Efficacy and safety of high dose intravenous ciprofloxacin in the treatment of bacterial pneumonia. Italian Ciprofloxacin Study Group.

One hundred and fifty three hospitalized patients were enrolled in an open, prospective, multi-center study on the efficacy and safety of intravenous ciprofloxacin (400 mg i.v., b.i.d.) for acute bacterial pneumonia: 93 (63%) patients were valid for efficacy out of 148 valid for intention-to-treat analysis. The most commonly isolated organisms from 93 valid-for-efficacy patients were Pseudomonas aeruginosa (17%), Haemophilus influenzae and parainfluenzae (17%), Streptococcus aureus (14%) and Streptococcus pneumoniae (11%). Cure was achieved in 89/93 (95.7%) valid-for-efficacy patients; effective eradications were obtained in 42 (45%) and presumed eradications in 48 (52%) of the 93 patients. Mild or moderate adverse events (AE) occurred in 13/153 (8.5%) patients assessable for safety; all but one AE were rapidly reversible and only one treatment-stop (0.65%) was decided. The treatment of acute bacterial pneumonias with high-dose parenteral ciprofloxacin appears to be efficacious and well tolerated.

[Double-blind placebo-controlled study of the effectiveness and tolerability of 10 and 30 mg ketorolac tromethamine suppositories in post-cholecystectomy pain]. / Studio in doppio cieco verso placebo sull'efficacia e la tollerabilità di ketorolac trometamina supposte da 10 e 30 mg nel dolore conseguente a colecistectomia.

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the efficacy and tolerability of ketorolac tromethamine 10 mg and 30 mg suppositories in comparison to placebo, after single dose administration in patients suffering from post-operative pain after cholecystectomy. DESIGN: Double-blind, randomized, controlled study. SETTING: Anaesthesia Service. PATIENTS: 99 patients with severe pain following surgery. INTERVENTIONS: Cholecystectomy. MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS: The analgesia activity of ketorolac tromethamine 10 mg and 30 mg suppositories were evaluated after single dose administration by assessing pain intensity and pain relief using a 4 point scale (VRS). At the end of the treatment period overall assessment of safety and efficacy were recorded by physician and patient. The results show that in both active groups after 30' and until 4 hours, pain intensity decreased significantly with respect to the baseline. However a statistically significant difference between groups of p < 0.02, p < 0.01 and p < 0.05 was found in favour of the 30 mg dose respectively at 30', 6 and 8 hours after administration. All the patients treated with placebo suppositories required another rescue analgesic drug and withdrew from the trial. Three patients complained adverse events not related to treatment: two on placebo and one on ketorolac 10 mg. The systemic and local tolerability of the drug was good. CONCLUSIONS: This study shows that ketorolac 30 mg suppositories are effective in clinical conditions, such as after surgery, in which pain control must be achieved within the shortest time interval and maintained or improved by means of a single route of administration.