Treatment of children scoliosis by corrective brace with regulated force effect.

Rigid structural spine scoliosis of a child and even non progressive congenital scoliosis (e.g. isolated hemivertebra) can be treated by hypercorrective brace in full day regime. The article shows the new type of corrective brace with adjustable force effect. The brace consists of 3 stiff parts connected by joints and telescopes. The parts of brace are made from plastic according to plaster form of child trunk. The joints allow only mutual turning brace parts at frontal plane. The special telescopes were developed which operated with prescribed forces, it means the brace and trunk parts are mutually turned at prescribed moments. The article shows the algorithm for calculation of spine stress state, and spine curve correction for given brace with adjusted telescope forces. The second algorithm calculates the telescope forces for demanded spine curve correction. The computer program can be used for computer aid design of brace forces. The force effect of the new type of brace is demonstrated on a 14 months old boy with congenital scoliosis of lumbar spine (hemivertebra L1 and L3 on the right side). Curvature measured according to Coob was changed after application of this brace from 47.5° to 32.0°.

Biomechanics of leg deformity treatment.

At pre-school age, there is a possibility to treat severe varosity and/or valgosity of legs by orthoses. The three points force effect of the orthosis partially corrects the pathologic defect of the leg. If the orthosis is intermittently used for a long time the correction is permanent. Step by step correction of bone deformities are based on remodelling of growth epiphyses and bones that are caused by orthotic bending pre-stressing. According to Hüter-Volkmann's law, the oblique loading regulates the growth of epiphyseal plates of long bone into the direction of the pressure result and the bone remodelling process is started: it means that the bone grows at the tensile part of growth epiphyses more quickly than at pressure one and gradually eliminates the varosity and/or valgosity defect. The knowledge of stress values for starting of the bone remodelling process is principal for clinical praxis. The values of pre-stressing cannot be increased by starting the remodelling process from the ethical point of view but it can be judged on its starting according to the success of the treatment. The aim of this article is to study the bone, ligament stress state and deformations of successful treatment. Method and calculation algorithm of stress state and deformation that are necessary for the starting of the remodelling process at the knee region were verified on a group of eight patients that were fitted by orthoses with bending pre-stressing. The space models of the knee, femur and tibia were composed with the help of X-ray, CT and MRI scan. The calculation algorithm was implemented on a PC and the program can be easily applied at clinical praxis.

Some considerations with regard to the first results about volatile nitrosamine contents in some Cuban foods.

The volatile nitrosamine contents in some samples of Cuban beer and canned meat products are reported. Only dimethylnitrosamine in very low concentrations was detected. The significance of these results and the relative necessity to extend research works in this field are discussed.

[The importance of immunologic properties of colostrum in the nutrition of neonates]. / Význam imunitních vlastností kolostra ve výzive novorozencu.

In 213 specimens of human milk from the first 10 days of lactation after delivery, the concentration of secretory immunoglobin A and its ratio in total milk protein and the lysozyme content were assessed. The dynamics of values were also assessed and a great individual variability was found. Because of the high content of secretory immunoglobulin A, lysozyme and other immune components in colostrum during the first 24 hours after delivery, the authors gave it the name of hyperimmune colostrum. They recommend to include it in the initial nutrition of all neonates as an effective anti-infections protection. They recommend to use this colostrum also in the treatment of enteral infections of all neonates and other infants.