aumentando com a idade até os 11 meses (25,4g/100g). A polpa dos cocos anões vermelhos de Camarões e da Malásia revelou um elevado conteúdo de ácido láurico (38,1 a 49,6g/100g de gordura), favorecendo o seu uso nas indústrias de sabões e de detergentes
