Cirugía bariátrica de conversión por fallo de la técnica inicial: 25 años de experiencia en una Unidad especializada de Cirugía de la Obesidad en España / Revisional bariatric surgery due to failure of the initial technique: 25 years of experience in a specialized Unit of Obesity Surgery in Spain

Objetivos: Valorar la eficacia de la cirugía de conversión en una unidad de cirugía bariátrica con 25 años de experiencia. Método: Estudio observacional retrospectivo de pacientes con obesidad tipo II o superior reintervenidos mediante cirugía de conversión por reganancia de peso, índice de masa corporal (IMC) residual > 35 kg/m2 o pérdida < 50% del exceso de peso. Se analizaron los datos demográficos y antropométricos, las comorbilidades y los datos perioperatorios en 5 periodos de tiempo: inicial, post-cirugía1, pre-cirugía2, post-cirugía2 y actualidad. Resultados: Se incluyeron un total de 112 pacientes con una media de edad de 40,2 años intervenidos inicialmente mediante gastroplastia vertical anillada (GVA) (32,1%), banda gástrica ajustable (BGA) (23,2%), bypass gástrico en Y de Roux (BGYR) (21,4%) y gastrectomía vertical (GV) (23,2%). Las técnicas de conversión, realizadas tras una mediana de 70 meses, incluyeron: BGYR (58,9%), GV (1,8%), bypass gástrico de una anastomosis (BAGUA) (11,6%), acortamiento de asa común (AAC) (24,1%) y derivación bilio-pancreática (DBP) (3,6%). Hubo una reducción del peso inicial de 144,2 ± 30,3 a 101,5 ± 21,8 kg tras la cirugía-1 y de 115,6 ± 24,0 a 91,5 ± 19,0 kg tras la cirugía-2. El peso en la actualidad es de 94,7 ± 16,4 kg tras una mediana de seguimiento de 27,5meses. Un grado de reducción similar ocurrió con el IMC. La mejoría de las comorbilidades se produjo sobre todo tras la primera intervención. Conclusiones: La cirugía de conversión provoca una reducción de peso que no supera a la pérdida alcanzada tras la primera cirugía, pero a diferencia de esta, logra estabilizar el peso a lo largo del tiempo. La tasa de morbilidad perioperatoria es aceptable y justificaría su aplicación, a pesar de que el impacto en las comorbilidades sea limitado

Objectives: To evaluate the effectiveness of conversion surgery in a bariatric surgery unit with 25 years of experience. Method: Retrospective observational study of patients with typeII obesity or higher who were reoperated by means of conversion surgery due to weight regain, residual body mass index (BMI) > 35 kg/m2 or <5 0% of excess weight loss. The demographic and anthropometric data, comorbidities and perioperative data were analyzed in 5 periods of time: initial, post-surgery1, pre-surgery2, post-surgery2 and current. Results: A total of 112 patients were included, with a mean age of 40.2 years, who initially underwent vertical banded gastroplasty (VBG) (32.1%), gastric banding (GB) (23.2%), Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (RYGB) (21.4%) and sleeve gastrectomy (SG) (23.2%). The conversion techniques, with a median time between the two surgeries of 70months, included: RYGB, SG, one-anastomosis gastric bypass (OAGB), shortening of the common loop (SCL) and biliopancreatic diversion (BPD). There was a reduction of the initial weight from 144.2 ± 30.3 to 101.5 ± 21.8 kg after surgery-1; from 115.6 ± 24.0 to 91.5 ± 19.0 kg after surgery-2. The weight at present is 94.7 ± 16.4 kg, with a median follow-up of 27.5 months. Similar results were seen with the BMI. The improvement of comorbidities mainly occurred after the first intervention. Conclusions: Conversion surgery causes a weight reduction that does not exceed the loss achieved after the first surgery; however, it does manage to stabilize weight over time. The perioperative morbidity rate is acceptable and would justify its application, despite the limited impact on comorbidities

Revisional bariatric surgery due to failure of the initial technique: 25 years of experience in a specialized Unit of Obesity Surgery in Spain. / Cirugía bariátrica de conversión por fallo de la técnica inicial: 25 años de experiencia en una Unidad especializada de Cirugía de la Obesidad en España.

OBJECTIVES: To evaluate the effectiveness of conversion surgery in a bariatric surgery unit with 25years of experience. METHOD: Retrospective observational study of patients with typeII obesity or higher who were reoperated by means of conversion surgery due to weight regain, residual body mass index (BMI)>35kg/m2 or <50% of excess weight loss. The demographic and anthropometric data, comorbidities and perioperative data were analyzed in 5 periods of time: initial, post-surgery1, pre-surgery2, post-surgery2 and current. RESULTS: A total of 112 patients were included, with a mean age of 40.2years, who initially underwent vertical banded gastroplasty (VBG) (32.1%), gastric banding (GB) (23.2%), Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (RYGB) (21.4%) and sleeve gastrectomy (SG) (23.2%). The conversion techniques, with a median time between the two surgeries of 70months, included: RYGB, SG, one-anastomosis gastric bypass (OAGB), shortening of the common loop (SCL) and biliopancreatic diversion (BPD). There was a reduction of the initial weight from 144.2±30.3 to 101.5±21.8kg after surgery-1; from 115.6±24.0 to 91.5±19.0kg after surgery-2. The weight at present is 94.7±16.4kg, with a median follow-up of 27.5months. Similar results were seen with the BMI. The improvement of comorbidities mainly occurred after the first intervention. CONCLUSIONS: Conversion surgery causes a weight reduction that does not exceed the loss achieved after the first surgery; however, it does manage to stabilize weight over time. The perioperative morbidity rate is acceptable and would justify its application, despite the limited impact on comorbidities.