Efeito do aquecimento sobre a flexibilidade e o desempenho funcional: ensaio clínico randomizado / Effect of warm-up on flexibility and functional performance: randomized clinical trial / Efecto del calentamiento sobre la flexibilidad y el rendimiento funcional: ensayo clínico aleatorizado

RESUMO Introdução: A atividade física deve ser parte fundamental de programas de promoção da saúde. No entanto, sua realização pode expor o indivíduo a riscos de lesão, o que torna necessária a adoção de medidas preventivas como o aquecimento, com o intuito de minimizar os riscos e/ou contribuir para o melhor desempenho funcional. Objetivo: O propósito deste estudo foi analisar o efeito agudo de diferentes tempos de aquecimento sobre flexibilidade, equilíbrio e desempenho funcional em indivíduos fisicamente ativos. Método: Trinta e dois homens saudáveis que realizavam exercício regularmente pelo menos três vezes por semana foram aleatoriamente incluídos em um de quatro grupos (n = 8): G0 (sem aquecimento), G5 (aquecimento por cinco min.), G10 (aquecimento por dez min.) e G15 (aquecimento por quinze min.). Os indivíduos foram avaliados antes e depois da intervenção nas seguintes variáveis: flexibilidade do reto femoral (RF) e dos isquiotibiais (IT), equilíbrio corporal com olhos abertos e fechados e desempenho funcional por meio dos testes de salto triplo horizontal (STH) e shuttle run (SR). O aquecimento foi realizado numa esteira ergométrica entre 70% e 80% da frequência cardíaca máxima estimada para idade. Resultado: Não houve diferenças significativas na flexibilidade e no equilíbrio nas comparações intra e intergrupos (p > 0,05). Contudo, houve melhora significativa do desempenho funcional somente no G10 na comparação intragrupo para as variáveis STH (de 5,88 ± 0,55 para 6,23 ± 0,66; p = 0,0051) e SR (de 4,72 ± 0,13 para 4,61 ± 0,13; p= 0,0194). Conclusão: O aquecimento durante 10 minutos parece melhorar o desempenho funcional em indivíduos ativos, podendo também ser uma alternativa viável para a prevenção de lesão.

ABSTRACT Introduction: Physical activity should be a fundamental part of health promotion programs. However, its performance can expose the individual to risk of injury, which makes it necessary to adopt preventive measures such as warm-up (WU) in order to minimize risks and/or contribute to better functional performance. Objective: The purpose of this study was to analyze the acute effect of different warm-up times on flexibility, balance, and functional performance in physically active individuals. Method: Thirty two healthy men, who exercise regularly at least three times a week, were randomly assigned to one of four groups (n=8): G0 (without WU), G5 (WU for 5 min), G10 (WU for 10 min), and G15 (WU for 15 min). The subjects were assessed before and after the intervention on the following variables: flexibility of the rectus femoris (RF) and hamstrings (HM) muscles, body balance with open and close eyes and functional performance through triple horizontal jump (THJ) and shuttle run (SR) tests. The WU was carried out on a treadmill between 70% and 80% estimated maximum heart rate for age. Results: There were no significant differences in flexibility and balance in intra and intergroup comparisons (p>0.05). However, there was a significant improvement in functional performance only in G10 in the intragroup comparison for THJ variables (5.88±0.55 to 6.23±0.66; p=0.0051) and SR variables (4.72±0.13 to 4.61±0.13; p=0.0194) variables. Conclusion: Warm-up for 10 minutes seems to improve functional performance in active individuals, and may be a viable alternative for injury preventions.

RESUMEN Introducción: La actividad física debe ser parte fundamental de los programas de promoción de la salud. Sin embargo, su realización puede exponer al individuo a riesgos de lesión, lo que hace necesaria la adopción de medidas preventivas como el calentamiento con el fin de minimizar los riesgos y/o contribuir para el mejor desempeño funcional. Objetivo: El propósito de este estudio fue analizar el efecto agudo de diferentes tiempos de calentamiento sobre flexibilidad, equilibrio y desempeño funcional en individuos físicamente activos. Método: Treinta y dos hombres sanos que hacen ejercicio regularmente por lo menos tres veces por semana fueron incluidos aleatoriamente en uno de cuatro grupos (n = 8): G0 (sin calentamiento), G5 (calentamiento por cinco minutos), G10 (calentamiento por diez minutos) y G15 (calentamiento por quince minutos). Los individuos fueron evaluados antes y después de la intervención en las siguientes variables: flexibilidad del recto femoral (RF) y de los isquiotibiales (IT), equilibrio corporal con ojos abiertos y cerrados y desempeño funcional por medio de las pruebas de salto triple horizontal (STH) y shuttle run (SR). El calentamiento se realizó en una cinta rodante entre el 70% y el 80% de la frecuencia cardiaca máxima estimada para la edad. Resultado: No hubo diferencias significativas en la flexibilidad y el equilibrio en las comparaciones intra e intergrupos (p > 0,05). Sin embargo, hubo una mejora significativa en el desempeño funcional sólo en el G10 en la comparación intragrupo para las variables STH (de 5,88 ± 0,55 a 6,23 ± 0,66, p = 0,0051) y SR (de 4,72 ± 0,13 a 4,61 ± 0,13, p = 0,0194). Conclusión : El calentamiento durante 10 minutos parece mejorar el desempeño funcional en individuos activos, pudiendo también ser una alternativa viable para la prevención de lesión.

Lufenuron impact upon Anthonomus grandis Boheman (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) midgut and its reflection in gametogenesis.

The insecticide Match® (lufenuron), one of the main insect growth regulators used in pest control, has been presented as a viable alternative against the boll weevil, Anthonomus grandis (Coleoptera: Curculionidae), by inhibiting chitin synthesis. Thus, this study aimed to examine whether Match® interferes in the synthesis of the peritrophic matrix, leading to changes in the midgut epithelium, resulting in nutritional deficiency and reflecting, thereby, in the gametogenesis process of A. grandis. Floral cotton buds were immersed in the insecticide solution (800µL of Match®+200mL of distilled water) and offered to the adult insects. The midguts of the insects were evaluated after 24 and 120h after feeding. The gonads were evaluated after 120h. The results showed that Match®, in both evaluation periods, induced histopathological alterations such as disorganization, vacuolization and desquamation of the midgut epithelium; histochemical modifications in the distribution patterns of carbohydrates, although without quantitative changes; and a strong decrease in protein levels. No apoptosis were observed, however, there was an increase in the number of regenerative cell nests. In the testicles, a reduction in the amount of spermatozoids and reduced carbohydrate levels were observed, but no difference in protein levels. The ovarioles presented structural disorganization of follicular cells, yolk reduction and decrease in protein levels, however, no change in carbohydrates levels was noted. Therefore, it is concluded that Match® performs histopathologic and histochemical alterations in the midgut epithelium and the gonads of A. grandis adults, reflecting in the gametogenesis process, presenting itself as a promising tool in the management of this pest on cotton crops.

Effects of melatonin in rats in the initial third stage of pregnancy exposed to sub-lethal doses of herbicides.

Exposure to the herbicides Paraquat (PQ) and Roundup® may cause cell lesions due to an increase in oxidative stress levels in different biological systems, even in the reproductive system. OBJECTIVE: Evaluate the possible changes in reproductive parameters and hepatic, as well as its prevention by simultaneous application of melatonin. METHODS: Thirty-five female rats at the age of 3 months were divided into seven groups: three groups exposed to sub-lethal doses of the herbicides PQ (50mg/kg) and Roundup® (500mg/kg) (n=5, G2, G3 and G4); three groups exposed to herbicides and simultaneous treatment with 10mg/kg of Melatonin (n=5, G5, G6 and G7) and control group (n=5, G1) from the first to the seventh day of pregnancy. On the seventh day of pregnancy, the rats were anesthetized and euthanized, followed by laparotomy to remove their reproductive tissues and liver. Body and ovary weights were taken and the number of implantation sites, corpora lutea, preimplantation losses, implantation rates were counted and histopathology of the implantation sites, morphometry of the surface and glandular epithelia of endometrium and hepatic oxidative stress were undertaken. RESULTS: The present study shows the decrease in body and ovary weight, decrease in the number of implantation sites, implantation rate, in the total number of corpora lutea and increase of preimplantation percentages were observed when compared to the G1: Fig. 1 and Table 1, (p>0.001 ANOVA/Tukey). The histopathological analysis of the implantation sites showed a disorder of the cytotrophoblast and cell degeneration within the blastocyst cavity in Fig. 4. Morphometry revealed a reduction in surface and glandular epithelia and in the diameter of the endometrial glands (Table 2; p>0.05 ANOVA/Tukey), whereas in liver, serum levels of thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS) were found to be significantly elevated (Fig. 2; p>0.001; p>0.05 ANOVA/Tukey), and serum level of reduced glutathione (GSH) was significantly lower (Fig. 3; p>0.001 ANOVA/Tukey). However, treatments with melatonin exhibited improvements in reproductive parameters, as well as reduced lesions in the implantation sites (Fig. 4.) and in serum levels TBARS (Fig. 2; p>0.001 ANOVA/Tukey), serum levels GSH (Fig. 3; p>0.001; p>0.05 ANOVA/Tukey). CONCLUSIONS: These results reveal that melatonin is a protective agent against experimentally induced maternal/embryo toxicity with herbicides and favoring normalization of reproductive parameters and hepatic.

Effect of trans-anethole, limonene and your combination in nutritional components and their reflection on reproductive parameters and testicular apoptosis in Spodoptera frugiperda (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae).

Spodoptera frugiperda is a major pest in several crops due to its polyphagous habit. Studies on the use of essential oils for pest control have been increasing over the years, presenting itself as a promising alternative with less environmental impact. Chemical profile evaluations of essential oils enable the knowledge and use of major compounds, providing a better understanding of their actions in the life history of insects. Thus, the study evaluated the effects of the major compounds limonene, trans-anethole and the combined effects upon nutrition, reproduction and testicular apoptosis in S. frugiperda. Larvae of third instar were submitted to the LD50 of the compounds by topical contact and 48 h later the amounts of lipids, proteins, total sugar and glycogen were evaluated. The testicular apoptosis was evaluated in the treated larvae after 48 h and the reproductive parameters were evaluated after adult emergence. All treatments reduced the amounts of lipid, protein, total sugar and glycogen when compared to control. The most significant results were obtained by the association of compounds. All treatments reduced the number of eggs, oviposition period and adult longevity when compared to control. There were no changes in the pre-oviposition and post-oviposition periods. Testicular apoptosis was observed in the limonene and in the combined treatments. It is concluded that limonene and trans-anethole, especially in association, cause adverse effects upon nutrition and reproduction in S. frugiperda, altering essential parameters for its survival and establishment on crops.

Acute and chronic toxicity of the benzoylurea pesticide, lufenuron, in the fish, Colossoma macropomum.

Lufenuron is a benzoylurea insecticide that interfere in chitin synthesis in insects. Although lufenuron is widely used in agriculture and aquaculture, rare are studies described that relates to possible toxic effects in fish. This work aimed to evaluate acute and chronic toxic effects of benzoylurea pesticide (lufenuron) on biological parameters of Colossoma macropomum (Tambaqui). In the acute test, juveniles of Tambaqui were divided into control group and five experimental groups with exposure from 0.1 to 0.9 mg/L of lufenuron for 96 h. Animals were also submitted to chronic toxicity test for four months in concentrations of 0.1 and 0.3 mg/L of lufenuron, the concentration used in the treatment of ectoparasites in fish and 50% of LC50 96 h, respectively. The presence of hemorrhages was observed in eyes, fins and operculum of fish exposed to 0.7 and 0.9 mg/L of lufenuron. Histological analysis showed changes in the morphology of fish gills submitted to acute toxicity test, as lamellar aneurysm and blood congestion inside lamellae. Lufenuron promoted damage in fish retina as in ability to respond to stimuli in photoreceptors and in ON-bipolar cells in acute test. In chronic test, blood glucose analysis and morphometric parameters showed no significant differences (p > 0.05). In general, Tambaqui exhibited behaviors associated with stress when exposed to lufenuron. Thus, lufenuron showed several toxic effects in relation to biological parameters in Tambaqui. This concerns about the use and discard of lufenuron, and indicates the requirement of environmental actions to prevent potential contamination of aquatic biota.

Biochemical parameters of Spodoptera frugiperda (J. E. Smith) treated with citronella oil (Cymbopogon winterianus Jowitt ex Bor) and its influence on reproduction.

Spodoptera frugiperda is the principal corn pest in Brazil. Searches for new control methods that minimize the adverse effects of synthetic insecticides have initiated a resurgence of the use of botanical insecticides. Citronella oil (a product of Cymbopogon winterianus) is an effective repellent and insecticide. Thus, biochemical profile changes in oil-treated larvae and its influence on reproduction were assessed. Corn leaves dipped in a 50mg/mL concentration were offered to third instar larvae for 24h and assessed in sixth instar to estimate protein, lipid, sugar, and glycogen levels. Adult testes and ovarioles were collected for histological and histochemical analysis 24h after emergence. Number of eggs and hatching rate were also measured. Oil-treated larvae showed an increase in glycogen and a decrease in protein, lipid, and totals sugar content. Control testes exhibited connective tissue lining and cysts with abundant spermatozoids. However, intense peripheral vacuolation and neutral carbohydrates reduction occurred in oil-treated individuals. Control ovarioles showed normal morphologic characteristics. On the other hand, oil-treatment ovarioles showed follicular cell stratification and removal, reduced nurse cell development, reduced yolk quantity, a thinner conjunctiva sheath, and a reduction in proteins and neutral carbohydrates. Eggs derived from oil-treated pairs were unviable. Therefore, sub-lethal doses of citronella oil alters the biochemical profile of S. frugiperda larvae, causing damage to their reproductive histophysiology and results in diminished reproduction or reproductive failure.

Histological and histochemical changes by clove essential oil upon the gonads of Spodoptera frugiperda (JE Smith) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) / Alteraciones histológicas e histoquímicas provocadas por el aceite esencial de clavo de olor en las gónadas de Spodoptera frugiperda ( je smith ) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae)

Spodoptera frugiperda is a polyphagous insect that causes economic losses to several crops in Brazil and is the major obstacle to corn production. Researches focusing on alternative control, e.g. botanical products are expanding to offer a wide variety of molecules that interfere with different biological parameters of insect pests. Thus, this study tested the hypothesis that clove essential oil affects the spermatogenesis, ovarioles histochemistry and the fertility of S. frugiperda. The results showed that clove essential oil affects the gametogenesis of S. frugiperda ovarioles, reflecting negatively on its reproduction, proving to be a promising tool for controlling this pest.

Spodoptera frugiperda es un insecto polífago que causa pérdidas económicas a varias cosechas en Brasil y es el mayor obstáculo para la producción de maíz. Este estudio está centrado en el control alternativo, con productos botánicos que se están expandiendo y ofrecen una amplia variedad de moléculas que interfieren con diferentes parámetros biológicos de plagas de insectos. Por tanto, se puso a prueba la hipótesis de que el aceite esencial de clavo de olor afecta la espermatogénesis. La histoquímica de los ovarioles y la fertilidad de S. frugiperda. Los resultados mostraron que el aceite esencial de clavo de olor afecta la gametogénesis de los ovarioles en S. frugiperda, lo que incide negativamente en su reproducción, demostrando ser una herramienta prometedora para el control de esta plaga.

Morphological and histological characterization of production structures, storage and distribution of venom in the parasitic wasp Bracon vulgaris.

It was described the morphology and histological composition of the structures related to production, storage and distribution of Bracon vulgaris venom, a wasp that parasite their hosts after the inoculation of a venom which causes irreversible paralysis. Were found 22 glandular filaments, coated with secretory epithelium associated with a reservoir coated internally by a chitin layer and externally by striated muscular fibers. A valve mediates the passage of the toxin to venom duct towards the parasitoids sting.

Ultra-structure and histochemistry of digestive cells of Podisus nigrispinus (Hemiptera: Pentatomidae) fed with prey reared on bt-cotton.

The toxic effects of Bt proteins from the body of the prey/host to predators and parasitoids have been investigated as a route of impact on non-target insects of Bt crops. This research aimed to analyze ultrastructural changes and histochemistry in digestive cells of the middle region of the midgut of Podisus nigrispinus fed, since its second instar, with Spodoptera frugiperda reared on Bt cotton variety Acala90 B, which expresses the toxin Cry 1Ac, and its non-Bt isoline Acala 90. Fragments of the midgut of P. nigrispinus were analyzed by electron microscopy. For the histochemical analysis, Bromophenol Blue, Periodic Acid Schiff von Kossa, Alcian Blue pH 2.5 and Sudan Black were used. The Cry1Ac toxin of Bt cotton ingested by S. frugiperda promotes a disorganization in the perimicrovillar matrix of P. nigrispinus (third trophic level), thus generating ultrastructural changes in the digestive cells, as elongation of microvilli, presence of spherocrystals and granules of different electron densities, in addition to altering the distribution pattern of glycogen, lipids and calcium of these cells in the median region of the midgut. Thus, we conclude that species moderately susceptible to Cry1Ac toxin, such as S. frugiperda, can acquire this toxin and expose it to P. nigrispinus, which can interfere with your ability to predation.

[Hemocyte characterization of Nasutitermes coxipoensis (Holmgren) (Isoptera: Termitidae) workers and hemocyte evaluation after parasitism by Metarhizium anisopliae]. / Caracterização dos hemócitos de operários de Nasutitermes coxipoensis (Holmgren) (Isoptera: Termitidae) e avaliação hemocitária após parasitismo por Metarhizium anisopliae.

We aimed to characterize the morphology and ultrastructure of hemocytes of Nasutitermes coxipoensis (Holmgren) workers and to quantify the cell types 24 h, 48 h and 72 h after inoculation with Metarhizium anisopliae. Six hemocytes types were identified, plasmatocyte, granulocyte, spherulocyte, prohemocyte, adipohemocyte and eonocytoid Hemocytes did not present any morphological alteration at the several observation periods, but they did have a change in their abundance, as observed for spherulocytes, adipohemocytes and eonocytoids at all intervals, and for plasmatocytes and granulocytes at 48 h after host inoculation. We argue on the possible reasons and implications of the observed changes.

Caracterização dos hemócitos de operários de Nasutitermes coxipoensis(Holmgren) (Isoptera: Termitidae) e avaliação hemocitária após parasitismo por Metarhizium anisopliae / Hemocyte characterization of Nasutitermes coxipoensis (Holmgren) (Isoptera: Termitidae) workers and hemocyte evaluation after parasitism by Metarhizium anisopliae

O objetivo desta pesquisa foi caracterizar morfológica e ultraestruturalmente os hemócitos de operários de Nasutitermes coxipoensis (Holmgren) e quantificar os tipos celulares 24h, 48h e 72h após inoculação com Metarhizium anisopliae. Seis tipos de hemócitos foram identifi cados: plasmatócito, granulócito, esferulócito, prohemócito, adipohemócitos e oenocitóide. Nenhuma alteração na morfologia dessas células foi evidenciada durante os intervalos. Entretanto, houve variações na proporção dos hemócitos em relação à testemunha para esferulócitos, adipohemócitos e oenocitóides, nos três intervalos de avaliação, e para plasmatócitos e granulócitos no intervalo de 48h. As causas potenciais dessa variação e suas implicações são apresentadas e discutidas neste artigo.

We aimed to characterize the morphology and ultrastructure of hemocytes of Nasutitermes coxipoensis (Holmgren) workers and to quantify the cell types 24h, 48h and 72h after inoculation with Metarhizium anisopliae. Six hemocytes types were identified, plasmatocyte, granulocyte, spherulocyte, prohemocyte, adipohemocyte and eonocytoid Hemocytes did not present any morphological alteration at the several observation periods, but they did have a change in their abundance, as observed for spherulocytes, adipohemocytes and eonocytoids at all intervals, and for plasmatocytes and granulocytes at 48h after host inoculation. We argue on the possible reasons and implications of the observed changes.

Patogenicidade de Metarhizium anisopliae var. anisopliae e Metarhizium anisopliae var. acridum sobre Nasutitermes coxipoensis (Holmgren) (Isoptera: Termitidae) / Pathogenicity of Metarhizium anisopliae var. anisopliae and Metarhizium anisopliae var. acridum on Nasustitermes coxipoensis (Holmgren) (Isoptera: Termitidae)

A ação de Metarhizium anisopliae var. anisopliae e Metarhizium anisopliae var. acridum sobre o cupim de montículo Nasutitermes coxipoensis (Holmgren) e a produção de conídios sobre os insetos mortos foram estudadas em laboratório. Doses infectivas foram determinadas através do contato direto dos insetos com a cultura fúngica após 12 dias de crescimento e quantificação dos conídios em câmara de Neübauer. Foram utilizadas as doses 0,5 x 10(6) e 1,6 x 10(7) conídos/ml, para M. anisopliae var. anisopliae, e 1,4 x 10(5) e 1,8 x 10(6) conídios/ml para M. anisopliae var. acridum, nominadas dose A e dose B, respectivamente. As doses corresponderam a 3 min. e 15 min. de contato direto de 20 cupins com a cultura fúngica. A produção de conídios foi avaliada utilizando-se insetos inoculados com o fungo, 10 dias após a morte. Os bioensaios foram realizados em triplicata. Os percentuais de mortalidade acumulada de N. coxipoensis tratados com M. anisopliae, no terceiro dia após a inoculação, foram: controle, 15,7 por cento; dose A 95,7 por cento e dose B 100 por cento; para M. anisopliae var. acridum foram: controle, 13,3 por cento; dose A 66,4 e dose B 88,8 por cento. A média da produção de conídios foi mais elevada para M. anisopliae var. anisopliae do que para M. anisopliae var. acridum. Os resultados mostraram que M. anisopliae var. anisopliae apresentou maior potencial para o controle biológico de N. coxipoensis.

The action of Metarhizium anisopliae var. anisopliae and Metarhizium anisopliae var. acridum on the mound termite Nasutitermes coxipoensis (Holmgren) and the conidia production on dead insects were studied in laboratory. Infective doses were determined through direct contact of the insects with the fungi cultures with 12 days of growth followed by conidia quantification in Neübauer camera. The doses of 0.5 x 10(6) and 1.6 x 10(7) conidia/ml of M. anisopliae var. anisopliae, and 1.4 x 10(5) e 1.8 x 10(6) conidia/ml of M. anisopliae var. acridum were named dose A and dose B, for each fungus, respectively. These doses corresponded to 3-min and 15-min direct contact of 20 insects with the fungi cultures. Conidia production was evaluated using the insects inoculated with fungi. The bioassays were carried out in triplicate. The percentage of accumulated mortality of N. coxipoensis treated with M. anisopliae var. anisopliae on the third day after inoculation were: control, 15.7 percent; dose A 95.7 percent and dose B 100 percent; for M. anisopliae var. acridum: control, 13.3 percent; dose A 66.4 percent and dose B 88,8 percent. The average of conidia production was higher for M. anisopliae var. anisopliae than M.anisopliae var. acridum. The results showed that M. anisopliae var. anisopliae presented better potential for the biological control of N. coxipoensis.

Morphometric analysis of the development of the ovarian follicles in pinealectomized rats

El estudio tuvo como objetivo analizar morfometricamente el area ocupada por los foliculos ováricos en ovarios de ratas pinealectomizadas. Para ello, 24 ratas albinas (Rattus norvegicus albinus), fueron divididas igualmente en los siguientes grupos: Grupo I - Ratas falsamente pinealectomizadas y mantenidas en el ciclo claro/oscuro (12/12 horas), por tres meses; Grupo II - ratas pinealectomizadas y mantenidas en el ciclo claro/oscuro (12/12 horas), por tres meses; Grupo III - ratas pinealectomizadas y mantenidas en la ausencia de luz durante tres meses; Grupo IV í ratas falsamente pinealectomizadas, y mantenidas en la ausencia de luz por tres meses. Los resultados mostraron que los grupos I y IV presentaban, respectivamente, medias de 19,00 y 25,00, mientras que los grupos II y III presentaron las mayores medias, 28,25 y 27,25, respectivamente, indicando mayor área ocupada por los folículos. Fue observada una peque¤a cantidad de cuerpos lúteos en los grupos pinealectomizados. De esta manera, concluimos que la pinealectomía puede ejercer, con el tiempo, alguna influencia en la función gonadal, lo que podrá inducir la formación de un cuadro clinico anovulatorio, y consecuentemente, el desarrollo de ovarios policísticos.

Porque as mulheres menstruam / Why do women menstruate

O autor apresenta argumentação de ordem evolutiva, fisiológica, biológica, psicodinâmica e sociológica no sentido de explicar a origem, permanência e a utilidade das menstruações no gênero humano. Comenta e critica teorias recentes acerca da inutilidade das mesmas.

Médicos (pr)escrevem: vidas e obras / Doctors (pr) write, lives and works

Este derradeiro volume da coleção Médicos (Pr)escrevem homenageia médicos falecidos que deixaram textos literários, ou não técnicos, e que mostram a riqueza humanística da profissão. Na verdade, além dos mortos, reverencia também a nós mesmos e após nossos leitores, porque – como reza o Livro dos Mortos – acreditamos que a morte não existe ou, pelo menos, que ela pode ser ludibriada, através do exercício amoroso da arte e, em especial, da literatura...

Repercussöes emocionais da laqueadura tubária / Emotional repercussion of sterilization by Falopian tubes ligadure

O grande aumento das esterilizaçöes femininas que vem sendo executadas nos últimos anos em nosso país pela técnica de laqueadura tubária e o consequente surgimento de reaçöes emocionais, levaram os autores à tentativa de confirmar estas obervaçöes. Foram avaliadas 23 pacientes através de uma entrevista padräo, constituída por indicadores emocionais e que procurou obter uma visäo global da vida pessoal e familiar das pacientes nas fases pré e pós-esterilizaçäo. A cuidadosa avaliaçäo feita pela equipe multidisciplinar, mostrou que as alteraçöes emocionais adversas encontradas nas mulheres esterilizadas autorizaram os autores a concluir que o procedimento näo é inócuo e que mais graves poderäo ser as consequências de esterilizaçöes feitas sem prévia e apropriada indicaçäo