ABSTRACT
Over the past several years, traditional metrics have indicated declining student success within colleges and schools of pharmacy. Though students may be less well-prepared for professional school than in years past, once candidates are admitted to our institutions, we have a responsibility to effectively support their progression through the program. The 2022-2023 Student Affairs Committee was convened to evaluate and advance the construct of student success within Doctor of Pharmacy programs. The Student Affairs Committee was charged with identifying environmental factors affecting the ability of pharmacy students to be successful; determining how colleges and schools of pharmacy are currently meeting needs related to student progress; conducting a literature review to determine what academic support measures minimize attrition; and developing innovative suggestions and recommendations that better support student success. To accomplish this work, we conducted an extensive literature review and synthesis of evidence, engaged in professional networking across the Academy, and administered a wide-ranging student success survey to all colleges and schools of pharmacy. In this report, we explore the complex and interacting systems that affect learning behavior and academic success and offer a novel, comprehensive description of how the Academy is currently responding to challenges of academic and student success. Additionally, we envision the future of student success, offering 7 recommendations to the American Association of Colleges of Pharmacy and 5 suggestions to members of the Academy to advance this vision.
Subject(s)
Education, Pharmacy , Pharmaceutical Services , Pharmacy , Students, Pharmacy , Humans , United States , Curriculum , Schools, PharmacyABSTRACT
Thiosugars, containing a sulfur atom as heteroatom or a disaccharide linked via a sulfur bridge, possess unique physicochemical properties such as water solubility, which differs from conventional functionalized monosaccharides. The differences in biological activities between thiosugars and their oxygen analogs depend on geometric, conformational, and flexibility differences. They depend also on their electronic differences, the sulfide function being less electronegative and more polarizable than the ethereal moiety. Many functionalized thiosugars occur naturally and are potential targets for the development of carbohydrate-based therapeutics. Among the few new examples of the potential new targets are salacinol and kotalanol, tagetitoxin, thiolactomycin and analogues, mycothiol and analogues, and S-nitrosothiols. These new developments and representative examples of functionalized thiosugar prototypes as potential new targets are presented in this mini review.
