ABSTRACT
The in vitro maintenance technique described in this article has been used successfully to rear Cimex lectularius (L.) by feeding for >2 yr all nymphal stages and adults through parafilm "M" sealing film on different types of blood. Using this feeding technique, the subsequent egg production of female bedbugs was remarkably high. The blood was maintained at 37 degrees C to enhance the attachment of the bugs. The effect of anticoagulation methods for the blood meal was investigated, and heparinized blood was found the most suitable for feeding bugs. All stages of the bugs fed weekly on blood in the artificial feeding system remained attached for up to 0.5-1.0 h, until completion of their blood meals, and all reached engorged weights. More than 90% of the bugs fed artificially on whole blood, and they molted or laid eggs successfully.
Subject(s)
Bedbugs/growth & development , Animal Husbandry , Animals , Bedbugs/physiology , Female , Nymph , OvipositionABSTRACT
Coprophilin, a decalin pentanedienoic acid methyl ester, was isolated from an unidentified fungus by bioassay guided separation. It inhibited (MIC = 1.5 microM) the growth of Eimeria tenella in an in vitro assay. The isolation, structure elucidation, absolute stereochemistry and biology are described.
Subject(s)
Alkenes/pharmacology , Coccidiostats/pharmacology , Eimeria tenella/drug effects , Esters/pharmacology , Fungi/metabolism , Alkenes/chemical synthesis , Alkenes/chemistry , Animals , Cattle , Cell Line , Coccidiostats/chemistry , Esters/chemical synthesis , Esters/chemistry , Feces/microbiology , Molecular Structure , Spectrometry, Mass, Fast Atom Bombardment , StereoisomerismABSTRACT
Angiotensin I converting enzyme activity was measured in homogenates of guinea pig and chicken organs (lung, kidney, heart, ileum, diaphragm and liver), using a spectrophotometric assay for hydrolysis of hippuryl-L-histidyl-L-leucine. High specific activities were found in lung, kidney and diaphragm, but the highest corresponded to guinea pig lung and chicken kidney. Acute hypoxia decreased angiotensin I converting enzyme activity in guinea pig lung and chicken diaphragm, but the changes in kidney were considered non-significant in both the guinea pig and chicken.
