Tumor necrosis factor alpha -238 G/A and -308 G/A polymorphisms and soluble TNF-α levels in chronic kidney disease: correlation with clinical variables.

Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is characterized by accumulation of proinflammatory cytokines, mainly tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α). Single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) of TNFA gene, including -238 G/A and -308 G/A, have been associated with alteration in the soluble TNF-α (sTNF-α) expression. The aim was to investigate the association of -238 y -308 TNFA gene SNPs with sTNF-α levels in CKD patients. We included 150 CKD patients and 192 control subjects (CS). Both SNPs were genotyped with polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism technique and sTNF-α levels were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. The genotypic distribution of -238 and -308 SNPs was not significantly different between CKD patients and CS (p > 0.001). However, the sTNF-α levels were higher in CKD, compared to CS (p < 0.001). Also, sTNF-α correlated with creatinine (r = 0.279, p = 0.004), urea (r = 0.325, p = 0.001), phosphorus (r = 0.479, p = 0.001), glomerular filtration rate (r = -0.236, p = 0.019) and monocyte count (r = 0.276, p = 0.010). In conclusion, elevated sTNF-α levels are associated with CKD. However, the -238 and -308 TNFA gene SNPs were not associated with susceptibility to CKD and sTNF-α levels in a Mexican population.

Reparación intraoral de una prótesis parcial fija metal-cerámica de seis unidades con resina compuesta: relato del caso / Repair of a six-unit fixed partial denture metal-ceramics with composite resin: case report

Múltiples son los factores que pueden desencadenar fracturas de porcelana en una prótesis parcial fija metal-cerámica, aunque esta situación no siempre determina un reemplazo. La reparación de porcelana mediante el uso de resina compuesta es una alternativa con ventajas de una fácil manipulación y bajo costo. El objetivo del presente artículo es presentar a la resina compuesta como una opción con resultados considerables en la reparación de prótesis metal-cerámicas fracturadas, con alto compromiso estético. Se presenta un caso clínico de reparación intraoral de una prótesis fija metal-cerámica de seis unidades en el sector anterior superior. El tratamiento realizado incluyó fresado de la superficie de porcelana, aislamiento absoluto, grabado ácido con fluoruro de fosfato acidulado, microarenado con óxido de aluminio, silanización, aplicación del adhesivo convencional y tres tipos de resinas compuestas, resina opaca, microhíbrida y resina de nanorelleno. A los 8 meses se evaluó la adaptación de la reparación mediante un explorador e inspección visual, secando con una jeringa triple donde no se observó signos de percolación alguna. Basado en los resultados se puede considerar a esta combinación de resinas compuestas como una alternativa útil en la reparación de porcelana fracturada.

There are multiple factors that can trigger a fracture of porcelain in a metal-ceramic fixed partial denture, although a replacement is not always required. The porcelain repair using composite resin is an alternative with advantages such as easy handling and low cost. The aim of this paper is to present the composite as an option with significant results in the repair of fractured metal-ceramic prostheses, with a high aesthetic commitment. We report a case of intraoral repair of a six-unit metal-ceramic fixed prosthesis in the anterior superior sector. The treatment provided included milling of the surface of porcelain, absolute isolation, acid etching with acidulated phosphate fluoride, aluminium oxide sandblasting, silanization, conventional adhesive application and three types of composite resins: opaque resin, micro-hybrid resin and nanofilled resin. After 8 months we assessed the adaptation of the repair using a surface explorer and visual inspection, drying with a triple syringe. No signs of seepage were observed. Based on the results, this combination of composite resins can be considered as a useful alternative in the repair of broken porcelain.

Imaging the first-order magnetic transition in La0.35Pr0.275Ca0.375MnO3.

The nature of the ferromagnetic, charge, orbital, and antiferromagnetic order in La0.35Pr0.275Ca0.375MnO3 on the nano- and microscale was investigated by photoemission electron microscopy (PEEM) and resonant elastic soft x-ray scattering (RSXS). The structure of the ferromagnetic domains around the Curie temperature T(C) indicates that they nucleate under a high degree of lattice strain, which is brought about by the charge, orbital, and antiferromagnetic order. The combined temperature-dependent PEEM and RSXS measurements suggest that the lattice distortions associated with charge and orbital order are glassy in nature and that phase separation is driven by the interplay between it and the more itinerant charge carriers associated with ferromagnetic metallic order, even well below T(C).

Ferromagnetic enhancement of CE-type spin ordering in (Pr,Ca)MnO3.

We present resonant soft x-ray scattering results from small bandwidth manganites (Pr,Ca)MnO(3), which show that the CE-type spin ordering (SO) at the phase boundary is stabilized only below the canted antiferromagnetic transition temperature and enhanced by ferromagnetism in the macroscopically insulating state (FM-I). Our results reveal the fragility of the CE-type ordering that underpins the colossal magnetoresistance effect in this system, as well as an unexpected cooperative interplay between FM-I and CE-type SO which is in contrast to the competitive interplay between the ferromagnetic metallic state and CE-type ordering.

Tratamiento endodóncico en un caso de quiste óseo traumático / No disponible

Se presenta un caso bien documentado que clínica y radiográficamente fue consistente con quiste óseo traumático (QOT) o quiste óseo simple (QOS) como se conoce actualmente. Paciente varón de 13 años de edad, que presentaba lesión radiolúcida, unilocular, en zona periapical mandibular del primer molar y segundo premolar izquierdos, de aproximadamente 3 x2 cm de tamaño y asintomática. Se realizó tratamiento conservador que consistió inicialmente en la extirpación pulpar del primer molar, seguida de la colocación de hidróxido de calcio en pasta dentro de los conductos radiculares. Se observó cicatrización ósea a los 5 meses de efectuados los recambios mensuales de hidróxido de calcio intracoducto. La lesión persistió en la zona apical del premolar no tratado, por lo que se realizó el mismo procedimiento endodóncico que en el primer molar. Posteriormente se obturaron los conductos de amas piezas. Se da seguimiento el caso clínica y radiográficamente durante años, constatándose reparación ósea completa, sin tendencia a la recurrencia (AU)

The paper presents a case consident radiographically and clinically with a traumatic bone cyst, usually known today as simple bne cyst. A 13 years old male presented a unilocular radiolucent lesion, associated to the periapical zone of the first mandibular molar and to the second bicuspid, of approximately 3 x 2cm, asymptomatic, on the left side of the moulin. Preservative treatment consisted initially of the extirpation of pulp tissue form the first mandibular molar, and was followed by the placement of calcium hydroxide poste into the root canals. Bone healing was observed 5 months after the insertion of calium hidroxyde into the root canals. As the lesion to the periapical zone of the untreated bicuspid persisted, it was given the same root canal treatment as the mandibular molar had received. Later, the root canals of both pieces were obturated. The case was followed up clinically and radiograpitically for 5 years, during which tune the repair to the bone was observed to be sound with no tendency for the lesion to recur (AU)

Necesidades de adiestramiento en gerontología y geriatría del personal que ofrece servicios en una institución de cuidado geriátrico / The need for training in gerontology and geriatrics among the staff providing services at a geriatric care institution

The purpose of this qualitative study was to explore and identify the basic training needs of nursing home staff, in terms of attitudes, knowledge and skills required to work effectively with geriatric patients. Three focus groups were performed, two groups of employees, and a group of elderly residents of the institution, in order to explore issues pertaining to the following topics: personal attributes required to work with geriatric patients, basic knowledge and skills needed to provide effective services. Group discussions were transcribed and themes were extracted through consensus reached by the investigators. Results indicated that the interviewed staff lack of formal preparation or continuing education in gerontology or geriatrics. Needs identified were the following: the aging process, caring behaviors, management of common health conditions, administration of medications, transference and mobility of residents, among others. Finding were use to design an educational program aimed in assisting nursing home staff in providing an effective service to their geriatric patients.