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1.
Acta pediatr. esp ; 78(3/4): e158-e160, mar.-abr. 2020. ilus
Article in Spanish | IBECS | ID: ibc-202535

ABSTRACT

INTRODUCCIÓN: La microduplicación distal 22q11.2 es una entidad rara, pero de la que están apareciendo cada vez más casos en la literatura, ampliando en cada referencia el espectro de manifestaciones. Presentamos dos casos dentro de la misma familia. PRESENTACIÓN DEL CASO: El caso índice es un recién nacido prematuro, con historia clínica neonatal de sepsis precoz, displasia broncopulmonar, ductus arterioso persistente, hiperbilirrubinemia que precisa exanguinotransfusión, raquitismo grave e hipoacusia neurosensorial profunda bilateral. En su seguimiento evolutivo destacan la talla baja, así como unos rasgos dismórficos, entre los que resaltan macrocefalia con frente amplia, epicanto y braquidactilia. En la RMN de cráneo se detecta ventriculomegalia, sin otras alteraciones, y a los 4 años de edad presenta moderado retraso del lenguaje. Su madre tiene unos rasgos faciales similares, con baja estatura e hiperlordosis, pero sin alteraciones en el aprendizaje. Se realiza hibridación genómica comparativa (aCGH), demostrando una secuencia duplicada de 1,5 Mb en la región 22q11.2, tanto en el paciente como en su madre. DISCUSIÓN: La microduplicación distal de la región 22q11.2 se presenta con una amplia variabilidad clínica, tanto interindividual como dentro de una misma familia. Es difícil una sospecha clínica previa, realizándose el diagnóstico gracias al estudio con aCGH


INTRODUCTION: Distal chromosome 22q11.2 microduplication is a rare condition, but increasingly reported in the medical literature. It is often inherited and shows phenotypic variability. We report two cases in the same family. CASE REPORT: The index case is a preterm newborn with a neonatal clinical history of early-onset sepsis, bronchopulmonary dysplasia, patent ductus arteriosus, exchange transfusion for hyperbilirubinemia, severe rickets and profound bilateral sensorineural hearing loss. As the patient grew, he presented with short stature, broad forehead, macrocephaly, epicanthal folds and brachydactyly. A MRI was performed revealed mild ventriculomegaly. At the age of 4, he has moderate language disability. His mother shows similar dysmorphic features plus lumbar hyperlordosis but without learning disabilities. CGH-Array revealed a 1.5 Mb duplication of chromosome 22q11.2 in both the proband and his mother. DISCUSSION: Distal 22q11.2 microduplication presents with a broad range of characteristics, and inter-individual and intra-familial clinical variability. The diagnosis is usually made by CGH-Array


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Child , Chromosomes, Human, Pair 22/genetics , Abnormalities, Multiple/diagnosis , Abnormalities, Multiple/genetics , Comparative Genomic Hybridization , Diagnosis, Differential
2.
Acta pediatr. esp ; 78(3/4): e91-e95, mar.-abr. 2020. tab
Article in Spanish | IBECS | ID: ibc-202686

ABSTRACT

INTRODUCCIÓN: Este estudio tiene como objetivo evaluar la repercusión de la maternidad adolescente en el peso de los recién nacidos, y de forma secundaria en otros resultados perinatales. PACIENTES Y MÉTODOS: Estudio descriptivo retrospectivo que compara los resultados perinatales de dos poblaciones de mujeres gestantes del Hospital Universitario de Fuenlabrada entre los años 2004 y 2016: un grupo de madres adolescentes (menores de 19 años al inicio de la gestación) y otro grupo control de gestantes con edades entre los 20 y 35 años al inicio de la gestación. Los datos del embarazo y del periodo neonatal inmediato se recogieron a partir de las historias clínicas informatizadas de madres/hijos. RESULTADOS: Se recogieron todos los partos de gestaciones adolescentes durante este periodo de tiempo (n= 377, 1,3% del total de gestaciones de nuestro hospital en dicho periodo) y se compararon con un grupo control de madres no adolescentes (n= 143). De forma significativa, las gestantes adolescentes fueron con mayor frecuencia extranjeras, tuvieron un peor control gestacional, y una menor proporción de partos instrumentalizados y cesáreas. No se encontraron diferencias significativas entre los dos grupos en cuanto a edad gestacional, peso al nacimiento, prematuridad, consumo de tóxicos durante la gestación, pH del cordón, tipo de lactancia, ingreso en la unidad neonatal, días de hospitalización ni morbilidad del recién nacido. CONCLUSIONES: No se aprecia en nuestro estudio un aumento del riesgo de resultados perinatales adversos en relación con el embarazo adolescente


INTRODUCTION: This study aims to assess the impact of adolescent motherhood on the weight of newborns, and secondarily on other perinatal outcomes. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Descriptive and retrospective study, comparing perinatal results of two pregnant women cohorts, between 2004 and 2016: a first group of adolescent mothers (younger than 19 years old at the beginning of their pregnancy), and a second group of mothers 20-35 years old (control group). Patient data about pregnancy and immediate perinatal period were retrieved from electronic medical notes. RESULTS: Adolescent deliveries during 2004-2016 were 377 (1,3% of the total number of childbirths). They were compared with a control group of non-adolescent deliveries (n= 143). Adolescent mothers were more frequently immigrant, they had worse prenatal care, and less proportion of caesarean and instrumental deliveries. No significant differences were found about gestational age, birthweight, prematurity, drug consumption, umbilical cord pH, lactation, neonatal unit admission, days of hospital stay or neonatal morbidity. CONCLUSIONS: We have not found in our study an increased risk of adverse perinatal outcomes in relation to adolescent pregnancy


Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Pregnancy , Adolescent , Young Adult , Adult , Pregnancy Outcome , Birth Weight , Adolescent Behavior , Hydrogen-Ion Concentration , Umbilical Cord/chemistry
3.
Rev Calid Asist ; 32(1): 17-20, 2017.
Article in Spanish | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-27743936

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVE: To implement a program of early hospital discharge after an uncomplicated birth, in order to improve the effectiveness, as well as ensuring clinical safety and patient acceptability. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Descriptive study of the effectiveness of an early discharge program after uncomplicated delivery between February 2012 and September 2013. The populations are post-partum women and newborns admitted to the University Hospital of Fuenlabrada, with a duration of less than 24h after uncomplicated delivery that met the defined inclusion criteria. Satisfaction was assessed using a Likert scale. The effectiveness of the program was monitored by safety indicators, productivity, adaptation, and continuity of care. RESULTS: A total of 20% of cases capable of early discharge from Fuenlabrada University Hospital completed the program. Almost all (94%) were normal deliveries. The 188 cases included were from 911 patients with uncomplicated childbirth, accounting for 6.5% of the 2,857 total births. The mean stay of patients included showed a decrease of 50% (2.4 to 1.2 days). All patients received continuity of care after hospital discharge. The review consultation was reprogrammed for 4.8% of cases, with 2% of patients re-admitted within 96h. with no serious problems. Four newborns (2%) required attention in the emergency department (mother or newborn) before 96h. The assessment of patient satisfaction achieved a score of 4.5 out of 5. CONCLUSIONS: The program achieved a decrease in the average stay by 50%, favouring the autonomy of midwives. This acceptance level is in line with similar interventions. The deployment of the program may be useful for other changes in care processes.


Subject(s)
Parturition , Patient Discharge , Postpartum Period , Adult , Continuity of Patient Care , Emergency Service, Hospital/statistics & numerical data , Female , Hospitals, University/organization & administration , Humans , Infant, Newborn , Length of Stay/statistics & numerical data , Midwifery , Patient Acceptance of Health Care , Patient Discharge/statistics & numerical data , Patient Readmission/statistics & numerical data , Patient Safety , Pregnancy , Program Evaluation
4.
Rev Neurol ; 63(2): 65-70, 2016 Jul 16.
Article in Spanish | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-27377982

ABSTRACT

INTRODUCTION: Cluster headache is a rare cause of primary headache in children. We report four cases with a mean age of onset of 8.6, ranged from 2 to 13 years. CASE REPORTS: Three males and one female with onset at 2, 7, 13, and 12 years-old, respectively, were included. The symptoms of all patients fulfill the criteria for the diagnosis of cluster headache according to the International Society of Headache. CONCLUSIONS: Despite being rare during childhood, cluster headache should be part of the differential diagnosis of headache in childhood. This report highlights the variable features of this disorder in children, often misdiagnosed. It can be useful in making a quick diagnosis and starting the appropriate treatment early. Verapamil was more effective than flunarizine in terminating the headache in our patients. Oxygen treatment and triptans resulted the treatments with the best response in acute cluster headache.


TITLE: Cefalea en racimos en edad pediatrica: descripcion de cuatro casos y revision de la bibliografia.Introduccion. La cefalea en racimos es una cefalea primaria de origen trigeminoautonomico cuyo inicio en la infancia es infrecuente. Se presentan cuatro casos en los que el inicio de la sintomatologia se produjo entre los 2 y los 13 años. Casos clinicos. Se incluyen tres varones y una niña con inicio a los 2, 7, 13 y 12 años, respectivamente. Los cuatro pacientes cumplen los criterios propuestos por la tercera edicion de la Clasificacion Internacional de las Cefaleas ICHD-III (beta). Conclusiones. A pesar de ser poco frecuente durante la edad pediatrica, la cefalea en racimos debe formar parte del diagnostico diferencial de un niño que consulta por cefalea. Subrayamos la importancia de conocer sus criterios diagnosticos para evitar el retraso diagnostico que se ha descrito con frecuencia. En nuestros pacientes, el tratamiento con verapamilo resulto mas eficaz que el tratamiento con flunaricina. Los tratamientos con mejor respuesta en fase aguda fueron la oxigenoterapia y los triptanes.


Subject(s)
Cluster Headache/diagnosis , Cluster Headache/drug therapy , Adolescent , Child , Child, Preschool , Diagnosis, Differential , Female , Flunarizine/therapeutic use , Humans , Male , Tryptamines/therapeutic use , Verapamil/therapeutic use
5.
Acta pediatr. esp ; 63(2): 77-80, feb. 2005. tab
Article in Es | IBECS | ID: ibc-038192

ABSTRACT

La hiponatremia en el contexto de una diabetes insípida suele corresponder a un exceso en el uso de desmopresina; sin embargo, existen otras posibilidades. Se presenta el caso de un lactante de 18 meses, remitido por un cuadro de 2 meses de evolución de poliuria, polidipsia y pérdida ponderal. Los antecedentes, exploración física y exploraciones complementarias, incluida neuroimagen, eran normales, salvo la presencia de una poliuria hiposmolar de 3 litros que, tras dieta seca y administración de hormona antidiurética (ADH), se catalogó de diabetes insípida central parcial. Se inició tratamiento con desmopresina intranasal. Seis meses más tarde, ingresó en UCI por un cuadro de deshidratación hiponatrémica grave (sodio de 108 mEq/L), convulsiones y poliuria con fracción de excreción de sodio de 3 mL/100 mL de filtrado glomerular. Un mes más tarde, presentó otro cuadro similar, por lo que se inició la administración de sal por vía oral. A los cuatro meses, la poliuria-polidipsia mejoró. Ante la mejoría clinicoanalítica, se suspendió el tratamiento. El paciente permanece asintomático un año más tarde. El síndrome cerebral pierde sal se caracteriza por diuresis y natriuresis elevadas, hiponatremia y depleción del espacio extravascular. En su patogénesis, se baraja la acción de distintos péptidos natriuréticos; su desencadenante no es siempre una enfermedad intracraneal. En el caso descrito, se dudó de si se trataba de una verdadera diabetes insípida central parcial transitoria o bien de una polidipsia-poliuria primaria que desarrolló, posteriormente, un síndrome pierde sal por desajuste en el eje ADH-péptidos natriuréticos


Hyponatremia in association with diabetes insipidus usually corresponds to an overdose of desmopressin; nevertheless, there are other possibilities. We present the case of an 18-month-old boy who was referred to us with a 2-month history of polyuria, polydipsia and weight loss. His medical record and the results of physical examination and additional tests, including neuroimaging, were normal, except for the presence of hypo-osmolar polyuria (3 L). After dry diet and the administration of antidiuretic hormone (ADH), he was diagnosed as having partial central diabetes insipidus, and intranasal desmopressin therapy was begun. Six months later, he was admitted to the intensive care unit with severe dehydration associated with hyponatremia (Na: 108 mEq/L), seizures and polyuria, with fractional excretion of sodium of 3 mL/100 mL glomerular filtration rate (GFR). One month later, he presented a similar episode and oral salt supplementation was begun. Four months later, his polyuria and polydipsia had improved. Given the clinical and analytical improvement, the treatment was discontinued and the child remains asymptomatic one year later. Cerebral salt-wasting syndrome is characterized by marked diuresis and natriuresis, in the presence of hyponatremia and depletion of the extravascular space. Its pathogenesis has been attributed to the action of different natriuretic peptides, and it is not always triggered by an intracranial disease. In our case, we questioned whether the patient presented true transient partial central diabetes insipidus or, in contrast, primary polydipsia-polyuria with subsequent development of salt-wasting syndrome due to an imbalance in the ADH-natriuretic peptide axis


Subject(s)
Male , Infant , Humans , Hyponatremia/complications , Hyponatremia/diagnosis , Diabetes Insipidus/diagnosis , Diabetes Insipidus/pathology , Natriuretic Peptides , Natriuretic Peptides/pharmacology , Hyponatremia/epidemiology , Hyponatremia/pathology , Diabetes Insipidus/complications
6.
Rev Neurol ; 37(9): 820-5, 2003.
Article in Spanish | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-14606048

ABSTRACT

INTRODUCTION: Neurofibromatosis type 1 (NF1) is an autosomal dominant disorder with a high index of spontaneous mutations and extremely varied and unpredictable clinical manifestations. It is diagnosed by the existence of certain clinical criteria which cannot appear until adulthood. PATIENTS AND METHODS: The clinical histories of the confirmed or possible cases of neurofibromatosis (NF) in the neuropaediatric databases at the Hospital Miguel Servet in Zaragoza and at the Hospital General in Guadalajara were analysed retrospectively. RESULTS: Cases were distributed in 46 NF1, six compatible with NF1, 11 with just marks, five with marks and a family history of marks, and two cases of segmentary NF. Among the confirmed cases of NF1, the following alterations were found: optic glioma (OG) in eight, and one of them developed a glioblastoma multiforme, multiple radicular neurofibromas in one, mental retardation in one and learning disorders in 13 of the 29 school aged children, afebrile seizures in three, precocious puberty in two and scoliosis in nine. Brain areas with hypersignals were found in 71% of the cases submitted to magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) (20 out of 28), including seven of the eight patients suffering from OG. DISCUSSION: Our case mix, like all the others, exemplifies the clinical heterogeneity and unpredictable progression of children with NF1 or who are suspected of suffering from it. We followed the most widely used method of clinical and ophthalmological control, and complementary examinations were performed according to the clinical features. If neuroimaging is used, it must be MRI.


Subject(s)
Neurofibromatosis 1/epidemiology , Brain/pathology , Cafe-au-Lait Spots/epidemiology , Child , Child, Preschool , Female , Glioblastoma/epidemiology , Glioblastoma/etiology , Humans , Infant , Infant, Newborn , Intellectual Disability/epidemiology , Intellectual Disability/etiology , Learning Disabilities/epidemiology , Learning Disabilities/etiology , Magnetic Resonance Imaging , Male , Neurofibromatosis 1/complications , Neurofibromatosis 1/diagnosis , Neurofibromatosis 1/pathology , Optic Nerve Glioma/epidemiology , Optic Nerve Glioma/etiology , Puberty, Precocious/epidemiology , Puberty, Precocious/etiology , Retrospective Studies , Scoliosis/epidemiology , Scoliosis/etiology , Spain/epidemiology
7.
Rev. neurol. (Ed. impr.) ; 37(9): 820-825, nov. 2003. tab
Article in Es | IBECS | ID: ibc-28238

ABSTRACT

Introducción. La neurofibromatosis tipo 1 (NF1) es un trastorno de herencia autosómica dominante, con una elevada tasa de mutaciones espontáneas, y manifestaciones clínicas muy variadas e impredecibles. Se diagnostica por la presencia de unos criterios clínicos, que pueden no aparecer hasta la edad adulta. Pacientes y métodos. Se han analizado retrospectivamente las historias clínicas de los casos de neurofibromatosis (NF) confirmadas o posibles de las bases de datos neuropediátricas del Hospital Miguel Servet de Zaragoza y del Hospital General de Guadalajara. Resultados. Se han distribuido en 46 NF1, seis compatibles con NF1, 11 de sólo manchas, cinco manchas y antecedentes familiares de manchas y dos NF segmentarias. En los casos de NF1 confirmada se han encontrado las siguientes alteraciones: glioma óptico (GO) en ocho (uno de ellos desarrolló un glioblastoma multiforme), neurofibromas radiculares múltiples en uno, retardo mental en uno, trastornos del aprendizaje en 13 niños, de los 29 en edad escolar, convulsiones afebriles en tres, pubertad precoz en dos y escoliosis en nueve. Se han encontrado zonas cerebrales de hiperseñal en el 71 por ciento de los casos (20 de 28) en los que se ha realizado una resonancia magnética (RM), incluidos siete de los ocho afectos de GO. Discusión. Nuestra casuística, como todas, ejemplifica la heterogeneidad clínica y la impredecible evolución de los niños con NF1 o sospecha de padecerla. Nosotros seguimos la actitud más extendida de control clínico y oftalmológico, y realizamos exámenes complementarios en función de la clínica. En caso de realizar neuroimagen, ésta debe ser RM (AU)


Introduction. Neurofibromatosis type 1 (NF1) is an autosomal dominant disorder with a high index of spontaneous mutations and extremely varied and unpredictable clinical manifestations. It is diagnosed by the existence of certain clinical criteria which cannot appear until adulthood. Patients and methods. The clinical histories of the confirmed or possible cases of neurofibromatosis (NF) in the neuropaediatric databases at the Hospital Miguel Servet in Zaragoza and at the Hospital General in Guadalajara were analysed retrospectively. Results. Cases were distributed in 46 NF1, six compatible with NF1, 11 with just marks, five with marks and a family history of marks, and two cases of segmentary NF. Among the confirmed cases of NF1, the following alterations were found: optic glioma (OG) in eight, and one of them developed a glioblastoma multiforme, multiple radicular neurofibromas in one, mental retardation in one and learning disorders in 13 of the 29 school-aged children, afebrile seizures in three, precocious puberty in two and scoliosis in nine. Brain areas with hypersignals were found in 71% of the cases submitted to magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) (20 out of 28), including seven of the eight patients suffering from OG. Discussion. Our case mix, like all the others, exemplifies the clinical heterogeneity and unpredictable progression of children with NF1 or who are suspected of suffering from it. We followed the most widely used method of clinical and ophthalmological control, and complementary examinations were performed according to the clinical features. If neuroimaging is used, it must be MRI (AU)


Subject(s)
Child , Child, Preschool , Male , Infant, Newborn , Infant , Female , Humans , Spain , Scoliosis , Cafe-au-Lait Spots , Intellectual Disability , Neurofibromatosis 1 , Puberty, Precocious , Retrospective Studies , Learning Disabilities , Magnetic Resonance Imaging , Glioblastoma , Optic Nerve Glioma , Telencephalon
8.
An Pediatr (Barc) ; 58(4): 381-4, 2003 Apr.
Article in Spanish | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-12681188

ABSTRACT

The Chiari type II malformation is the main cause of death in children with myelomeningocele, usually due to respiratory dysfunction, and unfortunately there is no effective cure. Episodic symptoms of brain stem dysfunction are frequent. We report a child with Chiari type II malformation and brain stem dysfunction who required tracheotomy and who was fed through a nasogastric tube from the age of 1.5 months. He first presented episodic symptoms at the age of 8 months and died at 9 months due to respiratory dysfunction despite intensive care. We also report our experience in the last 12 years with four patients with Chiari type II malformation and episodic symptoms of brain stem dysfunction. Both patients who required mechanical ventilation died. Neither surgical decompression nor intensive care prevented the fatal outcome, which was unpredictable and inevitable. Prognosis may be more positive in less severe cases, because the two patients that did not require mechanical ventilation show favorable outcome to date.


Subject(s)
Arnold-Chiari Malformation/complications , Arnold-Chiari Malformation/therapy , Brain Diseases/complications , Fatal Outcome , Humans , Infant , Male , Respiration, Artificial
9.
An. pediatr. (2003, Ed. impr.) ; 58(4): 381-384, abr. 2003.
Article in Es | IBECS | ID: ibc-21082

ABSTRACT

La malformación de Chiari tipo II es la principal causa de muerte en niños con mielomeningocele, habitualmente por disfunción respiratoria, y por desgracia no tiene un tratamiento eficaz. Es frecuente la sintomatología episódica con signos de disfunción de tronco.Se presenta un niño afectado de malformación de Chiari tipo II con disfunción de tronco que había precisado traqueotomía y alimentación por sonda nasogástrica desde el mes y medio de vida, que a partir de los 8 meses presentó sintomatología episódica y que falleció a los 9 meses de vida por disfunción progresiva de tronco, sin que pudieran evitarlo los cuidados intensivos. Se presenta también nuestra experiencia de 12 años con otros 4 casos de malformación de Chiari tipo II y sintomatología episódica de disfunción de tronco, con fallecimiento de los 2 casos que habían precisado ventilación mecánica.Ni la descompresión quirúrgica ni los cuidados intensivos pudieron evitar los desenlaces fatales, que se presentan de forma imprevisible e inevitable. Tal vez haya una interpretación más positiva para los casos menos graves, pues los 2 casos que no precisaron ventilación mecánica evolucionan favorablemente hasta el momento. (AU)


Subject(s)
Male , Infant , Humans , Fatal Outcome , Respiration, Artificial , Arnold-Chiari Malformation , Brain Diseases
12.
An. esp. pediatr. (Ed. impr) ; 53(6): 592-595, dic. 2000.
Article in Es | IBECS | ID: ibc-2582

ABSTRACT

Se comunica un nuevo caso de monosomía r(13) en un recién nacido varón con diagnóstico prenatal. Cuarto hijo de padres sanos y con descendencia normal. Presenta una dismorfia y múltiples malformaciones características de la afección. El estudio citogenético mostró un cariotipo 46, XY, r(13) (p11.2q32)/45, XY,-13. Nuestra observación es bastante similar a otras comunicaciones de la bibliografía y confirma la relación entre los síntomas clínicos y el segmento ausente del cromosoma 13. Se revisan los aspectos clínicos y citogenéticos de la afección (AU)


Subject(s)
Male , Infant, Newborn , Humans , Chromosomes, Human, Pair 13 , Disorders of Sex Development , Monosomy , Karyotyping , Facial Bones
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