Presencia de las especies reactivas de oxígeno en la diabetes autoinmune del adulto

Se ha comprobado en los últimos años que las especies reactivas de oxígeno (ERO) participan en la destrucción de las células beta pancreáticas, lo cual influye en la diabetes mellitus (DM). La diabetes autoinmune del adulto (LADA) se manifiesta con una mezcla de características de la DM tipo I y la DM tipo 11.Se realizó un estudio de las variables indicadoras del estrés oxidativo en una población de 56 sujetos distribuidos de la siguiente forma, 32 individuos con LADA y 24 sujetos aparentemente sanos, grupo control para lo cual se determinaron las enzimas superóxido dismutasa (SOD) y catalasa (CAT), así como los niveles de malonildialdehído (MDA) y fructosamina obteniéndose como resultado disminuída la actividad de la SOD y aumentada la actividad de la CAT y los niveles de MDA en pacientes con LADA con respecto al grupo control.Se encontró en los pacientes con LADA una correlación entre los niveles de fructosamina y MDA y entre la actividad de la SOD y MDA (p î 0,05 y p î 0,01 respectivamente) sugiriendo que en estos diabéticos autoinmunes la peroxidación lipídica guarda una estrecha relación con los productos de glicosilación avanzada y la generación de radicales aniones superoxido y peróxido de hidrógeno. Estos resultados demuestran que en la diabetes autoinmunes del adulto hay presencia de estrés oxidativo. (AU)

Quantification of P-selectin expression after renal ischemia and reperfusion.

Neutrophils are important in ischemia and reperfusion injury. Multiple factors may be responsible for the adhesion of granulocytes to endothelial cells. P-selectin is a carbohydrate-binding glycoprotein that is stored preformed in endothelial cells as Weibel-Palade bodies. This preformation implies a very early role of P-selectin in the leukocyte adhesion process. Previous studies of P-selectin have not quantified its expression. The purpose of this study is to quantitate the expression and time course of P-selectin in response to renal ischemia and reperfusion injury. P-selectin was measured in 34 C57BL-6 mice after 30 minutes of occlusive left renal ischemia followed by 20 minutes, 2, 5, 10, and 24 hours of reperfusion. This was also performed in control and sham laparotomy groups. P-selectin was quantified using a new double radiolabeled 125I/131I monoclonal antibody technique and reported as percent injected dose per gram of tissue. P-selectin expression peaked at 20 minutes, plateaued up to 5 hours, and fell at 10 hours. Additionally, genetically altered mice that do not express P-selectin showed no up regulation after 5 hours of reperfusion. Pathology results confirmed significant renal injury. Renal ischemia and reperfusion injury caused significant upregulation of P-selectin. Expression of P-selectin at the short reperfusion time of 20 minutes reinforces the premise that P-selectin is one of the earliest adhesion molecules expressed. This early peak is probably caused by the release of preformed P-selectin. The delineation of these mechanisms of injury may be important in understanding and preventing renal injury in transplantation, sepsis, and shock.

Use of lasers in vascular disease discussed at International Congress.

In general, most of the physicians at the International Congress III, whether they were vascular surgeons, cardiologists, or radiologists, agreed that lasers have their place in vascular medicine. They did acknowledge, however, that further refinements are required in the lasers themselves and in assessment techniques for vascular interventions of any type. Such technological advancements will demand continued changes in nurses' knowledge and skills.

Ambulatory surgery--the next decade.

Most of the experts agree: new technology, new laser applications, and new concepts of health care will keep the ambulatory surgery industry moving and growing. Statistics from the past seem to imply the same thing. Ten years from now we can reread this article and see if we were accurate.