Morbimortalidad Asociada A La Cirugia De Meningioma Del Foramen Magno. Revision De La Literatura: Reporte De Caso / Morbimortality Associated With The Foramen Magno Meningioma Surgery: A Case Report

Resumen Los meningiomas son tumores del sistema nervioso central que representan alrededor del 14,3% a 19%, de ellos solo un 1.8% a 3,2% surge en el foramen magno, por años el abordaje de esta clase de tumores conllevaba una gran morbimortalidad asociada debido a que el foramen magno contiene una serie de estructuras anatómicas y neurovasculares críticas, sin embargo con el progreso de las técnicas quirúrgicas, el manejo de la anestesia neurológica y la formación de neurocirujanos con experiencia en cirugías de base de cráneo, ha podido revertir estos resultados y hacer de la cirugía una alternativa segura con bajas tasas de complicaciones. El presente trabajo pretende revisar la literatura acerca de la morbimortalidad asociada a los meningiomas de foramen magno y presentar un caso abordado en nuestro centro.

The meningiomas are tumors of the central nervous system that represent around 14.3% to 19%, of them only 1.8% to 3.2% arise in the foramen magnum, for years the approach of this class of tumors entailed a great associated morbidity and mortality because the foramen magnum contains a series of critical anatomical and neurovascular structures, however with the progress of surgical techniques, the management of neurological anesthesia and the training of neurosurgeons with experience in skull base surgeries, it has been able to reverse these results and make surgery a safe alternative with low complication rates. The present work aims to review the literature about morbidity and mortality associated with meningiomas of foramen magnum and present a case addressed in our center.

Improving palm oil quality through identification and mapping of the lipase gene causing oil deterioration.

The oil palm fruit mesocarp contains high lipase activity that increases free fatty acids and necessitates post-harvest inactivation by heat treatment of fruit bunches. Even before heat treatment the mesocarp lipase activity causes consequential oil losses and requires costly measures to limit free fatty acids quantities. Here we demonstrate that elite low-lipase lines yield oil with substantially less free fatty acids than standard genotypes, allowing more flexibility for post-harvest fruit processing and extended ripening for increased yields. We identify the lipase and its gene cosegregates with the low-/high-lipase trait, providing breeders a marker to rapidly identify potent elite genitors and introgress the trait into major cultivars. Overall, economic gains brought by wide adoption of this material could represent up to one billion dollars per year. Expected benefits concern all planters but are likely to be highest for African smallholders who would be more able to produce oil that meets international quality standards.

A new fluorescence reaction in DNA cytochemistry: microscopic and spectroscopic studies on the aromatic diamidino compound M&B 938.

We describe the fluorescence properties and cytochemical applications of the aromatic diamidine M&B 938. Treatment of cell smears (chicken blood, Ehrlich ascites tumor, rat bone marrow, mouse mast cells, and Trypanosoma cruzi epimastigotes) with aqueous solutions of M&B 938 (0.5-1 microgram/ml at pH 6-7; UV excitation) induced bright bluish-white fluorescence in DNA-containing structures (interphase and mitotic chromatin, AT-rich kinetoplast DNA of T. cruzi), which was abolished by previous DNA extraction. DNA was the unique fluorescent polyanion after staining with M&B 938 at neutral or alkaline pH, other polyanions such as RNA and heparin showing no emission. M&B 938-stained mouse metaphase chromosomes revealed high fluorescence of the AT-rich centromeric heterochromatin, and strong emission of heterochromatin in human chromosomes 1, 9, 15, 16, and Y was found after distamycin A counterstaining. On agarose gel electrophoresis, M&B 938-stained DNA markers appeared as fluorescent bands. The 1.635-KBP fragment from DNA ladder revealed a higher emission value than that expected from linear regression analysis. Spectroscopic studies showed bathochromic and hyperchromic shifts in the absorption spectrum of M&B 938 complexed with DNA, as well as strong enhancement of fluorescence at 420 nm. In the presence of poly(dA)-poly(dT), the emission of M&B 938 was 4.25-fold higher than with DNA; no fluorescence was observed with poly(dG)-poly(dC). Experimental results and considerations of the chemical structure suggest that the minor groove of AT regions of DNA could be the specific binding site for M&B 938, which shows interesting properties and useful applications as a new DNA fluorochrome.

Intra-individual heterogeneity of rDNA allows the distinction between two closely related species in the Genus Helianthus.

The Ribosomal DNAs of Helianthus annuus and H. argophyllus were analysed. Total DNA from single individuals of six cultivated lines, one wild ecotype ofH. annuus, and three ecotypes of H. argophyllus, were digested with various restriction enzymes. Hybridisation of Southern blots with sunflower ribosomal probes containing most of the interspacer regions (R3) or the 25 s coding region (R2) reveals different patterns from those expected: while no difference between H. annuus and H. argophyllus had been observed in previous rDNA RFLP analysis, our study clearly distinguished the two species on the basis of two different patterns when using R3 and BamHI, BstYI, or EcoRI/BamHI. Furthermore, the sum of the fragment weights of the BamHI restriction patterns was much greater than that of the rDNA entire unit-weight space. The co-existence of different rDNA units within single individuals is proposed as a model to explain these results. Four rDNA units were distinguished, which differed in their state of methylation and by the presence of mutations at two BamRI restriction sites. H. annuus individuals displayed two types of rDNA units while H. argophyllus individuals displayed four types.

Fluram induces species-dependent C and G bands in mammalian chromosomes, revealing heterogeneous distribution of chromosomal proteins.

Fluram (Fluorescamine; 4-phenylspiro(furan-2(3H),1'-phthalan)-3,3'-dione) is a fluorogenic reagent, which permits the detection of primary amines by forming highly fluorescent pyrrolinone derivatives. This reagent has been used on methanol-acetic acid fixed metaphase chromosomes of mouse and man and proved to be very effective in differentiating chromosome regions in both genomes. Mouse centromeric heterochromatin is highly reactive, showing intense fluorescence in all centromeric regions, whereas human chromosomes show no fluorescence in such regions. In addition, a G-like banding pattern is also obtained in both types of chromosomes. The differential reactivity of each chromosome region showed by this method demonstrates a heterogeneous distribution of chromosome proteins, resulting in a chromosome banding pattern, which is in this case species dependent.