ABSTRACT
Objectives: The aim of this study was to estimate the seroprevalence of anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibodies using the SARS-CoV-2 antibody test in a university population. Capillary blood and plasma samples were compared and correlated with symptomatology to establish rapid treatment processes and develop a public health strategy within the community. Study design: Descriptive study of seroprevalence of anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibodies in a university population. Methods: Standardised and validated laboratory serological tests were used to assess the immune response detected in capillary blood and plasma samples. In this study, 280 participants from the University Colegio Mayor de Antioquia in the Municipality of Medellín, Colombia, were tested for SARS-CoV-2 antibodies in capillary blood and plasma samples between November 2020 and January 2021. Results: In total, 29 (11.2%) individuals had positive results for anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibodies (IgG/IgM); 28 (96.6%) had positive results in plasma samples and 11 (37.9%) in capillary blood samples. The two tests were compared, and the overall sensitivity and specificity of capillary vs plasma samples was 36.7% and 99.6%, respectively. Conclusions: Anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibodies (IgG/IgM) can be used to estimate the seroprevalence in populations, including immunity by vaccination; however, capillary blood samples should not be used to detect previous infection as they provide low sensitivity compared to plasma samples.
ABSTRACT
Resumen Introducción. El sistema sanguíneo ABO está compuesto por los antígenos A y B, los cuales varían de acuerdo a las sustituciones de nucleótidos, que determinan la especificidad de la enzima para la cual codifican. Su importancia clínica se extiende más allá de los procesos transfusionales, aparentemente está involucrado en la fisiopatología de varias enfermedades, como cáncer, infecciones, alteraciones cardiovasculares, entre otras. Metodología. estudio descriptivo retrospectivo, con 2708 datos de clasificación de grupo sanguíneo ABO en pacientes hospitalizados. Se realizó la prueba de Chi2 de independencia para determinar la relación entre enfermedades hematológicas y no hematológicas y el grupo sanguíneo. Resultados. El grupo sanguíneo O se presentó en el 59,2% y el AB en el 18% de los pacientes; las entidades clínicas que predominaron fueron las no hematológicas; entre ellas las más frecuentes la hemorragia gastrointestinal, diabetes mellitus y las fracturas tanto para el grupo A como el B. En el grupo AB se presentó la tuberculosis y hemorragia gastrointestinal. Para las enfermedades de la sangre y de los órganos hematopoyéticos, en los grupos sanguíneos A, AB y O predominó la anemia de tipo no especificada, por su parte en el grupo B se presentó la anemia falciforme en crisis. Conclusión. en el presente estudio no se pudo establecer desde el análisis estadístico la relación entre los antígenos de grupo sanguíneo y el desarrollo de una entidad clínica en particular, pero desde el punto de vista clínico si se pudo notar la tendencia de una frecuencia más alta de una enfermedad en un grupo sanguíneo específico.
Abstract Introduction. The ABO blood system is composed of A and B antigens, which vary according to nucleotide substitutions, which determine the specificity of the enzyme for which they code. Its clinical importance extends beyond transfusion processes, apparently it is involved in the pathophysiology of various diseases, such as cancer, infections, cardiovascular disorders, among others. Methodology. retrospective descriptive study, with 2708 ABO blood group classification data in hospitalized patients. The Chi2 test of independence was performed to determine the relationship between hematological and non-hematological diseases and blood group. Results. Blood group O was present in 59.2% and AB in 18% of the patients; the clinical entities that predominated were non-hematological ones; Among them the most frequent were gastrointestinal bleeding, diabetes mellitus and fractures for both group A and B. In group AB, tuberculosis and gastrointestinal bleeding occurred. For diseases of the blood and hematopoietic organs, anemia of unspecified type predominated in blood groups A, AB and O, while in group B there was sickle cell anemia in crisis. Conclusion. in the present study, the relationship between blood group antigens and the development of a particular clinical entity could not be established from the statistical analysis, but from the clinical point of view, the trend of a higher frequency could be observed. of a disease in a specific blood group.
