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1.
J. venom. anim. toxins incl. trop. dis ; 12(1): 91-109, 2006. tab
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-423837

ABSTRACT

The aim of this paper was to evaluate the immune reconstitution of HIV-1 patients subjected to highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) for two years or more according to CD45RA and CD45RO cell count; determination of IL-2, IFN-gamma, IL-4, IL-10 and TNF-alpha serum levels; CD4+ T and CD8+ T lymphocyte count; and plasma viral load (VL) determination. For this purpose, a cross sectional study was carried out in the Tropical Diseases Area, Botucatu School of Medicine, São Paulo State University, UNESP, Botucatu, São Paulo, Brazil. Between June 2001 and April 2002, 37 HIV-1 infected patients were evaluated, 13 with treatment indication but untreated (G1), 9 subjected to HAART for 5-7 months (G2), and 15 treated for two years or more (G3); both treated groups used medication regularly and without failure. Forty-nine normal individuals were studied as controls (GC-1 and GC-2). There was a tendency (p<0.10) for the predominance of two nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NRTI) associated with one non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor (NNRTI) regimen in G2; and two NRTI associated with a protease inhibitor (PI) in G3. Statistical differences between groups were seen for CD45RA (G1<[G3=GC-2]; p<0.05) and CD45RO (G1[G2=G3]; p<0.001), TNF-alpha serum determination ([G1>G3; G2=intermediate]>GC-1; p<0.001), IL-2 (G1<[G2=G3=GC-1]; p<0.01), IFN-gamma ([G1=GC-1]<[GC-2=G3]; p<0.001), IL-4 and IL-10 ([G1=G2=G3]>GC-1; p<0.001), serum cytokine profiles, with a higher proportion of subtype 2 in G1 and mature subtype 0 in G2 and G3 (p<0.005). There was no statistical difference for CD8+ T lymphocyte counts (G1=G2=G3; p<0.50). Consistency was seen between positive correlations of profile 1 definer cytokines (IL-2 and IFN-gamma), CD45RA and CD45RO cells, and CD4+ T lymphocyte counts and between positive correlations of profile 2 definer cytokines (IL-4 and IL-10) with TNF-alpha, and VL. The negative correlations were also consistent as they expressed the inverse of the positives. The variables with the highest number of correlations were IL-2, IFN-gamma, and VL, followed by CD45RA and CD45RO cells, and IL-10...


Subject(s)
Adult , Humans , Male , Female , Anti-HIV Agents , Antiretroviral Therapy, Highly Active , Cytokines , HIV , Immune System , /therapeutic use , Immunity , Biomarkers
2.
Braz J Med Biol Res ; 35(6): 703-12, 2002 Jun.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-12045836

ABSTRACT

The venom of Lonomia obliqua caterpillar may induce a hemorrhagic syndrome in humans, and blood incoagulability by afibrinogenemia when intravenously injected in laboratory animals. The possible antithrombotic and thrombolytic activities of L. obliqua caterpillar bristle extract (LOCBE) were evaluated in this study. The minimal intravenous dose of the extract necessary to induce afibrinogenemia and anticoagulation was 3.0 and 10.0 microg protein/kg body weight for rabbits and rats, respectively. In rabbits, this dose induced total blood incoagulability for at least 10 h and did not reduce the weight of preformed venous thrombi, in contrast to streptokinase (30,000 IU/kg). In rats, pretreatment with 5.0 and 10.0 microg/kg LOCBE prevented the formation of thrombi induced by venous stasis or by injury to the venous endothelium. The dose of 5.0 microg/kg LOCBE did not modify blood coagulation assay parameters but increased bleeding time and decreased plasma factor XIII concentration. When the extract was administered to rats at the dose of 10.0 microg/kg, the blood was totally incoagulable for 6 h. These data show that LOCBE was effective in preventing experimental venous thrombosis in rats, justifying further studies using purified fractions of the extract to clarify the mechanisms of this effect.


Subject(s)
Anticoagulants/pharmacology , Arthropod Venoms/pharmacology , Blood Coagulation/drug effects , Fibrinolytic Agents/pharmacology , Venous Thrombosis/prevention & control , Animals , Anticoagulants/therapeutic use , Arthropod Venoms/therapeutic use , Bleeding Time , Factor XIII/analysis , Fibrinolytic Agents/therapeutic use , Jugular Veins/drug effects , Male , Rabbits , Rats , Rats, Wistar , Venae Cavae/drug effects
3.
Braz. j. med. biol. res ; 35(6): 703-712, June 2002. tab
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-309510

ABSTRACT

The venom of Lonomia obliqua caterpillar may induce a hemorrhagic syndrome in humans, and blood incoagulability by afibrinogenemia when intravenously injected in laboratory animals. The possible antithrombotic and thrombolytic activities of L. obliqua caterpillar bristle extract (LOCBE) were evaluated in this study. The minimal intravenous dose of the extract necessary to induce afibrinogenemia and anticoagulation was 3.0 and 10.0 æg protein/kg body weight for rabbits and rats, respectively. In rabbits, this dose induced total blood incoagulability for at least 10 h and did not reduce the weight of preformed venous thrombi, in contrast to streptokinase (30,000 IU/kg). In rats, pretreatment with 5.0 and 10.0 æg/kg LOCBE prevented the formation of thrombi induced by venous stasis or by injury to the venous endothelium. The dose of 5.0 æg/kg LOCBE did not modify blood coagulation assay parameters but increased bleeding time and decreased plasma factor XIII concentration. When the extract was administered to rats at the dose of 10.0 æg/kg, the blood was totally incoagulable for 6 h. These data show that LOCBE was effective in preventing experimental venous thrombosis in rats, justifying further studies using purified fractions of the extract to clarify the mechanisms of this effect


Subject(s)
Animals , Rats , Rabbits , Male , Anticoagulants , Arthropod Venoms , Blood Coagulation , Fibrinolytic Agents , Venous Thrombosis , Anticoagulants , Arthropod Venoms , Bleeding Time , Factor XIII , Fibrinolytic Agents , Jugular Veins , Rats, Wistar , Venae Cavae
4.
Anat Histol Embryol ; 29(5): 283-9, 2000 Oct.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-11103517

ABSTRACT

Histochemical, ultrastructural and morphometric methods were used to study growth patterns of red, pink and white muscle fibres and their relation to body weight and total length in the fast-growing freshwater fish Piaractus mesopotamicus Holmberg. The correlations amongst body weight, body length and diameter of red, pink and white fibres were low. From 10-15 to 40-50 cm, body weight increased 102.7 times, while the diameter of each type of fibre increased by factors of 0.94, 0.74 and 0.70, respectively. Muscle fibres revealed different morphological and histochemical stages of maturation. The frequencies of < 20 microns fibres of red, pink and white muscle tissue in the youngest and oldest classes were 64.5 and 11.0, 38.2 and 7.7 and 24.0 and 1.4%, respectively. In 30-40 cm fish, the frequency of < 20 microns fibres in the red and pink tissue was 24.5 and 25.5%, while in the white tissue it was 11.5%. During sexual maturity (40-50 cm), the recruitment of < 20 microns fibres in white muscle was 1.4%. Muscle fibres of this species showed continuous growth by both hyperplastic and hypertrophic mechanisms, and hyperplasia was particularly active in the juvenile phase.


Subject(s)
Fishes/anatomy & histology , Muscles/anatomy & histology , Animals , Body Constitution , Body Weight , Brazil , Fishes/growth & development , Larva/growth & development , Muscle Fibers, Skeletal/ultrastructure
5.
Vaccine ; 17(19): 2446-52, 1999 May 14.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-10392627

ABSTRACT

Using the laboratory mice, Fuenzalida-Palacios mouse brain human rabies vaccine was administered in groups of animals previously inoculated with rabies virus and then submitted to treatments with the immunomodulators onco-BCG, avridine and Propionibacterium acnes. Humoral and cellular immune responses were evaluated through the macrophage inhibition factor (MIF), intra-pad inoculation (IPI) and serum neutralization (SN) tests and by the detection of gamma-interferon (IFN-gamma). The IPI test was not effective in detecting the response of delayed-type hypersensitivity, contrary to MIF, which showed the immune cellular response. Higher levels of IFN-gamma were observed in the groups of mice vaccinated and treated with avridine and P. acnes. Although immunomodulating activities have been detected, the use of adjuvants with the Fuenzalida-Palacios type vaccine in mice did not reveal any encouraging results.


Subject(s)
Adjuvants, Immunologic/therapeutic use , BCG Vaccine/immunology , Diamines/immunology , Propionibacterium acnes/immunology , Rabies Vaccines/immunology , Rabies/immunology , Animals , Antibodies, Viral/biosynthesis , Antiviral Agents/immunology , Brain/virology , Female , Humans , Injections, Intramuscular , Interferon Inducers/immunology , Mice , Neutralization Tests , Rabies/prevention & control
6.
Rev Inst Med Trop Sao Paulo ; 41(2): 107-14, 1999.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-10413958

ABSTRACT

The cellular and humoral immune responses of mice inoculated with rabies virus and treated with the Bacillus of Calmette-Guérin, Avridine and Propionibacterium acnes were evaluated in this paper. There was a higher percentage of surviving mice in groups submitted to P. acnes treatment. Lower levels of interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma) were found in infected mice. The intra-pad inoculation test (IPI) was not effective to detect cellular immune response, contrary to the results found in MIF reaction. The survival of mice did not present correlation with the levels of antirabies serum neutralizing (SN) antibodies titers, IFN-gamma concentration and MIF response.


Subject(s)
Adjuvants, Immunologic/pharmacology , BCG Vaccine/pharmacology , Diamines/pharmacology , Propionibacterium acnes/immunology , Rabies/immunology , Animals , Antibody Formation , BCG Vaccine/immunology , Diamines/immunology , Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay , Female , Interferon-gamma/analysis , Mice , Time Factors
7.
Rev. Inst. Med. Trop. Säo Paulo ; 41(2): 107-14, mar.-abr. 1999. tab
Article in English | LILACS, Sec. Est. Saúde SP | ID: lil-236052

ABSTRACT

Avaliou-se a resposta imune celular e humoral de camundongos inoculados com virus rabico de rua e submetidos aos imunomoduladores Onco-BCG, avridina e Propionibacterium acnes. Os animais submetidos ao tratamento com P. acnes apresentaram um maior percentual de sobrevivencia quando comparados aos dos demais tratamentos. Foram observados menores niveis de IFN-gama nos animais infectados, sugerindo imunossupressao viral. O teste do Coxim Plantar nao foi eficaz para a deteccao da resposta de hipersensibilidade retardada na metodologia utilizada, contrariamente ao MIF. A sobrevivencia dos animais nao apresentou correlacao com os niveis de anticorpos soroneutralizantes, concentracao de IFN-gama e resposta ao MIF


Subject(s)
Animals , Mice , Female , Propionibacterium acnes/isolation & purification , Rabies/therapy , Adjuvants, Immunologic/therapeutic use , Rabies Vaccines/therapeutic use , Interferons/therapeutic use , Hypersensitivity, Delayed , Immunity, Cellular , Mycobacterium bovis/drug effects , Antibody Formation , Neutralization Tests
8.
Anat Histol Embryol ; 28(5-6): 367-73, 1999 Dec.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-10652834

ABSTRACT

The extensor digitorum longus (EDL) and soleus (SOL) muscle fibres from albino rats submitted to experimental chronic alcoholism were evaluated in accordance with their metabolic and morphometric profiles. Twenty-seven male animals aged 4 months and weighing approximately 400 g were used. The animals were divided into three groups: control, isocaloric and alcoholic and sacrifices were carried out after 5, 10 and 15 months. The muscles were dissected, removed, cross-sectioned in a cryostat and submitted to the NADH (nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide) reaction. The SO (slow-twitch-oxidative), FG (fast-twitch-glycolytic) and FOG (fast-twitch-oxidative-glycolytic) muscle fibre types exhibited a polygonal, triangular or rounded shape and did not present noteworthy modifications in either muscles during the study. The cross-sectional areas of the fibres from the studied muscles did not present significant differences during the observations. Fibre area behaved similarly in the alcoholic animals up to the 10th month, i.e. it was decreased, as also observed in the other groups. At 15 months, however, all fibres were increased, with a predominance of FG fibres in the SOL muscle. Changes in fibre population were observed mainly in the SOL muscle of alcoholic animals: SO fibres were initially increased in number but decreased after the 10th month, and the opposite was observed for the population of FG fibres. FOG fibres increased linearly in number throughout the experiment. The statistical analysis showed nevertheless that the fibre population and cross-sectional area changes were not significant. In the alcoholic animals quantitative variations of muscle fibres were more evident in the SOL muscle, suggesting that the SOL muscle is more sensitive to the toxic action of ethanol. The results concerning the increased fibre diameter in alcoholic animals would be associated with muscle oedema induced directly or indirectly by the ethanol.


Subject(s)
Alcoholism/pathology , Muscle, Skeletal/pathology , Alcoholism/metabolism , Animals , Dihydrolipoamide Dehydrogenase/analysis , Glycolysis , Male , Muscle Fibers, Fast-Twitch/pathology , Muscle Fibers, Slow-Twitch/pathology , Muscle, Skeletal/cytology , Muscle, Skeletal/metabolism , Rats , Reference Values
9.
Comp Immunol Microbiol Infect Dis ; 21(4): 305-18, 1998 Oct.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-9775360

ABSTRACT

Responses of vaccination and treatment to immunomodulators against rabies in mice were evaluated through macrophage inhibition factor (MIF), intra-pad inoculation (IPI) and serum neutralization (SN) tests and by the detection of gamma-interferon (IFN-gamma). Onco-BCG, Avridine and Propionibacterium acnes were administered to groups of mice. Higher survival rates were found in animals treated with P. acnes. Lower levels of IFN-gamma were observed in the groups of infected and vaccinated mice. The IPI was not effective on detecting the response of delayed-type hypersensitivity. Vaccine induced in the infected animals a more intense response to MIF reaction.


Subject(s)
Adjuvants, Immunologic/administration & dosage , BCG Vaccine/administration & dosage , Diamines/administration & dosage , Propionibacterium acnes/immunology , Rabies/prevention & control , Animals , BCG Vaccine/immunology , Diamines/immunology , Female , Interferon-gamma/metabolism , Macrophage Migration-Inhibitory Factors/metabolism , Mice , Neutralization Tests , Rabies/immunology , Rabies Vaccines/administration & dosage , Rabies Vaccines/immunology , Vaccination
10.
Int J Lepr Other Mycobact Dis ; 66(2): 190-200, 1998 Jun.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-9728451

ABSTRACT

The authors studied the Mitsuda reaction in 37 leprosy patients (18 reactional tuberculoid, 19 reactional borderline cases) and compared the results with clinical findings, histopathology and bacilloscopy. Evaluation of the Mitsuda reaction was carried out on days 30, 60, 90 and 120. Most of the reactional tuberculoid patients showed a Mitsuda reaction of +3 in opposition to the reactional borderline patients who showed only +. Bacilloscopic analysis revealed that in 75% of the reactional tuberculoid cases there were rare or no bacilli; bacilli were present in 95% of the reactional borderline cases. The authors conclude that reactional tuberculoid cases have a greater ability to clear bacilli than reactional borderline cases, and that the Mitsuda reaction is a useful tool for the differentiation between these two types of leprosy.


Subject(s)
Lepromin , Leprosy, Borderline/diagnosis , Leprosy, Tuberculoid/diagnosis , Adolescent , Adult , Aged , Child , Female , Humans , Leprosy, Borderline/microbiology , Leprosy, Borderline/pathology , Leprosy, Tuberculoid/microbiology , Leprosy, Tuberculoid/pathology , Male , Middle Aged
11.
Arq. bras. med. vet. zootec ; 50(3): 253-62, jun. 1998. tab
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-224105

ABSTRACT

Foram examinadas amostras de sangue de bovinos recém-nascidos das raças Nelore e Holandesa e de bubalinos da raça Murrah, obtidas no dia do nascimento e aos 15, 30 e 45 dias de idade. Os resultados indicaram que: 1. a contagem de hemácias de bubalinos foi inferior à de bovinos nos primeiros 30 dias de idade, no entanto o teor de hemoglobina de búfalos foi superior à de bovinos; 2. as contagens de leucócitos, neutrófilos e linfócitos foi maior em bubalinos que em bovinos, e decresceram com o avanço da idade, diferentemente do número de eosinófilos e de monócitos que manifestaram tendência de elevaçäo no período; 3. os maiores valores de fibrinogênio foram constatados no dia do nascimento, enquanto os níveis das proteínas totais séricas tenderam à elevaçäo em funçäo da idade; 4. os níveis glicêmicos diminuíram com o avanço da idade e a glicemia de bubalinos foi inferior à de bovinos Nelore; 5. as concentraçöes de ferro, uréia e aspartato aminotransferase de bubalinos superaram as de bovinos, com maiores valores no dia do nascimento, e perfil semelhante foi notado com a creatinina; 6. os níveis de bilirrubina e alanina aminotransferase de bovinos foram superiores aos de búfalos, com maior valor ao nascimento; 7. a partir de 15 dias de idade, os bovinos apresentaram atividade de fosfatase alcalina superior à de bubalinos e em todos os grupos ocorreu queda da atividade enzimática ao longo do tempo; 8. a atividade de gamaglutamiltransferase foi maior no dia do nascimento com acentuado decréscimo com o avanço da idade; 9. os níveis séricos de cálcio e fósforo apresentaram oscilaçöes de pouca intensidade, enquanto a concentraçäo de magnésio foi superior em búfalos, com menores valores ao nascimento


Subject(s)
Animals , Animals, Newborn , Cattle/blood
12.
Arq. bras. med. vet. zootec ; 50(3): 263-71, jun. 1998. tab
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-224106

ABSTRACT

Foram analisadas amostra de sangue de bovinos lactentes, desmamados e adultos das raças Nelore e Holandesa e de bubalinos da raça Murrah. As contagens de hemácias e de linfócitos, o pH sagüíneos, os teores de fibrinogênio plasmático e os níveis séricos de cálcio e fósforo foram similares em bovinos e bubalinos. As concentraçöes de proteínas totais, uréia, creatinina, hemoglobina, magnésio e ferro e as atividades da enzima aspartato aminotransferase de bubalinos foram superiores às de bovinos. As contagens de leucócitos de bovinos desmamados da raça Holandesa foram superiores às da raça Nelore e semelhantes às dos bubalinos. O teor de bilirrubina de bubalinos foi menor que o de bovinos. A glicemia de animais lactentes e adultos näo foi influenciada por raça ou sexo. A atividade de fosfatase alcalina foi inferior em bubalinos desmamados. A gamaglutamiltransferase apresentou atividades superiores em búfalos lactentes e desmamados


Subject(s)
Animals , Cattle/blood
13.
Arq. bras. med. vet. zootec ; 50(3): 273-82, jun. 1998. tab
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-224107

ABSTRACT

Foram analisadas amostras de sangue de vacas nelore, holandesa e de bubalinas da raça Murrah, obtidas durante a gestaçäo, no dia do parto e no puerpério. Os resultados indicaram que: 1. a gestaçäo e o puerpério näo influenciaram o eritrograma, porém no dia do parto a contagem de hemácias e o teor de hemoglobina de vacas holandesas e de búfalas foram inferiores aos demais períodos; 2. as contagens de leucócitos foram semelhantes entre os grupos, exceçäo feita à pariçäo, momento no qual as vacas holandesas tiveram maiores valores; 3. a concentraçäo de proteínas foi superior em vacas nelores e o teor de albumina, durante a gestaçäo, foi maior em búfalas, com decréscimo à pariçäo; 4. durante a prenhez a glicemia foi menor em búfalas que em vacas holandesas; 5. os níveis séricos de uréia e de creatinina foram maiores em fêmeas bubalinas que em bovinos, com valores máximos de uréia no pós-parto e de creatinina no dia do parto; 6. a bilirrubinemia foi maior em vacas que em búfalas; 7. a atividade sérica de aspartato aminotransferase foi superior em bubalinas, com tendência de elevaçäo à pariçäo. As menores atividades da fosfatase alcalina foram notadas em raças Nelores. A atividade da gamaglutamiltransferase foi superior no puerpério de búfalas; 8. no início da gestaçäo os níveis séricos de cálcio foram maiores em vacas holandesas e os de fósforo foram mais elevados em búfalas, as quais apresentaram maior teor de magnésio, com valores máximos no dia do parto


Subject(s)
Animals , Female , Cattle/blood , Labor, Obstetric , Postpartum Period , Pregnancy, Animal
14.
Arq. bras. med. vet. zootec ; 49(6): 661-72, dez. 1997. tab
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-264574

ABSTRACT

Estudaram-se os efeitos do tratamento de frangos com ácidos orgânicos e/ou microbiota cecal anaeróbia (MCA) sobre a infecçäo sistêmica e do trato digestivo de aves por Salmonella typhimurium e S. enteritidis. Foi usada MCA sem prévia indentificaçäo bacteriana. O tratamento com MCA contribuiu na resistência dos frangos à infecçäo por Salmonella spp. As infecçöes eram mais persistentes, em ordem, no ceco, reto e inglúvio, näo interferindo com o peso corporal no período. As infecçöes também eram autolimitantes, pois lotes tratados e controles apresentaram índices semelhantes de infecçäo ao final dos experimentos. Isoladamente ou em associaçäo com ácido acético, MCA reduziu a colonizaçäo do trato digestivo das aves por S. typhimurium e S. enteritidis. A associaçäo MCA e ácido acético näo teve efeito potencializador na reduçäo da colonizaçäo do trato digestivo. Exceto no inglúvio, o uso dos ácidos acético, propiônico ou fórmico näo determinou diferença em relaçäo aos grupos-controle na reduçäo de S. typhimurium e S. enteritidis no ceco e no reto. O uso de ácidos orgânicos e MCA teve pequeno efeito na reduçäo do pH cecal das aves tratadas. O tratamento com MCA diminuiu a quantidade de S. enteritidis nas fezes. A reduçäo do pH cecal näo diminuiu a quantidade de S. enteritidis nas fezes. S. enteritidis foi muito mais invasiva que a S. typhimurium e o uso de ácidos orgânicos e MCA teve pouco efeito na reduçäo da infecçäo sistêmica


Subject(s)
Animals , Poultry , Salmonella enteritidis , Salmonella typhimurium
15.
Arq. bras. med. vet. zootec ; 49(3): 279-90, jun. 1997. ilus
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-264488

ABSTRACT

Dois grupos de cinco bezerros, das raças Holandesa e Nelore, com idade aproximada de nove meses, receberam por via oral uma dose única de 1.000 larvas infectantes (L3) por kg de peso corporal de Haemonchus placei. Os animais foram mantidos sob observaçäo clínica após a infecçäo. Amostras de sangue foram coletadas semanalmente por punçäo venosa, desde uma semana antes, até a oitava semana pós-infecçäo. Os estudos hematológicos abrangeram hematócrito, contagem diferencial de leucócitos, determinaçöes de hemoglobina, fibrinogênio e proteínas plasmáticas. Os exames parasitológicos compreenderam exames de fezes semanais com contagem de ovos (OPG) e estimativa de cargas de vermes na necropsia. Amostras de tecido da mucosa do abomaso foram submetidos a estudos histopatológicos. Ambos os grupos mostraram números crescentes de OPG após a quinta semana, sendo que os bezerros de raça Holandesa apresentaram maiores contagens do que os da raça Nelore. Na terceira semana pós-infecçäo e até o final do experimento, os bezerros da raça Holandesa tiveram anemia e hipoproteinemia, enquanto que os bezerros Nelore näo apresentaram alteraçöes significativas desses parâmetros. A necropsia, os bezerros da raça Holandesa apresentaram uma carga de vermes significativamente maior dos que os da raça Nelore. As alteraçöes patológicas visíveis e lesöes histopatológicas foram similares, embora macroscopicamente fossem levemente mais evidentes na raça Holandesa. Estes resultados demonstram que bezerros da raça Holandesa säo mais susceptíveis à infecçäo e aos efeitos patogênicos de H. placei do que bezerros da raça Nelore


Subject(s)
Animals , Cattle , Haemonchus , Helminths
16.
Braz. j. vet. res. anim. sci ; 34(2): 99-102, 1997. tab
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-246048

ABSTRACT

O presente experimento teve como objetivos estabelecer padröes de referência para constituintes do líquido cefalorraquidiano, determinar os valores de cloretos, creatina fosfoquinase e aspartato aminotransferase no soro sanguíneo e dosagem de glicose plasmática, na tentativa de verificar se existe correlaçäo entre essas variáveis no sangue e no líquor, de cäes normais e de cäes jovens portadores de encefalite por cinomose. Foram utilizados 40 animais, sendo 20 cäes normais e 20 cäes com cinomose. O exame bioquímico do líquor dos cäes normais permitiu o estabelecimento de valores para concentraçäo de glicose: 86,09 mais ou menos 17,76 mg/dl, níveis de cloretos: 117,36 mais ou menos 21,35 mEq/L, níveis de creatina fosfoquinase; 3,77 mais ou menos 1,72 UI/L e níveis de aspartato aminotransferase, 7,43 mais ou menos 4,61 UI/L. O exame bioquímico do líquor de cäes com cinomose permitiu o estabelecimento de valores para concentraçäo de glicose: 80,85 mais ou menos 14,82 mg/dl, níveis de cloretos: 118,67 mais ou menos 12,82 mEq/L, níveis de creatina fosfoquinase: 26,38 mais ou menso 29,27 UI/L e níveis de aspartato aminotransferase; 65,70 mais ou menos 23,72 UI/L. Os níveis de cloretos, creatina fosfoquinase e aspartato aminotransferase no soro, e glicose no plasma nos cäes normais e nos cäes com cinomose foram, respectivamente, 103,43 mais ou menos 16,00 e 103,43 mais ou menos 11,99 mEq/L, 95,75 mais ou menos 22,83 e 272,50 mais ou menos 140,95 UI/L, 23,77 mais ou menos 5,20 e 23,44 mais ou menos 4,81 UI/L, 119,12 mais ou menos 21,46 e 106,12 mais ou menos 17,73 mg/dl. Verificou-se uma correlaçäo positiva entre a concentraçäo de glicose liquórica e plasmática nos animais normais e nos animais com cinomose, e entre os níveis de CPK liquórica e sérica nos animais com cinomose. Näo foram constatadas diferenças estatisticamente significativas entre os dois grupos de animais com relaçäo aos níveis de cloretos do líquor e do soro. As amostras do líquor dos cäes com cinomose apresentaram valores mais elevados de CPK e AST do que as amostras dos cäes normais


Subject(s)
Animals , Dogs/physiology , Cerebrospinal Fluid/chemistry , Distemper , Encephalitis/virology
17.
Braz. j. vet. res. anim. sci ; 34(3): 147-51, 1997. tab
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-257024

ABSTRACT

O presente experimento teve como objetivos estabelecer padröes de referência para constituintes do líquido cefalorraquidiano de cäes normais e de cäes jovens portadores de encefalite por cinomose. Foram utilizados 40 animais, sendo 20 cäes normais (de seis a 48 meses de idade) e 20 cäes com cinomose (até 18 meses de idade). Os exames físico, citológico e bioquímico do líquor dos cäes normais permitiram o estabelecimento de valores para densidade: 1007 mais ou menos 1,83, pH: 8,30 mais ou menos 0,34, contagem global de hemácias: 6,65 mais ou menos 5,27/ul, contagem global de leucócitos: 2,85 mais ou menos 1,63/ul e dosagem de proteínas: 38,70 mais ou menos 15,49 mg/dl. Os exames físico, citológico e bioquímico do líquor de cäes com cinomose permitiram o estabelecimento de valores para densidade: 1010 mais ou menos 1,50, pH: 8,35 mais ou menos 0,46, contagem global de hemácias: 8,55 mais ou menos 6,48/ul, contagem global de leucócitos: 99,05 mais ou menos 106,93/ul e dosagem de proteínas: 219,03 mais ou menos 81,08 mg/dl. O líquor apresentou-se límpido e incolor em todas as amostras dos cäes normais e na maioria das amostras de cäes com cinomose. Algumas amostras dos cäes com cinomose encontravam-se discretamente turvas e/ou xantocrômicas. O teste de Pandy foi negativo em todas as amostras de cäes normais e positivo, variando de duas a três cruzes, nos animais com cinomose. A contagem diferencial de células do líquor de cäes com cinomose revelou uma predominância (67 por cento a 97 por cento) de linfócitos em todas as amostras, presença de 2 por cento a 24 por cento de monócitos e 2 por cento a 20 por cento de plasmócitos. Em algumas amostras observaram-se macrófagos, neutrófilos segmentados e células ependimárias. Verificou-se uma correlaçäo positiva entre o número de plasmócitos, os níveis protéicos totais e a taxa de globulinas do líquor de cäes com cinomose


Subject(s)
Animals , Amnii Liquor , Dogs/blood , Distemper , Encephalitis , Globulins/metabolism
18.
Am J Trop Med Hyg ; 55(5): 496-503, 1996 Nov.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-8940980

ABSTRACT

A group of 10 patients, nine of them seriously infected with Paracoccidioides brasiliensis (G1), received glucan (beta-1,3 polyglucose) as an immunostimulant intravenously once a week for one month, followed by monthly doses (10 mg) over an 11-month period, together with a specific anti-fungal agent as an immunostimulant. A second group of eight moderately infected patients (G2) was treated with only the anti-fungal agent. Among the patients in G1, there was only one case of relapse compared with five in G2. Values for the erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) showed a significant difference (P < 0.001) post-treatment in G1 patients, when compared with the pretreatment levels. There was also a significant reduction (P < 0.001) in the level of serum antibodies to P. brasiliensis in the G1 patients in post-treatment examinations. The phytohemagglutinin (PHA) skin test showed a positive reaction among the patients in G1 (P < 0.01) post-treatment and there was a tendency towards an increase in the number of CD4+ T lymphocytes in both groups after treatment. The serum level of tumor necrosis factor (TNF) proved to be significantly higher (P < 0.02) in the G1 patients during treatment. In the G1 patients, the correlation between ESR and TNF tended to be negative whereas that between ESR and serum antibodies was positive. The present results indicate that the patients who received glucan, in spite of being more seriously ill, had a stronger and more favorable response to therapy.


Subject(s)
Adjuvants, Immunologic/therapeutic use , Glucans/therapeutic use , Immunization , Paracoccidioidomycosis/drug therapy , Paracoccidioidomycosis/immunology , beta-Glucans , Adjuvants, Immunologic/administration & dosage , Adolescent , Adult , Aged , Amphotericin B/therapeutic use , Anti-Infective Agents/therapeutic use , Antibodies, Fungal/analysis , Antifungal Agents/therapeutic use , Blood Sedimentation , CD3 Complex/analysis , CD4 Antigens/analysis , CD4 Lymphocyte Count , CD4-CD8 Ratio , CD8 Antigens/analysis , Drug Therapy, Combination , Glucans/administration & dosage , Humans , Ketoconazole/therapeutic use , Male , Middle Aged , Paracoccidioides/immunology , Paracoccidioidomycosis/blood , Phytohemagglutinins/immunology , Skin Tests , Sulfadiazine/therapeutic use , Sulfanilamides/therapeutic use , T-Lymphocyte Subsets/immunology , Trimethoprim, Sulfamethoxazole Drug Combination/therapeutic use , Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha/analysis
19.
J Pediatr (Rio J) ; 72(2): 85-92, 1996.
Article in Portuguese | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-14688959

ABSTRACT

The authors show the relations among arm circumference, arm muscle and arm fat areas with or without menarche, by carrying out an anthropometric study in 717 adolescents in the municipality of Botucatu. It must be emphasized that those adolescents who had already menstruated presented significantly higher nutritional indicators than those who had not menstruated yet. There was an increase in fat tissue and lean body mass in those adolescents who had already menstruated. Body changes might be expressed by calculating muscle and arm fat areas using triceps skinfold and arm circumference.

20.
Arq. bras. med. vet. zootec ; 47(5): 633-9, out. 1995. ilus, tab
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-239911

ABSTRACT

Quatrocentos e trinta éguas com metrite clínica ou suspeita foram examinadas clínica e bacteriologicamente quanto à análise comparativa entre o diagnóstico clínico e o sucesso na resposta bacteriológica. De 303 (70,4 por cento) éguas que mostraram contaminaçäo bacteriana, 172 (40 por cento) apresentaram organismos Gram negativos e 131 (30,4 por cento) bactérias Gram positivas, sendo a E. coli (n = 82), K. pneumoniae (n = 26), P. aeruginosa (n = 20), S. aureus (n = 19) e S. zooepidemicus (n = 18) os patógenos mais frequentes. Contra um conjunto de 18 agentes antimicrobianos, os microrganismos Gram-negativos mostraram resistência in vitro à maioria das drogas, enquanto que os Gram positivos (excluindo-se S. aureus e E. faecalis) foram todos sensíveis. Nitrofurantoína, sulfamethoxazol + trimethoprim e gentamicina foram os agentes de açäo antimicrobiana mais efetivos contra todas as bactérias


Subject(s)
Animals , Female , Bacteria, Aerobic/drug effects , Endometritis/diagnosis , Endometritis/therapy , Horses , Uterus/microbiology , Horse Diseases
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