Evaluating Remote Behavioral Skills Training of Online Gaming Safety Skills.

This study assessed the use of behavioral skills training for teaching online safety skills to two children, 7 and 9 years old. In situ assessments took place while playing the popular online game, Among Us, and consisted of confederates presenting lures to the child participants. Before training, the participants scored 1s and 0s, indicating a lack of online gaming safety skills. Both participants scored at mastery criterion (i.e., three scores of 3 in a row) following training. During the first 2-week follow-up, one participant scored a 1 because he did not leave the game following the presentation of a lure; his mother immediately implemented in situ training (IST). He scored at mastery criterion during the next follow-up assessment, indicating the effectiveness of the caregiver-implemented IST. The second participant scored a 3 during his 2-week follow-up.

Propiedades psicométricas del cuestionario de actitudes hacia la práctica de actividad físico-deportiva orientada a la salud en adolescentes peruanos / Propriedades psicométricas do Questionário de Atitudes em relação à Prática da Actividade Físico-Sportiva Orientada para a Saúde em adolescentes peruanos / Psychometric properties of the Questionnaire of Attitudes towards the Practice of Health-Oriented Physical-Sports Activity in Peruvian adolescents

Las actitudes predicen el compromiso hacia la práctica de actividad físico-deportiva. Cuanto más se conozcan, mejor será la predicción de los posibles hábitos que las personas adoptarán. Por tanto, es necesario contar con un instrumento que evidencie validez y fiabilidad, especialmente para adolescentes, ya que la adolescencia constituye una etapa fundamental en la adopción de estilos de vida saludables. El objetivo de esteestudio fue analizar las propiedades psicométricas del Cuestionario de Actitudes hacia la Práctica de Actividad Físico-Deportiva Orientada a la Salud (CAAFS) en adolescentes peruanos. Se trata de un estudio descriptivo transversal en el que participaron 1314 adolescentes de edades entre 13 y 19 años (15.59±1.05 años), conformados por 716 hombres y 598 mujeres provenientes de Lima y Callao, Perú. Mediante el software R versión 4.1.0., se efectuó la validez de constructo (Análisis Factorial Exploratorio [AFE] y el Análisis Factorial Confirmatorio [AFC]) y el cálculo de fiabilidad. Los resultados del AFE arrojaron un modelo con tres factores del CAAFS, que explica el 35 % de la varianza total. El AFC reportó un buen ajuste del modelo de tres factores del CAAFSde 19 ítems (Chi-cuadrado sobre los grados de libertad = 2.38; error de aproximacióncuadrático medio = .046; residuo cuadrático medio estandarizado = .060; índice de ajuste comparativo = .940; índice de Tuker-Lewis = .931). El coeficiente de fiabilidad Omega reportó un valor de .77. Finalmente se demostró que el CAAFS de 19 ítems evidencia validez y fiabilidad; por lo tanto, el cuestionario puede ser aplicado en adolescentes del contexto peruano. (AU)

Attitudes predict commitment to the practice of physical-sporting activity. The more they are known, the better the prediction of the possible habits that people will adopt. Therefore, it is necessary to havean instrument that shows validity and reliability, especially for adolescents, since adolescence is a fundamental stage in the adoption of healthy lifestyles. The aim of this study was to analyze the psychometric properties of the Questionnaire of Attitudes towards the Practice of Health-Oriented Physical-Sports Activity (CAAFS) in Peruvian adolescents. This was a descriptive cross-sectional study in which 1314 adolescents aged 13 to 19 years (15.59±1.05 years), made up of 716 males and 598 females from Lima and Callao, Peru, participated. Using R software version 4.1.0, construct validity (Exploratory Factor Analysis [EFA] and Confirmatory Factor Analysis [CFA]) and reliability calculation were performed. The results of the EFA yielded a three-factor modelof the CAAFS, which explains 35% of the total variance. The AFC reported a good fit of the 19-item CAAFS three-factor model (Chi-square over degrees of freedom = 2.38; root mean square error of approximation = .046; standardized root mean square residual = .060; comparative fit index = .940; Tuker-Lewis index = .931). The Omega reliability coefficient reported a value of .77. Finally, it was demonstrated that the 19-item CAAFS shows validity and reliability; therefore, the questionnaire can be applied to adolescents in the Peruvian context. (AU)

As atitudes prevêem o compromisso com a actividade física e o desporto. Quanto mais forem conhecidos, melhor será a previsão dos possíveis hábitos que as pessoas irão adoptar. Por conseguinte, é necessário ter um instrumento que demonstre validade e fiabilidade, especialmente para os adolescentes, uma vez que a adolescência é uma fase chave na adopção de estilos de vida saudáveis. O objectivo deste estudo era analisar as propriedades psicométricas do Questionário de Atitudes para a Prática da Actividade Físico-Sportiva Orientada para a Saúde (CAAFS) em adolescentes peruanos. Este foi um estudo transversal descritivo envolvendo 1314 adolescentes com idades compreendidas entre 13-19 anos (15,59±1,05 anos), compreendendo 716 homens e 598 mulheres de Lima e Callao, Peru. Utilizando o software R versão 4.1.0, foram efectuados cálculos de validade de construção (Análise Exploratória de Factores [EFA] e Análise Confirmativa de Factores [CFA]) e de fiabilidade. Os resultados da AAE produziram um modelo de três factores do CAAFS, o que explica 35% da variação total. O CFA relatou um bom ajuste do modelo de três factores CAAFS de 19 itens (Qui-quadrado sobre graus de liberdade = 2,38; erro quadrático médio de aproximação = 0,046; raiz média quadrada residual padronizada = 0,060; índice de ajuste comparativo = 0,940; índice Tuker-Lewis = 0,931). O coeficiente de fiabilidade ómega comunicou um valor de 0,77. Finalmente, foi demonstrado que o CAAFS de 19 itens mostra validade e fiabilidade; por conseguinte, o questionário pode ser aplicado aos adolescentes no contexto peruano. (AU)

Técnicas no-farmacológicas en el manejo del comportamiento ante el tratamiento odontológico del niño

Introducción: Muchas veces la experiencia del niño encuentra la manera de responder ante un problema de una forma más verosímil, siendo más real que se concentre la atención en la clínica del niño. Objetivo: Determinar la efectividad de esas técnicas en el control de la ansiedad en niños ante el tratamiento estomatológico. Métodos: La investigación fue de carácter experimental y cuantitativo, se tomó una población muestral de 16 niños de 6-11 años de edad. Los cuales fueron hechos para la intervención con técnicas no farmacológicas. Resultados: Después de realizado en análisis, se utilizó la prueba t de Student, que constituyó el 56,25 % de los niños del grupo experimental y el 50 % del grupo control se encontraron en el rango de edad de 8-9 años, 31,25 % y 37,5 % entre 6-7 años y el 12,50 % en ambos grupos de 10-11 años respectivamente; a diferencia del grupo control que el 75 % de los niños, presentaban alta ansiedad, y el 68,75 % estaban en una ansiedad moderada. Conclusiones: Las técnicas no farmacológicas son efectivas en el manejo de los comportamientos en la consulta odontológica, a diferencia en niños del grupo control sin esta intervención disminuyen a nivel moderado.

Introduction: Many times the experience of the child finds a way to respond to a problem in a more credible way, being more real than the attention of the child's clinic is combined. Objective: To determine the effectiveness of these techniques in the control of anxiety in children before dental treatment. Methods: It was an experimental and quantitative subject; a sample population of 16 children from 6 to 11 years of age was taken. Which were made for intervention with non-pharmacological techniques. Results: After the analysis, the t-Student test was used, which is 56.25 % of the children of the experimental group and 50 % of the control group are in the age range of 8 to 9 years, 31.25% and 37.5% between 6 to 7 years and 12.50 % in both groups from 10 to 11 years respectively; unlike the control group, 75 % of the children before the care presented high anxiety, after which 68.75 % presented moderate anxiety. Conclusions: Non-pharmacological techniques are effective in managing behaviors in the dental office, unlike children in the control group without this intervention, they decrease to a moderate level.

Habitat-islands in the coastal Atacama Desert: loss of functional redundancy, but not of functional diversity, with decreased precipitation.

BACKGROUND AND AIMS: Aridity is increasing in many regions of the world, but microclimatic conditions may buffer plant communities from the direct effects of decreased precipitation, creating habitat islands. However, reduced precipitation can also impact these communities indirectly by decreasing the suitability of the surrounding habitat, thus limiting incoming propagules and increasing the chances of population decline and species loss. We test whether decreased precipitation results in loss of species and functional diversity within habitat islands, evaluating in particular whether declines in species diversity and abundance are less likely to result in loss of functional diversity if species/individual loss is stochastic (i.e. independent of species/individual traits) and communities/populations are functionally redundant. METHODS: Lomas communities are discrete plant communities embedded in the Atacama Desert, maintained by the microclimatic conditions created by fog. We recorded species and functional diversity in six Lomas communities along a 500 km long precipitation gradient in northern Chile. Functional traits were measured in 20 individuals per species, in those species that accounted for approx. 75 % of the abundance at each site. We calculated functional diversity and functional redundancy of the community, and intraspecific functional variation. KEY RESULTS: Decreased precipitation was associated with lower species diversity and lower species abundances. However, no traits or functional strategies increased or decreased consistently with precipitation, suggesting stochastic species/individual loss. Species with stress-tolerant strategies were predominant in all sites. Although species diversity decreased with decreasing precipitation, functional diversity remained unchanged. Lower functional redundancy in the drier sites suggests that mainly functionally redundant species were lost. Likewise, intraspecific functional variation was similar among communities, despite the lower species abundance in drier sites. CONCLUSIONS: Decreased precipitation can impact habitat island communities indirectly by decreasing the suitability of the surrounding habitat. Our results support the idea that a stochastic loss of species/individuals from functionally redundant communities and populations does not result in loss of functional diversity.

PCORnet® 2020: current state, accomplishments, and future directions.

OBJECTIVE: To describe PCORnet, a clinical research network developed for patient-centered outcomes research on a national scale. STUDY DESIGN AND SETTING: Descriptive study of the current state and future directions for PCORnet. We conducted cross-sectional analyses of the health systems and patient populations of the 9 Clinical Research Networks and 2 Health Plan Research Networks that are part of PCORnet. RESULTS: Within the Clinical Research Networks, electronic health data are currently collected from 337 hospitals, 169,695 physicians, 3,564 primary care practices, 338 emergency departments, and 1,024 community clinics. Patients can be recruited for prospective studies from any of these clinical sites. The Clinical Research Networks have accumulated data from 80 million patients with at least one visit from 2009 to 2018. The PCORnet Health Plan Research Network population of individuals with a valid enrollment segment from 2009 to 2019 exceeds 60 million individuals, who on average have 2.63 years of follow-up. CONCLUSION: PCORnet's infrastructure comprises clinical data from a diverse cohort of patients and has the capacity to rapidly access these patient populations for pragmatic clinical trials, epidemiological research, and patient-centered research on rare diseases.

Overlap myositis, a distinct entity beyond primary inflammatory myositis: A retrospective analysis of a large cohort from the REMICAM registry.

BACKGROUND: Inflammatory idiopathic myositis (IIM) comprises a heterogeneous group of systemic muscular diseases that can occur together with other connective tissue diseases (CTD), named overlap myositis (OM). The question of whether OM is a distinct entity still remains controversial. AIM: The present study was conducted to assess the clinical and prognostic differences between patients diagnosed with OM, primary polymyositis (PM) and primary dermatomyositis (DM). METHOD: The study consists of a retrospective longitudinal and multicenter series of IIM patients. Patients were classified as OM, PM and DM. Overlap myositis was defined as patients fulfilling criteria for IIM plus criteria for other CTD (namely systemic sclerosis, systemic lupus erythematosus, mixed connective tissue disease, rheumatoid arthritis and primary Sjögren's syndrome). RESULT: A total of 342 patients were included (98 OM, 137 PM and 107 DM). Overlap myositis patients, in comparison with PM and DM, showed significant differences, with more extramuscular involvement, particularly more arthritis (66%, 34.6% and 48.1%, respectively), puffy fingers (49.5%, 11.1% and 24.3%), sclerodactyly (45.4%, 2.2% and 2%), dysphagia (41.8%, 18.2% and 26.4%), Raynaud phenomenon (65.3%, 16.9% and 19.8%), leucopenia (28.9%, 2.2% and 8.4%), thrombocytopenia (8.2%, 2.2% and 1.9%), interstitial lung disease (ILD) (48%, 35% and 30.8%), renal manifestations (13.4%, 3.7% and 1.9%), and more severe infections (41.3%, 26.7% and 21%). No significant differences were found in survival between groups in log rank test (P = 0.106). Multivariate adjusted survival analyses revealed a worse prognosis for severe infections, ILD and baseline elevation of acute phase reactants. CONCLUSION: Overlap myositis stands out as a distinct entity as compared to PM and DM, featuring more extramuscular involvement and more severe infections. Close monitoring is recommended in this subset for early detection and treatment of possible complications.

Exploring Meaningful Patient Engagement in ADAPTABLE (Aspirin Dosing: A Patient-centric Trial Assessing Benefits and Long-term Effectiveness).

BACKGROUND: Genuine patient engagement can improve research relevance, impact and is required for studies using the National Patient-Centered Clinical Research Network including major multicenter research projects. It is unclear, however, how best to integrate patients into governance of such projects. METHODS: ADAPTABLE (Aspirin Dosing: A Patient-centric Trial Assessing Benefits and Long-term Effectiveness) is the first major multicenter research project to be conducted in National Patient-Centered Clinical Research Network. Here, we provide a description of how we implemented patient engagement in ADAPTABLE thus far, including a description of committee structures and composition, first-hand patient testimonials, specific contributions, and lessons learned during the planning and early implementation of ADAPTABLE. RESULTS: We recruited 1 patient leader from 6 of the 7 enrolling networks to serve on a Patient Review Board for ADAPTABLE, supported the Board with an experienced patient engagement team including an "investigator-advocate" not otherwise involved in the trial, and facilitated bidirectional communication between the Board and ADAPTABLE Coordinating Center. The Board has reviewed and provided substantial input on the informed consent procedure, recruitment materials, patient portal design, and study policy including compensation of participants. Although it was "too late" for some suggested modifications, most modifications suggested by the patient leaders have been implemented, and they are enthusiastic about the study and their role. The patient leaders also attend Steering and Executive Committee calls; these experiences have been somewhat less productive. CONCLUSIONS: With adequate support, a cadre of committed patient leaders can provide substantial value to design and implementation of a major multicenter clinical trial.

Hemorragia digestiva alta (estómago de sandía) en paciente con esclerodermia limitada (síndrome de CREST) / Upper gastrointestinal bleeding (watermelon stomach) in a patient with limited scleroderma (CREST syndrome)

No disponible

Mortality and prognostic factors in idiopathic inflammatory myositis: a retrospective analysis of a large multicenter cohort of Spain.

The present study was undertaken to assess mortality, causes of death, and associated prognostic factors in a large cohort of patients diagnosed with idiopathic inflammatory myositis (IIM) from Spain. A retrospective longitudinal study was carried out in 467 consecutive patients with IIM, identified from 12 medical centers. Patients were classified as primary polymyositis, primary dermatomyositis (DM), overlap myositis, cancer-associated myositis (CAM), and juvenile idiopathic inflammatory myopathies. A total of 113 deaths occurred (24%) after a median follow-up time of 9.7 years. In the overall cohort, the 2-, 5-, and 10-year survival probabilities were 91.9, 86.7, and 77%, respectively. Main causes of death were infections and cancer (24% each). Multivariate model revealed that CAM (HR = 24.06), OM (HR = 12.00), DM (HR = 7.26), higher age at diagnosis (HR = 1.02), severe infections (HR = 3.66), interstitial lung disease (HR = 1.61), and baseline elevation of acute phase reactants (HR = 3.03) were associated with a worse prognosis, while edema of the hands (HR = 0.39), female gender (HR = 0.39), and longer disease duration (HR = 0.73) were associated with a better prognosis. The standardized mortality ratio was 1.56 (95% CI 1.28-1.87) compared to the Spanish general population. Our findings indicate that IIM has a high long-term mortality, with an excess of mortality compared to the Spanish population. A more aggressive therapy may be required in IIM patients presenting with poor predictive factors.

Efficient Forest Fire Detection Index for Application in Unmanned Aerial Systems (UASs).

This article proposes a novel method for detecting forest fires, through the use of a new color index, called the Forest Fire Detection Index (FFDI), developed by the authors. The index is based on methods for vegetation classification and has been adapted to detect the tonalities of flames and smoke; the latter could be included adaptively into the Regions of Interest (RoIs) with the help of a variable factor. Multiple tests have been performed upon database imagery and present promising results: a detection precision of 96.82% has been achieved for image sizes of 960 × 540 pixels at a processing time of 0.0447 seconds. This achievement would lead to a performance of 22 f/s, for smaller images, while up to 54 f/s could be reached by maintaining a similar detection precision. Additional tests have been performed on fires in their early stages, achieving a precision rate of p = 96.62%. The method could be used in real-time in Unmanned Aerial Systems (UASs), with the aim of monitoring a wider area than through fixed surveillance systems. Thus, it would result in more cost-effective outcomes than conventional systems implemented in helicopters or satellites. UASs could also reach inaccessible locations without jeopardizing people's safety. On-going work includes implementation into a commercially available drone.

«Hipermovilidad benigna»-síndrome de Ehlers-Danlos hiperlaxo. Otras comorbilidades asociadas / “Benign hypermobility”-hyperlax Ehlers-Danlos syndrome. Other comorbidities

No disponible

[Description of an acidic peptidase, insensitive to classical inhibitors, in protein extracts of Trypanosoma cruzi, from a rural area of Venezuela, where Chagas disease is endemic]. / Una peptidasa ácida, insensible a inhibidores clásicos, en extractos proteicos de Trypanosoma cruzi, proveniente de una zona rural de Venezuela, endémica para la enfermedad de Chagas.

Through two peptidase assay methods, one in liquid-phase and another, in gel-phase (gel zymography), an acid peptidase was detected in protein crude extracts of epimastigotes of Trypanosoma cruzi, from a rural area of Venezuela where Chagas disease is endemic. The peptidase shows activity at a pH range between 2.0 and 2.9. Under the experimental conditions described, the acid peptidase was insensitive to usual concentrations of peptidase inhibitors of the types: serine, cysteine, aspartic and metallopeptidases. Nevertheless, like porcine pepsin at pH 2.9, the peptidase was inhibited in the presence of 5mM DTT.

Una peptidasa ácida, insensible a inhibidores clásicos, en extractos proteicos de Trypanosoma cruzi, proveniente de una zona rural de Venezuela, endémica para la enfermedad de Chagas / Description of an acidic peptidase, insensitive to classical inhibitors, in protein extracts of Trypanosoma cruzi, from a rural area of Venezuela, where Chagas disease is endemic

Mediante dos métodos de ensayo de peptidasas, uno en fase líquida y otro en fase gel (zimografía en geles), se detectó una peptidasa, en extractos proteicos crudos de epimastigotes de Trypanosoma cruzi, provenientes de un área rural de Venezuela endémica para el mal de Chagas. La peptidasa mostró actividad en el intervalo de pH comprendido entre 2,0 y 2,9. Bajo las condiciones experimentales descritas, la peptidasa resultó insensible a concentraciones usuales de inhibidores clásicos de peptidasas de tipo: serina, cisteína, metalo-peptidasas y aspártico. No obstante, a semejanza de la pepsina porcina a pH 2,9, la peptidasa es inhibida en presencia de 5mM DTT.

Through two peptidase assay methods, one in liquid-phase and another, in gel-phase (gel zymography), an acid peptidase was detected in protein crude extracts of epimastigotes of Trypanosoma cruzi, from a rural area of Venezuela where Chagas disease is endemic. The peptidase shows activity at a pH range between 2.0 and 2.9. Under the experimental conditions described, the acid peptidase was insensitive to usual concentrations of peptidase inhibitors of the types: serine, cysteine, aspartic and metallo-peptidases. Nevertheless, like porcine pepsin at pH 2.9, the peptidase was inhibited in the presence of 5mM DTT.

Partnership among a faith-based organization and community.

In a collaborative effort, a community-based participatory research approach was used to address the holistic health needs of a community while including a multilanguage view, a faith-based organization, The Legacy Center Community Development Corporation, and several health agencies partnered in organizing and conducting a health fair in West Central Queens. Health awareness and health promotion activities were provided through presentations, health screenings, and education materials (on diabetes, hypertension, nutrition, cholesterol, and heart disease). To meet the needs of community and/or faith-based organization members, translation services were available: nurses translated for non-English-speaking participants in Spanish, Mandarin, or Cantonese, and sign language interpreters used American Sign Language to translate for deaf participants.